Suchergebnisse

The purpose of the article is to try to understand the phenomenon of the ideological component of Russian hybrid aggression, to investigate how an alternative reality is formed in the occupied territories, built by the Kremlin whose main goal is the total Ukrainization of the region. of Donetsk and Luhansk regions through various sources. An important role in shaping the anti-Ukrainian identity of the population of the occupied Donbass was given to visual propaganda. The ideological treatment of the population of the «people's republics» is based on a centralized system of information space management. The authors note that the focus of both Russian and local political technologists and power structures of the «people's republics» remains the promotion of the concept of «special Donbass identity», the use of prepared facts of events, which contributes to further de-Ukrainization of the region. Instead of the history of Ukraine, the so-called «history of the Motherland» has appeared in the educational institutions of the «people's republics», in which the history of the region is combined with the history of Russia. A new educational subject has appeared in the curricula of educational institutions – «lessons of citizenship of Donbass». The content of this course is based on the narratives of Russian propaganda and aims to deprive children and young people of historical memory. There is an integration with the Russian educational space. Conclusions: Thus, the information and propaganda component of the conflict in Donbass is one of the most important tools for leveling the all-Ukrainian identity in this region. The ideological occupation of Donbass is carried out, first of all, through the promotion of the idea of non-Ukrainian identity of the population of the region. Practical meaning: the main provisions can be used to study the history of the occupation of the Donbass region. Originality: features of the hybrid Russian-Ukrainian war, namely its virtual component is covered. Scientific novelty: for the first time an attempt was made to conduct a comprehensive study of the ideological occupation of Donbass by Russia. ; Метою статті є спроба зрозуміти феномен ідеологічної складової російської гібридної агресії, дослідити як на окупованих територіях формується альтернативна реальність, побудована Кремлем, головною метою якої виступає тотальна деукраїнізація регіону. Основні результати: в статті розповідається про конструювання антиукраїнської ідентичності в окупованих районах Донецької та Луганської областей через різноманітні джерела. Важлива роль у формуванні антиукраїнської ідентичності населення окупованого Донбасу надано візуальній пропаганді. Ідеологічна обробка населення «народних республік» базується на централізованій системі управління інформаційним простором. Автори зазначають, що в центрі уваги як російських так і місцевих політтехнологів та владних структур «народних республік» залишається просування концепту «особливої донбаської ідентичності», використання препарованих фактів подій, що сприяє подальшій деукраїнізації регіону. В навчальних закладах «народних республік» замість історії України з'явилась так звана «история Отечества», в якій історія регіону поєднується з історією Росії. У програмах навчальних закладів з'явився новий «освітньо-виховний предмет – «уроки громадянськості Донбасу». Зміст цього курсу базується на наративах російської пропаганди та має на меті позбавлення дітей та молоді історичної пам'яті. Відбувається інтеграція з російським освітнім простором. Висновки: Таким чином, інформаційно-пропагандистська складова конфлікту на Донбасі виступає одним з найголовніших інструментів нівелювання загальноукраїнської ідентичності в цьому регіоні. Ідеологічна окупація Донбасу здійснюється, перш за все, через просування ідеї неукраїнської ідентичності населення регіону. Практичне значення: основні положення можуть бути використані для досліджень історії окупації регіону Донбасу. Оригінальність: висвітлено особливості гібридної російсько-української війни, а саме її віртуальну складову. Наукова новизна: вперше здійснено спробу комплексного дослідження ідеологічної окупації Донбасу з боку Росії.

