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In the framework of project "Study and appli-cation methods to evaluate the natural resource economy for some typical ecosystems in Haiphong coastal area, and propose the solutions for the sustainable use", the study of evaluation on the state of mangrove ecosystems in Phu Long (Cat Hai district, Hai Phong City) were implemented to provide the scientific basis for identifying and quantifying the ecological values monetized into currency. This article contributes to provide scientific data on the state of the mangrove ecosystem in Phu Long, which has been investigated by scientific collective of the Institute of Marine Environment and Resources from 2008 - 2009. Research results showed that mangrove eco-system in Phu Long is high in biodiversity, has decreased greatly in area, and declined strongly in the ecosystem's quality. The aquatic resources have been in signs of depletion, that shown by changes in sources of the shrimp and fish larvae, and catching production. Recently, the local government has been implimented promptly and efficiently management policies for mangrove forest.

"Sixty-six years ago, three brothers from North Minneapolis disappeared on a November afternoon and were never seen again. Based on a single cap found on the ice of the Mississippi River, investigators determined that Kenneth, Jr. (age 8), David (age 6), and Daniel (age 4) had drowned and closed the case immediately. Their parents, Betty and Kenneth Klein, weren't convinced by this hasty conclusion and never stopped looking for their boys, who they believed had been abducted--though their pleas to reopen the case year after year remained unsuccessful. Fifty-three years later, in 2014, an investigator named Jessica Miller and the Wright County Sheriff, with the help of the FBI, convinced the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension to reopen the case based on their investigations which turned up information never found or considered by the original investigators. Miller and her concluded this was in fact a likely abduction, and identified a prime suspect (now deceased). It is one of the oldest criminal cold cases in US history to be reopened"--

"Sixty-six years ago, three brothers from North Minneapolis disappeared on a November afternoon and were never seen again. Based on a single cap found on the ice of the Mississippi River, investigators determined that Kenneth, Jr. (age 8), David (age 6), and Daniel (age 4) had drowned and closed the case immediately. Their parents, Betty and Kenneth Klein, weren't convinced by this hasty conclusion and never stopped looking for their boys, who they believed had been abducted--though their pleas to reopen the case year after year remained unsuccessful. Fifty-three years later, in 2014, an investigator named Jessica Miller and the Wright County Sheriff, with the help of the FBI, convinced the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension to reopen the case based on their investigations which turned up information never found or considered by the original investigators. Miller and her concluded this was in fact a likely abduction, and identified a prime suspect (now deceased). It is one of the oldest criminal cold cases in US history to be reopened"--

Intro -- TABLE DES MATIÈRES -- Avant-propos -- Introduction -- 1. Diversité des structures linéaires boisées dans le monde -- Les lieux du bocage -- La diversité des haies et autres boisements linéaires -- La diversité des réseaux de haies et des paysages bocagers -- Un bocage peu connu, au Québec -- Les bocages des Alpes françaises -- 2. Histoire et évolution récente des haies et des bocages -- Le temps long : la dimension historique des plantations et des arasements -- Les réseaux de l'époque préhistorique -- Les réseaux de l'époque romaine -- Les phases de création des bocages au Moyen Âge -- Une phase plus tardive -- L'évolution récente des réseaux bocagers -- Conclusion -- 3. L'évolution des représentations collectives et des modes de gestion du bocage -- Les significations du terme bocage au cours des siècles -- Le bocage : un terme polysémique -- Un terme aux significations variables selon les groupes sociaux -- Le bocage ou l'identification d'une région -- Les modes anciens de gestion des haies et les facteurs de diversité -- Une pratique de nature significative d'une organisation sociale particulière -- Le paysage de bocage, révélateur de la sociabilité locale -- La forme de l'arbre dans une nouvelle pensée de la nature et de la société -- La gestion actuelle du « bocage » : un paysage entre nature, technique et société -- Les caractéristiques écologiques -- L'évolution des systèmes de production et de la technique agricole -- La restructuration foncière -- Les modifications techniques -- Le statut de la haie (fondements juridiques) -- Des relations sociales locales très diversifiées -- 4. Les enjeux de la cartographie -- Introduction -- Le contexte actuel de la cartographie -- Inventaires et analyses cartographiques du paysage bocager -- Nécessité d'une cartographie des paysages bocagers -- Enjeux de la cartographie du bocage.

There are many studies on the history of the islands in the South China Sea. The present article looks at the references to these islands in one source, Huang Zhong's 黄衷 Hai yu 海語 (preface 1536). This mainly concerns two entries in that work. One entry bears the title Wanli shitang 萬里石塘, the other is called Wanli changsha 萬里長沙. The article presents English translations of these entries together with detailed comments. These comments are necessary because both entries contain several terms and passages that are difficult to understand. The comments investigate questions related to the geography and other phenoma of this area. This involves citations from contemporary sources as well as from some earlier and later works. In that sense the article may classify as a long philological note, or a collection of glosses, on a particular aspect described in one important mid-Ming text.

There are strong arguments that national catastrophic drug insurance should be established in Canada with assistance from the federal government. The author of this paper projects the long-run program costs for two proposals for such a program: that of the Kirby Committee and that of the Romanow Commission. He concludes that both the annual program costs to the federal government and the share of the federal government on total prescription drug expenditures in Canada would increase dramatically under either program. Although the Kirby-style program requires less initial expenditure by the federal government than does the Romanow-style program, because of their different designs, over time the Kirby-style program would become more expensive. Moreover, the Kirby-style program would be more sensitive to the growth rate of prescription drug expenditure. The choices relating to the program threshold and federal cost-sharing rate have far-reaching influences on the long-run costs to the federal government.