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The current economic crisis and the growing disparities between rich and poor countries make that the issue of access health care institutions is becoming one of the most fundamental social issues. The level of access to health care across social groups and regions of the world is still very illustrative example of widening gap between the world of wealth and poverty. Currently even the middle class in highly developed countries begin to suffer more and more problems with the access to several health care institutions and treatments. However, their situation is much better than the excluded and already marginalized categories of people such as illegal migrants and people in developing countries. No wonder then that the human right to health and its implementation has become one of the most important aspects of contemporary social human rights. Just as the concept of human right itself- developed in the academic discourse, the human right to health appears to us as a typically western rights-based construct. Despite the efforts of several universal institutions (such as the WHO and the UN) its understanding and implementation in the developing countries is still far from satisfactory. However, this does not mean that you should give up in our efforts on the development of several pillars of the right to health within the international human rights law. Despite the growing number of publications, the human right to health is still relatively little-known human rights issue. The vast majority of existing publications focuses on theoretical and conceptual issues as well as right to health/access to health care institutions in developed countries. The growing number of studies on human right to health in the U.S. and European states is accompanied by small portion of publications devoted to the problems in underdeveloped countries. This conceptual gap is gradually fill by recently issued publication on realizing to right to health. This bibliography highlights works relating to human right to health that were published over the last 25 years. The entries are divided by type: books; chapters in edited volumes and articles in scientific journals. While not a comprehensive bibliography, the first three sections list approximately 200 references. The main themes of the publications listed in the present report include the following: theoretical approaches to human right to health; right to health care, access to health and bioethics in the context of international human rights law; immigrants and the human right to health care.

Abstract This study examines the role of functional morphemes in the earliest stage of lexical development. Recent research showed that prelinguistic infants can perceive functional morphemes. We inquire whether infants use frequent functors to segment potential word forms. French‐learning 8‐month‐olds were familiarized to two utterance types: a novel noun following a functor, and another novel noun following a prosodically matched nonsense functor. After familiarization, infants' segmentation of the two nouns was assessed in a test phase presenting the nouns in isolation. Infants in Experiment 1 showed evidence of using both frequent functors des and mes (as opposed to the nonsense functor kes) to segment the nouns, suggesting also that they had specific representations of the functors. The infrequent functor vos in Experiment 2 did not facilitate segmentation. Frequency is thus a crucial factor. Our findings demonstrate that frequent functors can bootstrap infants into early lexical learning. Furthermore, the effect of functors for initial word segmentation is likely universal.

AbstractPharmaceuticals and personal care products constitute one of the most common groups of contaminants in surface waters, and little is known about their impact on aquatic wildlife. The antidepressant fluoxetine is among more prevalent categories of pharmaceuticals detected in the aquatic environment. Typical surface water concentrations are in a wide range that can lead to alterations in life of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Because the mode of fluoxetine action is thought to be by modulation of the neurotransmitter serotonin, macroinvertebrates that possess relevant transporters and receptors sensitive are potentially affected by this pharmaceutical. Available information of how this emerging contaminant may affect macroinvertebrate communities is limited. This review describes the influence of pharmaceuticals on aquatic fauna in general and reports the environmental concentrations of some widely used antidepressants. Additionally, we highlighted the effects of fluoxetine as an antidepressant of concern, because of its abundance and potential for toxicity to aquatic macroinvertebrates.

This study aimed to verify the impact of servant leadership on innovative behaviour in non-governmental organisations (NGOs). It particularly investigated the role of a mediator for self-efficacy in the relationship between servant leadership and innovative behaviour. This study defined the organisational psychology-behaviour mechanism in non-profit organisations by verifying the moderated mediating effect of vocational calling in the relationship between servant leadership, self-efficacy, and innovative behaviour. The 174 pilot samples used in this study comprised community service participants in NGOs. The analysis verified the hypothesis set through causal correlations among four variables using regression analysis and the PROCESS macro developed by Hayes. Vocational calling played a moderating role in the relationship between servant leadership and self-efficacy, and vocational calling had a conditional effect on the impact of servant leadership on innovative behaviour through self-efficacy. Meanwhile, self-efficacy fully mediated servant leadership and innovative behaviour. Based on the verification of the mechanism of organisational psychology-action, this study sought ways to develop the organisation of NGOs and improve the working environment.