The purpose of the article is to try to understand the phenomenon of the ideological component of Russian hybrid aggression, to investigate how an alternative reality is formed in the occupied territories, built by the Kremlin whose main goal is the total Ukrainization of the region. of Donetsk and Luhansk regions through various sources. An important role in shaping the anti-Ukrainian identity of the population of the occupied Donbass was given to visual propaganda. The ideological treatment of the population of the «people's republics» is based on a centralized system of information space management. The authors note that the focus of both Russian and local political technologists and power structures of the «people's republics» remains the promotion of the concept of «special Donbass identity», the use of prepared facts of events, which contributes to further de-Ukrainization of the region. Instead of the history of Ukraine, the so-called «history of the Motherland» has appeared in the educational institutions of the «people's republics», in which the history of the region is combined with the history of Russia. A new educational subject has appeared in the curricula of educational institutions – «lessons of citizenship of Donbass». The content of this course is based on the narratives of Russian propaganda and aims to deprive children and young people of historical memory. There is an integration with the Russian educational space. Conclusions: Thus, the information and propaganda component of the conflict in Donbass is one of the most important tools for leveling the all-Ukrainian identity in this region. The ideological occupation of Donbass is carried out, first of all, through the promotion of the idea of non-Ukrainian identity of the population of the region. Practical meaning: the main provisions can be used to study the history of the occupation of the Donbass region. Originality: features of the hybrid Russian-Ukrainian war, namely its virtual component is covered. Scientific novelty: for the first time an attempt was made to conduct a comprehensive study of the ideological occupation of Donbass by Russia. ; Метою статті є спроба зрозуміти феномен ідеологічної складової російської гібридної агресії, дослідити як на окупованих територіях формується альтернативна реальність, побудована Кремлем, головною метою якої виступає тотальна деукраїнізація регіону. Основні результати: в статті розповідається про конструювання антиукраїнської ідентичності в окупованих районах Донецької та Луганської областей через різноманітні джерела. Важлива роль у формуванні антиукраїнської ідентичності населення окупованого Донбасу надано візуальній пропаганді. Ідеологічна обробка населення «народних республік» базується на централізованій системі управління інформаційним простором. Автори зазначають, що в центрі уваги як російських так і місцевих політтехнологів та владних структур «народних республік» залишається просування концепту «особливої донбаської ідентичності», використання препарованих фактів подій, що сприяє подальшій деукраїнізації регіону. В навчальних закладах «народних республік» замість історії України з'явилась так звана «история Отечества», в якій історія регіону поєднується з історією Росії. У програмах навчальних закладів з'явився новий «освітньо-виховний предмет – «уроки громадянськості Донбасу». Зміст цього курсу базується на наративах російської пропаганди та має на меті позбавлення дітей та молоді історичної пам'яті. Відбувається інтеграція з російським освітнім простором. Висновки: Таким чином, інформаційно-пропагандистська складова конфлікту на Донбасі виступає одним з найголовніших інструментів нівелювання загальноукраїнської ідентичності в цьому регіоні. Ідеологічна окупація Донбасу здійснюється, перш за все, через просування ідеї неукраїнської ідентичності населення регіону. Практичне значення: основні положення можуть бути використані для досліджень історії окупації регіону Донбасу. Оригінальність: висвітлено особливості гібридної російсько-української війни, а саме її віртуальну складову. Наукова новизна: вперше здійснено спробу комплексного дослідження ідеологічної окупації Донбасу з боку Росії.

Introduction. The article examines the problems of institutional provision for innovative development of the infocommunications as a component of the sphere of digitalization of Ukraine. The subjects have been singled out and the shortcomings in relation to the institutional provision of the innovative development of the country's infocommunication sphere have been identified. Determining the leading role of the infocommunication sphere in the process of formation and development of innovation infrastructure of the national economy, and on the basis of research of organizational, economic, innovative and legal bases of regulatory activity of the system of state and non-state institutions proposals are made to improve institutional development of infocommunication sphere. