Suchergebnisse

L'abandon récent du projet de construction de l'aéroport de Notre-Dame-des-Landes l'a montré : construire une nouvelle autoroute, une nouvelle ligne à grande vitesse ou un nouvel aéroport n'est plus la finalité principale de la politique française des transports. La priorité est désormais donnée au « transport du quotidien » ainsi qu'à l'amélioration des réseaux d'infrastructures existants. Les grands projets d'infrastructures de transports sont-ils pour autant finis ?

The concept of a benchmark applied to the care of young children. A comparison between France-Sweden Anne-Marie Daune-Richard Résumé By using the concept of reference and applying it to the family, and to child care policies, the author analyses the construction and implementation of public policies concerning the care of young children. This analysis relates to 'global' benchmarks and 'specific' benchmarks. These define at a given time, in a given society, the relationship between children and companies and the ratio between men and women. The study reveals very different definitions and articulation of these benchmarks in France and Sweden. Quote this document/Cite this document: Daune-Richard Anne-Marie. The concept of a benchmark applied to the care of young children. ; International audience ; The concept of a benchmark applied to the care of young children. A comparison between France-Sweden Anne-Marie Daune-Richard Résumé By using the concept of reference and applying it to the family, and to child care policies, the author analyses the construction and implementation of public policies concerning the care of young children. This analysis relates to 'global' benchmarks and 'specific' benchmarks. These define at a given time, in a given society, the relationship between children and companies and the ratio between men and women. The study reveals very different definitions and articulation of these benchmarks in France and Sweden. Quote this document/Cite this document: Daune-Richard Anne-Marie. The concept of a benchmark applied to the care of young children. ; La notion de référentiel appliquée à la garde des jeunes enfants. Une comparaison France-Suède Anne-Marie Daune-Richard Résumé En utilisant la notion de référentiel et en l'appliquant à la famille, et aux politiques de garde déjeunes enfants, l'auteur analyse la construction et la mise en oeuvre des politiques publiques concernant l'accueil des jeunes enfants. Cette analyse met en relation des référentiels «globaux » et des référentiels qualifiés ...

Summary: Political gender-based violence is a threat to the rights of women involved in the political sphere and has harmful effects on society. However, it is difficult to approximate to what should be regarded as political violence. The aim of this text is to examine different perspectives on the meaning of the concept; their discussion is based on the review of academic studies, books and articles published in Mexico between 2010 and 2020, using an analysis that marks nodal points in the concept. The focal points of the discussion contribute to understanding its social construction and institutionalisation, particularly in the academic and political spheres, and highlight its relevance to democratic processes. ; Resumen: La violencia política en razón de género constituye una amenaza para los derechos de las mujeres que participan en la esfera política y tiene efectos nocivos en la sociedad. No obstante, resulta difícil aproximarse a lo que debe ser considerado como violencia política. El objetivo de este texto es examinar distintas perspectivas sobre los significados del concepto; su discusión se sustenta en la revisión de estudios académicos, libros y artículos publicados en México entre 2010 y 2020, mediante un análisis que marca puntos nodales en el concepto. Los ejes centrales de la discusión contribuyen al entendimiento de su construcción social e institucionalización, particularmente en los ámbitos académico y político, y destacan su relevancia para los procedimientos democráticos.

International audience L'approche comparative des pratiques d'urbanisme commercial en Europe permet de mettre en évidence les similitudes et les différences observées d'un pays à un autre en matière de planification commerciale afin d'en expliquer les causes principales. Le premier objectif de l'étude présentée est d'appréhender les deux grands systèmes de planification territoriale mis en place à la fin du XXe siècle pour réguler le déploiement commercial au nord et au sud de l'Europe. La seconde finalité de l'article interroge l'homogénéisation progressive de ces systèmes à partir du rapport territorial des modes de planification qui éclaire plus particulièrement les démarches européennes les plus vertueuses en matière de recherche d'équilibre des centralités existantes, de construction de modes de concertation efficaces, de respect des armatures urbaines nationales dans les implantations d'enseignes et de remédiation numérique. ; Using a comparative approach, the aim of this study is about finding both similarities and differences in national and commercial planning practices in order to explain the main disparities causes observed. The first focus is to present and discuss the two main types of territorial planning (North and South parts of Europe) that took place in the end of the 20th century to regulate new retailers location strategies. In a gradual homogenization of retail policy planning, the second purpose of the article questions the relationship to the territory produced within these planning processes for lightening major steps to examine centralities equilibrium ways, new consultation methods, urban and national network respect, and digital remediation forms.