The ten principles enumerated in the Helsinki Final Act mark the beginning of a process that could improve relations among the signatory States. Such rapprochement would create a more favorable climate for fuller realization of human rights or values by every person living in their territories. In the other direction, Principles VI and VIII try to define the societal preconditions for amelioration of interstate relations. The term "progress" implies gradual development to be assessed at certain intervals. The assessment can hardly be unanimous; thus, the fact that government representatives in Belgrade parted without substantive agreement was not in itself a disaster. The process goes on through an exchange of views, sometimes acrimonious in nature. The Principles themselves were not questioned in Belgrade. The short Concluding Document that resulted from this follow-up gathering, in fact, confirmed the Final Act in all respects. Better results can be expected from the next meeting in Madrid if human rights are considered too serious a matter to be used as trumps in an international political game. Together with Mme. Bastid, one should hope that tolerance among states will breed tolerance within states. The provisions aimed at cooperation in humanitarian and related fields among European and other signatory States of the Helsinki Accord are of more immediate concern. They were intended to improve interstate relations as well as the atmosphere within states. They differ from the Principles to the extent that the signatory States agreed upon both a description of desired situations and preferred methods for attaining these goals, the latter being nonessential to the functioning of the political systems.

Thin statement by the Commander, Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS) sums up the great changes which have been taking place in the merchant marine. The container ship revolution begun in 1957 when Sea Land Service, Inc., introduced three C2 cargo ships converted to carry 226 containers in Atlantic coastwise shipping.

This assessment of progress in Southeast Asia on human rights begins in the wake of the 'Asian values' debate and culminates in the formal regional institutionalisation of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR). Chapters examine the arduous negotiation of AICHR, the evolving relationship between ASEAN states' and the international human rights system, and the historical and experiential reasons for hesitancy. The text concludes with a discussion of how the evolving right to development impacts upon AICHR and international human rights in general, and how their preference for economic, social and development rights could help ASEAN states shape the debate

"Civil Effects Test Group." ; "WT-1472 ; AEC Category: Physics ; Military Category: 32." ; "Issuance Date: August 1961"--Cover. ; "Sandia Corporation, Albuquerque, New Mexico, October 1960." ; At head of title: Report to the Test Director. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; This bibliographic record is available under the Creative Commons CC0 "No Rights Reserved" license. The University of Florida Libraries, as creator of this bibliographic record, has waived all rights to it worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law.

Purpose: Programs focused on employee well-being have gained momentum in recent years, but few have been rigorously evaluated. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an intervention designed to enhance vitality and purpose in life by assessing changes in employee quality of life (QoL) and health-related behaviors. Design: A worksite-based randomized controlled trial. Setting: Twelve eligible worksites (8 randomized to the intervention group [IG] and 4 to the wait-listed control group [CG]). Participants: Employees (n = 240) at the randomized worksites. Intervention: A 2.5-day group-based behavioral intervention. Measures: Rand Medical Outcomes Survey (MOS) 36-item Short-Form (SF-36) vitality and QoL measures, Ryff Purpose in Life Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies questionnaire for depression, MOS sleep, body weight, physical activity, diet quality, and blood measures for glucose and lipids (which were used to calculate a cardiometabolic risk score) obtained at baseline and 6 months. Analysis: General linear mixed models were used to compare least squares means or prevalence differences in outcomes between IG and CG participants. Results: As compared to CG, IG had a significantly higher mean 6-month change on the SF-36 vitality scale ( P = .003) and scored in the highest categories for 5 of the remaining 7 SF-36 domains: general health ( P = .014), mental health ( P = .027), absence of role limitations due to physical problems ( P = .026), and social functioning ( P = .007). The IG also had greater improvements in purpose in life ( P < .001) and sleep quality (index I, P = .024; index II, P = .021). No statistically significant changes were observed for weight, diet, physical activity, or cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusion: An intensive 2.5-day intervention showed improvement in employee QoL and well-being over 6 months.

"The physiological and expectancy effects of alcohol consumption on the aggressive behavior of 116 general-population males aged 18–45 years were analyzed separately in a naturalistic field experiment using a 3 × 3 Balanced Placebo Design (BPD). Participants were given a non-alcoholic drink, a drink targeting a Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) of .05%, or a drink targeting a BAC of .1%. Within these three groups, three expectancy levels were induced regarding the quantity of alcohol ingested. Aggressive behavior was measured as retaliation against an aggressive confederate, in the form of amounts of hot sauce and salt administered in a taste test. Expectancies significantly increased aggressive behavior, whereas actual quantity of alcohol ingested was unrelated to aggression. Aggressive dispositions also predicted aggressive behavior." [author's abstract]