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the features and problems of institutional provision for innovative development of the infocommunications as a component of the sphere of digitalization of Ukraine and provide suggestions on ways to improve it. Result. An analysis of basic legal acts aimed at regulating scientific, technical and innovative activities of Ukraine is provided. The characteristic features of economic activity in the infocommunication sphere are highlighted and the factors that hinder the innovative development of the digitalization of Ukraine are formed. It is shown that the institutional provision of innovation in Ukraine is represented by an extensive structure, as government regulation should provide solutions to existing problems in the economy and concentrate available resources for the effective implementation of research and innovation. Conceptual bases of creation of innovation and investment hubs in the country are formed, principles of their formation are allocated, among which basic are - concentration, common interests and interaction, and models of their financial and infectious maintenance. Conclusions. Based on the study, the authors proposed in the process of regulating the innovative development of the infocommunication sphere to apply a systematic approach with the definition of methods and mechanisms of state regulation, which should be formed and enshrined in law. The consequence of consistent state provision of the innovation and institutional environment will be the creation of favorable conditions for doing business in the country and the development of creative human potential. ; Вступ. У статті досліджено проблеми інституціонального забезпечення інноваційного розвитку інфокомунікацій як складової сфери діджиталізації України. Виокремлено суб'єкти та визначено недоліки щодо інституціонального забезпечення інноваційного розвитку інфокомунікаційної сфери країни. Визначаючи провідну роль інфокомунікаційної сфери у процесі становлення та ровитку інноваційної інфраструктури національної економіки, та на основі дослідження організаційних, економічних, інноваційних та правових засад регуляторної діяльності системи державних та недержавних інституцій сформовано пропозиції щодо удосконалення інституціонального забезпечення інноваційного розвитку інфокомунікаційної сфери. Мета і завдання. Метою статті є дослідження особливостей і проблем інституціонального забезпечення інноваційного розвитку інфокомунікацій як складової сфери діджиталізації України та надання пропозицій про способи його вдосконалення. Результати. Надано аналіз базових нормативно-правових актів, які спрямовані на регулювання науково-технічної та інноваційної діяльності Україні. Виділено характерні риси економічної діяльності в інфокомунікаційній сфері та сформовано чинники, які заважають інноваціному розвитку діджиталізації в України. Показано, що інституціональне забезпечення інноваційної діяльності в Україні представлено розгалуженою структурою, оскільки державне регулювання повинно забезпечувати вирішення існуючих проблем в економіці та концентрувати наявні ресурси задля ефективної реалізації робіт з наукових досліджень та інноваційних розробок. Сформовано концептуальні основи створення в країні інноваційно-інвестиційних хабів, виділено принципи їх формування, серед яких базовими є - концентрація, спільні інтереси та взаємодія, та моделі їх фінансово-інфестиційного забезпечення. Висновки. На основі проведеного дослідження авторами запропоновано у процесі регулювання нноваційного розвитку інфокомунікаційної сфери застосовувати системний підхід з визначенням методів та механізмів державного регулювання, які мають бути сформовані та законодавчо закріплені. Наслідком послідовної державної підтримки інноваційно-інституційного середовища стане створення сприятливих умов для ведення бізнес у країні та розвитку креативного людського потенціалу.

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of communicative competence of future medical workers. Based on the analysis of modern scientific literature, different approaches to the definition and interpretation of the essence of the phenomenon "communicative competence of future doctors" are analyzed. The article considers different approaches to defining the essence of the concepts "competence", "competency", "cultural competence". A comparative analysis of the concepts of "competence" and "competency" is given. The structure of communicative competence of future doctors is determined. Emphasis is placed on the flexibility of communication, empathy, reflectivity, communication skills and more. It is proved that communicative competence is one of the main priorities of modern quality education and one of the important components of the professional culture of doctors. The principles and approaches that form the basis for the formation of communicative competence of future doctors are formulated. The main directions of formation of communicative competence in institutions of higher medical education are considered. The issue of communicative competence is raised by philosophers, psychologists, teachers, scientists-doctors. Their research proves the need to develop the communicative competence of each individual in both social and professional spheres. The severity of the problem of formation of communicative competence in the field of communicative training of medical workers is determined by the social order, which has a clearly defined legal framework: "National Doctrine of Education of Ukraine in the XXIcentury", Law of Ukraine "On Education", "Law of Ukraine on Higher Education", etc. Official government documents state that one of the priority areas of reforming modern higher education is to train highly qualified personnel capable of creative work and professional development, who are able to effectively solve acute medical problems at a high professional and ethical level in today's difficult conditions. This is due to increased requirements for professional and personal qualities of future health workers. The key role in the implementation of