instead of looking for allies among their Mediterranean colleagues, close to their geographical, political and economic situation, Spanish biochemists took as their model Northern Europe and then AngloAmerican science. The foundation of their discipline, in the midst of a franquist dictatorship, is characterised by the dedication to research, the desire to obtain international recognition, the precariousness of resources and the support of the politico-scientific authority established by Franquism. ; Peer reviewed ; instead of looking for allies among their Mediterranean colleagues, close to their geographical, political and economic situation, Spanish biochemists took as their model Northern Europe and then AngloAmerican science. The foundation of their discipline, in the midst of a franquist dictatorship, is characterised by the dedication to research, the desire to obtain international recognition, the precariousness of resources and the support of the politico-scientific authority established by Franquism. ; Au lieu de chercher des alliés parmi leurs collègues méditerranéens, proches par leur situation géographique, politique et économique, les biochimistes espagnols ont pris pour modèle l'Europe du Nord, puis la science angloaméricaine. La fondation de leur discipline, en pleine dictature franquiste, est marquée par le dévouement à la recherche, le souci d'obtenir une reconnaissance internationale, la précarité des moyens et le soutien de l'autorité politico-scientifique mise en place par le franquisme.

95 104 45 3 ; S ; [EN] Rapid transit construction projects are major endeavours that require long-term planning by several players, including politicians, urban planners, engineers, management consultants, and citizen groups. Traditionally, operations research methods have not played a major role at the planning level but several tools developed in recent years can assist the decision process and help produce tentative network designs that can be submitted to the planners for further evaluation. This article reviews some indices for the quality of a rapid transit network, as well as mathematical models and heuristics that can be used to design networks. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. This research was partly funded by the Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council under grant no. 39682-10, the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under grant no. MTM 2009-14243 and the Junta de Andalucía, Spain, under grant no. P09-TEP-5022. This support is gratefully acknowledged. Fig. 10 was kindly provided by Giuseppe Bruno. Thanks are due to a referee who provided several valuable comments on an earlier version of this paper. Laporte, G.; Mesa, J.; Ortega, F.; Perea Rojas Marcos, F. (2011). Planning rapid transit networks. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences. 45(3):95-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2011.02.001

Scientific Colloquium in Weimar from 18 to 21 June 1992 at the University of Architecture and Construction on: 'Architecture and power' ; Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 18. bis 21. Juni 1992 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: 'Architektur und Macht'

219 252 8 2 ; OJS ; [EN] The Civil Guard barracks, promoted by the Directorate-General of Devastated Regions [Dirección General de Regiones Devastadas, DGRD] (1939-1957), are an exception within the general marginality of this hybrid architecture in architectural historiography. However, such a prominence has led to a distorted and partial approach to the architecture of these barracks, ignoring the contemporary production of the Civil Guard's technical services. This is the first study that deals with the post-war promotion of barracks, offering an analysis that sheds light on the interdependencies and contributions made by each organisation. The methodology is based on a bibliographical review, which includes the Reconstrucción journal, the consultation of the projects in the archives that hold the documentation of both organisations and the comparative analysis of their productions. This paper aims to show how the DGRD based the promotion of its barracks on the models created by the architects attached to the Civil Guard, taking them directly and adapting them to its propagandistic interests according to Franco's ideology using strategic implantation, a commitment to specific typologies, excessive ornamentation and the emphasis on a collective way of life. ; [ES] Las casas cuartel de la Guardia Civil promovidas por la Dirección General de Regiones Devastadas, DGRD (1939-1957) son una excepción dentro de la marginalidad general en la que se encuentra este tipo de arquitectura híbrida en la historiografía arquitectónica. En cambio, ese protagonismo ha provocado un acercamiento distorsionado y parcial a la arquitectura de estos acuartelamientos, obviando la producción coetánea de los servicios técnicos de la Guardia Civil. Por esta razón, se aporta el primer estudio que aborda la promoción de casas cuartel en posguerra, ofreciendo un análisis que establece las interdependencias y aportaciones que efectuó cada organismo. La metodología se basa en la revisión bibliográfica, en la que destaca la revista ...