these ideas belongs to the institutions of higher medical education, because it is here that the professional thinking, communicative competence and skill of the future doctor at the stage of professional training are formed. ; Стаття присвячена проблемі формування комунікативної компетентності майбутніх медичних працівників. На основі аналізу сучасної наукової літератури проаналізовано різні підходи до визначення та інтерпретації сутності феномену «комунікативна компетентність майбутніх лікарів». У статті розглянуто різні підходи до визначення сутності понять «компетенція», «компетентність», «культурологічна компетентність». Подано порівняльний аналіз понять «компетентність» і «компетенція». Визначено структуру комунікативної компетентності майбутніх лікарів. Акцентовано увагу на гнучкості спілкування, емпатійності, рефлективності, комунікативних уміннях тощо. Доведено, що комунікативна компетентність є одним із основних пріоритетів сучасної якісної освіти та однією із важливих складових професійної культури лікарів. Сформульовано принципи та підходи, які покладено в основу формування комунікативної компетентності майбутніх лікарів. Розглянуто основні напрямки формування комунікативної компетентності в закладах вищої медичної освіти. Питання комунікативної компетентності порушено філософами, психологами, педагогами, вченими-лікарями. У їхніх дослідженнях доведено необхідність розвитку комунікативної компетентності кожної особистості як у соціальній, так і професійній сферах. Гострота проблеми формування комунікативної компетентності в царині комунікативної підготовки працівників медичної сфери визначена соціальним замовленням, яке має чітко окреслену законодавчу базу: «Національна доктрина розвитку освіти України у ХХІ столітті», Закон України «Про освіту», Закон України «Про вищу освіту» та ін. В офіційних урядових документах зазначається, що одним із пріоритетних напрямків реформування сучасної вищої освіти є підготовка високо­квалі­фікованих кадрів, здатних до творчої праці та професійного розвитку, які вміють на високому професійно-етичному рівні у складних умовах сьогодення ефективно вирішувати гострі проблеми медичної галузі. Цим зумовлено підвищення вимог до професійних та особистісних якостей майбутніх медичних працівників. Клю­чова роль у реалізації зазначених ідей належить закладам вищої медичної освіти, оскільки саме тут формуються професійне мислення, комунікативна компетентність та майстерність майбутнього лікаря на етапі професійної підготовки.

This article determines the novelty of the research of Hnat Koltsuniak's biography – the repressed figure of Ukrainian science and culture of Galicia of the first third of the 20th century. The research emphasizes the areas of scientific knowledge and arts where his activity was fundamental: ethnic, ethnographic, and art studies. The purpose of the proposed article is to continue the reconstruction of Hnat Koltsuniak's life on the cumulative basis of fragmented historiography, new archival information, and visual sources; study of the role which his artistic and scientific work played in the cultural and historical discourses of the first third of the 20th century and those of independent Ukraine. The visual sources of the research studied "de visu" (works of art, museum documentation) have been summarized in the topical media archives. The historiography and sources of the article have been systematized, cited, and commented on. The contribution of Kyiv and Kolomyia museum professionals, who consulted the proposed research, has been determined. The main part of the article is presented as the reconstruction of the Galician, military (World War I, the period of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921), and Kyiv periods of Hnat Koltsuniak's life. Some hypotheses about his exile in 1933–1937 have been made. The analysis of the book covers and inscriptions (a type of bookplates) created by Hnat Koltsuniak has been carried out from the point of view of book studies. The article identifies the criteria which make the copies with his publication and inscriptions stored in the librarian fund of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine prospective for inclusion in the State Register of National Cultural Heritage. The contents and fate of the book collection of the Cabinet of Anthropology and Ethnology named after Fedir Vovk, established in honor of the founder of Ukrainian studies and destroyed by repressions, is additionally highlighted. Such research methods and their challenges are defined: lack of archival information, in particular that of the Soviet punitive and repressive organs; insufficient amount of Hnat Koltsuniak's works of art in museum collections. The prospects of this research on the basis of new archival information are determined. ; У статті визначено наукову новизну дослідження біографії репресованого діяча української науки та культури Галичини першої третини ХХ ст. Гната Миколайовича Колцуняка. Зроблено акценти на ті сфери наукового знання та мистецтва, де його діяльність мала фундаментальний характер: народознавчі, етнографічні та мистецтвознавчі студії. Метою дослідження обрано продовження реконструкції долі Г. Колцуняка на основі узагальнення розрізненої історіографії, нової архівної інформації, візуальних джерел, вивчення ролі мистецького та наукового доробку персоналії в культурологічному та історичному дискурсах першої третини ХХ ст. та України незалежної. Опрацьовані de visu візуальні джерела (мистецькі твори, музейна документація) узагальнені в медіа-архів дослідження. Систематизовано, процитовано та прокоментовано історіографію і джерельну базу дослідження. Зазначено про внесок музейників Києва та Коломиї – консультантів дослідження. Основна частина статті подана як реконструкція галицького, воєнного (Перша світова вій­на та доба Української революції 1917–21 рр.) і київського періодів життя Г. Колцуняка, зроблено припущення щодо подій у період його заслання в 1933–37 рр. Проведено книгознавчий аналіз книжкових обкладинок та інскриптів, створених Г. Колцуняком. Визначено критерії, за якими примірники з його публікацією та інскриптами в бібліотечному фонді Національного музею історії України мають перспективу внесення в Державний реєстр національного культурного надбання. Додатково висвітлено зміст і долю книжкової колекції Кабінету антропології та етнології ім. Ф. Вовка, заснованого на честь фундатора українознавства та знищеного репресіями. Подано методи дослідження, визначено його виклики: брак архівної інформації, зокрема радянських карально-репресивних органів, мала збереженість творів Г. Колцуняка в музейних колекціях. Визначено перспективи дослідження на основі нових архівних джерел.

The ability to see the list of necessary actions and the degree of responsibility of the officials behind the generalized formulation of the action plan for ecological safety is formed in the process of training at a military institution. A key role is assigned to the discipline «ecology», in which it is important to teach cadets to plan and implement ecological activities in the practice of military service. The relevance of the work is related to the insufficient implementation of the didactic principle of the connection between the theoretical foundations of military ecology taught at the military institution and practical situations of military service that require the implementation of measures to ensure ecological safety. The purpose of the article is to develop a system of requirements for teaching methods in solving ecological problems aimed at forming the ecological component of military professional competencies of cadets at military institutions. As the methodological basis, the author uses the ideas of the activity approach; the theory of forming the subject skills; the works that reveal the psychological and pedagogical aspects of the application of training tasks in the learning process for the organization of educational and cognitive activities of cadets. The article substantiates the criteria for the effectiveness of solving training tasks of various difficulties in military ecology. The author gives three variants of the formulation of the task for assessing the quality of atmospheric air according to the degree of generality of the formulations of the content, conditions and requirements. Using the questionnaire method, the list of difficulties that arise when solving environmental problems of different degrees of difficulty is clarified and subsequently systematized. Methodological recommendations for overcoming the difficulties are proposed. The effectiveness was evaluated according to the criterion of completeness of mental actions. The article proposes the model of constructing the system of ecological tasks in terms of forming the skills to develop a list of measures on protection and rational use of the elements of the natural environment, taking into account the generated ecological activities and stages of their formation. ; Умение за обобщенной формулировкой плана мероприятий по экологической безопасности увидеть перечень необходимых действий и степень ответственности должностных лиц формируется в процессе обучения в военном вузе. Ключевая роль отводится дисциплине «экология», в рамках которой важно научить курсантов планировать и осуществлять экологические мероприятия в практике военной службы. Актуальность данной работы связана с недостаточной реализацией дидактического принципа связи теоретических основ военной экологии, преподаваемой в вузе, и практических ситуаций войсковой службы, требующих выполнения мероприятий по обеспечению экологической безопасности. Цель статьи: выработать систему требований к методике обучения решению экологических задач, направленных на формирование экологической составляющей военно-профессиональных компетенций курсантов военных вузов. Методологической базой послужили идеи деятельностного подхода; теории формирования предметных умений; труды, раскрывающие психолого-педагогические аспекты применения учебных задач в процессе обучения для организации учебно-познавательной деятельности обучающихся. В статье обоснованы критерии результативности решения учебных задач разной трудности по военной экологии. Приведены три варианта формулировки задачи на оценку качества атмосферного воздуха по степени обобщенности формулировок содержания, условий и требований. Методом анкетирования уточнен, а в последующем систематизирован, перечень затруднений, возникающих при решении экологических задач разной степени трудности. Предложены методические рекомендации по их преодолению при обучении российских курсантов и иностранных военнослужащих, обучающихся в военных вузах Министерства обороны РФ. Оценка эффективности проведена по критерию полноты выполнения умственных действий. Разработана и представлена модель конструирования системы экологических задач на примере формирования умения разрабатывать перечень мероприятий по охране и рациональному использованию элементов природной среды с учетом формируемых видов экологической деятельности и этапов их формирования.