Summary In his promotion to the US Presidency, Donald Trump maintained a profile of xenophobic radicalism. It promised not only the implementation of a policy of zero tolerance of illegal immigration, but also the construction of a modern wall at the border with our country to restrict the entry of undocumented immigration. This leaves us to see a scenario where US migration policies are tightened, meaning a virtual declaration of war against immigrants from all over the world. However, this policy is not an invention of Trump, as the tendency to curb immigration has dramatically manifested itself by the administrations of Bill Clinton, which lifted the first border wall, and Barack Obama, who has the record of deportation of migrants. These policies are replicated by immigrants through the development of resilience and organisational strategies. ; Resumen En su ascenso a la presidencia de los Estados Unidos, Donald Trump sostuvo un perfil de radicalismo xenofóbico. Prometió no solo la puesta en marcha de una política de cero tolerancia a la inmigración ilegal, sino también la construcción de un moderno muro en la frontera con nuestro país para restringir el ingreso de indocumentados. Esto nos deja ver un escenario que supone el endurecimiento de las políticas migratorias estadounidenses, lo que significa una virtual declaración de guerra contra los inmigrantes de todo el mundo. Sin embargo, esta política no es invención de Trump, pues la tendencia a frenar la inmigración se viene manifestando de manera radical desde las administraciones de Bill Clinton, quien levantó el primer muro fronterizo, y Barack Obama, quien posee el record de deportación de inmigrantes. Estas políticas son replicadas por los inmigrantes mediante el desarrollo de estrategias de resistencia y organización.

1 18 14 2 ; S ; [EN] Green Public Procurement (GPP) is defined as a process of contracting products, services, and works with the least possible damage to the environment during their life cycle. In order to improve the knowledge about GPP, a study of the use of environmental tendering criteria in the Spanish public construction sector has been performed. The results of this study show that the use of environmental criteria in Spanish public sector construction procurement is low in comparison to a certain group of countries, known as Green 7 , in the European Union. Environmental criteria is the fourth criterion in importance, but its weight in the global of the process is much lower than other criteria such as price, memory of the construction process and the delivery time. National administrations use environmental criteria more frequently because they have more resources and staff training about environmental issues. Environmental criteria are more used in the tendering of civil projects and works whose budget exceeds ten million euro due to the environmental impact of these kind and/or size of projects. This paper was funded by the Universitat Politècnica de València and UNED, both of Spain. Fuentes Bargues, JL.; González-Cruz, M.; González-Gaya, C. (2017). Environmental criteria in the Spanish Public Works Procurement Process. International Journal of Environmental research and Public Health. 14(2):1-18. doi:10.3390/ijerph14020204

Scientific Colloquium from 18 to 21 June 1992 in Weimar at the University of Architecture and Construction on: 'Architecture and power' ; Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 18. bis 21. Juni 1992 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: 'Architektur und Macht'

Scientific Colloquium in Weimar from 18 to 21 June 1992 at the University of Architecture and Construction on: 'Architecture and power' ; Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 18. bis 21. Juni 1992 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: 'Architektur und Macht'

Scientific Colloquium from 18 to 21 June 1992 in Weimar at the University of Architecture and Construction on: 'Architecture and power' ; Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 18. bis 21. Juni 1992 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: 'Architektur und Macht'

30 43 9 ; SWORD ; [EN] The examination of the photographic material related to the Holy Family Church has made it possible to discover the workshop that Gaudí built on site and has aroused great interest because of the modernity of its forms. With the help of a computeraided programme and on the basis of the photographs and historic testimonies, a virtual reconstruction has been achieved of this secondary building, disconcerting in its power to anticipate the present. ; [ES] La observación del material fotográfico relacionado con el Templo de la Sagrada Familia ha permitido descubrir el taller que Gaudí se había construido a pie de obra y ha despertado un gran interés debido a la modernidad de sus formas. Con la ayuda de una aplicación informática y partiendo de las fotografías y los testimonios históricos, se ha procedido a la reconstrucción virtual de este edificio accesorio que desconcierta por su capacidad de anticipación a la actualidad. Gómez Serrano, JV.; Coll I Grifoll, J.; Font I Comas, J.; Ávila I Casademont, G. (2000). La reconstrucción virtual del Obrador de Gaudí. Loggia, Arquitectura & Restauración. (9):30-43. doi:10.4995/loggia.2000.5248

In this essay, the history of the Brussels architecture school La Cambre is sketched. It was established in 1928 under the guidance of Henry Van de Velde as an avant-garde elite school, but in the 1960s a certain academism emerged. This led to almost two decades of ideological and political battles, with Maurice Culot, Léon Krier and Robert Delevoy as the main protagonists. In 2011, La Cambre was integrated into the University of Brussels.