This article determines the novelty of the research of Hnat Koltsuniak's biography – the repressed figure of Ukrainian science and culture of Galicia of the first third of the 20th century. The research emphasizes the areas of scientific knowledge and arts where his activity was fundamental: ethnic, ethnographic, and art studies. The purpose of the proposed article is to continue the reconstruction of Hnat Koltsuniak's life on the cumulative basis of fragmented historiography, new archival information, and visual sources; study of the role which his artistic and scientific work played in the cultural and historical discourses of the first third of the 20th century and those of independent Ukraine. The visual sources of the research studied "de visu" (works of art, museum documentation) have been summarized in the topical media archives. The historiography and sources of the article have been systematized, cited, and commented on. The contribution of Kyiv and Kolomyia museum professionals, who consulted the proposed research, has been determined. The main part of the article is presented as the reconstruction of the Galician, military (World War I, the period of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921), and Kyiv periods of Hnat Koltsuniak's life. Some hypotheses about his exile in 1933–1937 have been made. The analysis of the book covers and inscriptions (a type of bookplates) created by Hnat Koltsuniak has been carried out from the point of view of book studies. The article identifies the criteria which make the copies with his publication and inscriptions stored in the librarian fund of the National Museum of the History of Ukraine prospective for inclusion in the State Register of National Cultural Heritage. The contents and fate of the book collection of the Cabinet of Anthropology and Ethnology named after Fedir Vovk, established in honor of the founder of Ukrainian studies and destroyed by repressions, is additionally highlighted. Such research methods and their challenges are defined: lack of archival information, in particular that of the Soviet punitive and repressive organs; insufficient amount of Hnat Koltsuniak's works of art in museum collections. The prospects of this research on the basis of new archival information are determined. ; У статті визначено наукову новизну дослідження біографії репресованого діяча української науки та культури Галичини першої третини ХХ ст. Гната Миколайовича Колцуняка. Зроблено акценти на ті сфери наукового знання та мистецтва, де його діяльність мала фундаментальний характер: народознавчі, етнографічні та мистецтвознавчі студії. Метою дослідження обрано продовження реконструкції долі Г. Колцуняка на основі узагальнення розрізненої історіографії, нової архівної інформації, візуальних джерел, вивчення ролі мистецького та наукового доробку персоналії в культурологічному та історичному дискурсах першої третини ХХ ст. та України незалежної. Опрацьовані de visu візуальні джерела (мистецькі твори, музейна документація) узагальнені в медіа-архів дослідження. Систематизовано, процитовано та прокоментовано історіографію і джерельну базу дослідження. Зазначено про внесок музейників Києва та Коломиї – консультантів дослідження. Основна частина статті подана як реконструкція галицького, воєнного (Перша світова вій­на та доба Української революції 1917–21 рр.) і київського періодів життя Г. Колцуняка, зроблено припущення щодо подій у період його заслання в 1933–37 рр. Проведено книгознавчий аналіз книжкових обкладинок та інскриптів, створених Г. Колцуняком. Визначено критерії, за якими примірники з його публікацією та інскриптами в бібліотечному фонді Національного музею історії України мають перспективу внесення в Державний реєстр національного культурного надбання. Додатково висвітлено зміст і долю книжкової колекції Кабінету антропології та етнології ім. Ф. Вовка, заснованого на честь фундатора українознавства та знищеного репресіями. Подано методи дослідження, визначено його виклики: брак архівної інформації, зокрема радянських карально-репресивних органів, мала збереженість творів Г. Колцуняка в музейних колекціях. Визначено перспективи дослідження на основі нових архівних джерел.

With the establishment of the second Austrian rule on the eastern Adriatic coast (1815), after several centuries, the Adriatic Sea was divided between two sides – Italian (Papal States and Kingdom of Two Sicilies) which ruled the western Adriatic coast, and the Austrian, which ruled the eastern coast and Lombardy-Venetia. Such division of the Adriatic Sea between the two powers in constant tension adversely affected the dynamics of mapping, and in the mid-19th century, there was a serious setback in mapping. In the 1860s, the strengthening of Italian and Austrian realms (Italy began its unification in 1860, and the Austrian Empire was converted into the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1867) created a need for cooperation between the two empires on the joint mapping of the Adriatic Sea, which was to enable the production of modern charts based on a comprehensive survey covering the whole sea surface area, from coast to coast. For the purposes of the hydrographic survey, both imperial powers established their hydrographic offices as part of their military (naval) forces. The Austrian Empire established its Hydrographic Office in 1860, at first in Trieste and, from 1869 onwards, in the city of Pula ( Hydrographisches Amt der k. u. k. Kriegsmarine ). Its Italian counterpart, the Istituto idrografico della Marina , was founded in 1872 with its headquarters in Genoa (yet its first administrative act appeared as early as 1867). A systematic survey of the Adriatic Sea was started on its eastern side by the Austrian Hydrographic Office. It was conducted from 1866 to 1870 under the supervision of the experienced mariner and hydrographer Tobias Ritter von Oesterreicher. After land and sea surveys had been carried out on the basis of a dense triangulation network (first-, second-, and third-order triangulation), the first edition of the hydrographic charts of the eastern Adriatic coast was prepared by the Military Geographical Institute in Vienna and published by W. Essmann in Trieste as early as 1870 (and reissued in 1872). The survey resulted in a general chart of the Adriatic at a scale of 1:1 000 000, four course charts of the whole Adriatic Sea at a scale of 1:350 000, thirty-one coastal charts of the eastern Adriatic at scales of 1:40 000 to 1:100 000, and fifty-seven harbour charts at scales of 1:20 000 to 1:30 000. The survey of the Italian side of the Adriatic was conducted under the supervision of Counter-Admiral Duke Antonio Imbert, who earlier assisted Oesterreicher in the survey of the eastern coast. It started in 1867 and, by the end of 1873, conducted by the joint forces of the Austro-Hungarian and Italian hydrographic offices, resulted in a series of twenty-four charts at a scale of 1:100 000. Printed by the Military Geographical Institute in Vienna in 1873, together with a series covering the eastern Adriatic coast, these charts continued to serve as the main base map in the Office's cartographic production for several decades, but also as a template for maps of Adriatic issued by foreign hydrographic offices, including that of the British Admiralty. The collaboration between the Austrian and Italian hydrographic offices continued, jointly promoting the improvement of quality of nautical charts of the Adriatic and the development of the hydrographic service in general. Apart from producing the first modern charts of the Adriatic, this survey marked the beginning of a state institutions for hydrographic exploration, including first measurements of geomagnetism, salinity, currents, and tides. The 19th-century charting thus played a crucial role in the birth of the official hydrographic services and the development of modern hydrographic exploration of the Adriatic. The proposed paper is based on archival sources.

With the establishment of the second Austrian rule on the eastern Adriatic coast (1815), after several centuries, the Adriatic Sea was divided between two sides – Italian (Papal States and Kingdom of Two Sicilies) which ruled the western Adriatic coast, and the Austrian, which ruled the eastern coast and Lombardy-Venetia. Such division of the Adriatic Sea between the two powers in constant tension adversely affected the dynamics of mapping, and in the mid-19th century, there was a serious setback in mapping. In the 1860s, the strengthening of Italian and Austrian realms (Italy began its unification in 1860, and the Austrian Empire was converted into the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy in 1867) created a need for cooperation between the two empires on the joint mapping of the Adriatic Sea, which was to enable the production of modern charts based on a comprehensive survey covering the whole sea surface area, from coast to coast. For the purposes of the hydrographic survey, both imperial powers established their hydrographic offices as part of their military (naval) forces. The Austrian Empire established its Hydrographic Office in 1860, at first in Trieste and, from 1869 onwards, in the city of Pula (Hydrographisches Amt der k. u. k. Kriegsmarine). Its Italian counterpart, the Istituto idrografico della Marina, was founded in 1872 with its headquarters in Genoa (yet its first administrative act appeared as early as 1867). A systematic survey of the Adriatic Sea was started on its eastern side by the Austrian Hydrographic Office. It was conducted from 1866 to 1870 under the supervision of the experienced mariner and hydrographer Tobias Ritter von Oesterreicher. After land and sea surveys had been carried out on the basis of a dense triangulation network (first-, second-, and third-order triangulation), the first edition of the hydrographic charts of the eastern Adriatic coast was prepared by the Military Geographical Institute in Vienna and published by W. Essmann in Trieste as early as 1870 (and reissued in 1872). The survey resulted in a general chart of the Adriatic at a scale of 1:1 000 000, four course charts of the whole Adriatic Sea at a scale of 1:350 000, thirty-one coastal charts of the eastern Adriatic at scales of 1:40 000 to 1:100 000, and fifty-seven harbour charts at scales of 1:20 000 to 1:30 000. The survey of the Italian side of the Adriatic was conducted under the supervision of Counter-Admiral Duke Antonio Imbert, who earlier assisted Oesterreicher in the survey of the eastern coast. It started in 1867 and, by the end of 1873, conducted by the joint forces of the Austro-Hungarian and Italian hydrographic offices, resulted in a series of twenty-four charts at a scale of 1:100 000. Printed by the Military Geographical Institute in Vienna in 1873, together with a series covering the eastern Adriatic coast, these charts continued to serve as the main base map in the Office's cartographic production for several decades, but also as a template for maps of Adriatic issued by foreign hydrographic offices, including that of the British Admiralty. The collaboration between the Austrian and Italian hydrographic offices continued, jointly promoting the improvement of quality of nautical charts of the Adriatic and the development of the hydrographic service in general. Apart from producing the first modern charts of the Adriatic, this survey marked the beginning of a state institutions for hydrographic exploration, including first measurements of geomagnetism, salinity, currents, and tides. The 19th-century charting thus played a crucial role in the birth of the official hydrographic services and the development of modern hydrographic exploration of the Adriatic. The proposed paper is based on archival sources.

One of the factors shaping and continuing the relationship between nations on the international stage is power. Power can be defined as the use of various facilities, ways and means to influence the mind and behavior of others in order to achieve the goals. The nations and, consequently, the states seek their own interests and desires in the international area, and the achievement of these interests is a function of the level and degree of national power, especially in comparison with other countries. If a country has a high national power, it can meet its demands unhindered. Governments seek to pursue and achieve their interests through cooperation, competition and conflict. But it is clear that national interests are not achieved on their own and in a vacuum, in order to achieve it, it is necessary for governments to enjoy national power at an acceptable level. The more a country can increase its power, the more it can ensure its survival and security and, on the other hand, the more it can pursue and fulfil its goals at the regional and international levels. There are several ways to influence the behavior of others: they can be forced into an action by threats or by the use of force; the use of economic resources may force others to follow; or they can be attracted and made to accompany by taking advantage of the software components of power (Harsij and Tuyserkani, 2009: 172). The formation of relations between countries and the social order at the regional and international levels and the continuity of relations, as well as the role of each country in the international events are under the influence of power. Therefore, some consider the power as the most important component of the relationships and status of countries in the field of international relations (Pishgahifard et al., 2011: 192). During the last decades, especially with the start of the 21st century, and the rule of globalization in international relations, the sources of exercising power have also been altered, and the governing equations of societies have been undergoing profound transformations, so that the intangible forms of power have become important. So that the means of power and achievement of interests and goals in international politics have changed, and the origins and methods of exercising power have changed from hard power to soft power. In other words, however the military and economic power that may have been formed on the basis of a lure or threat, often forces others to change positions, is called hard power. On the other hand, societies and governments peruse their powerfulness, not depending on the merely material resources of power, but also on the ability to change the behavior of other states, and this aspect of power is called soft power which is the product and outcome of an international credit gain and indirect effect coupled with satisfaction on others.Currently, most of countries have made significant investments, even at regional levels, to improve their soft power resources. Undoubtedly, the Islamic Republic of Iran has been not immune from the effects of this spin to the manifestations of soft power globally. With its geopolitical position, ideology, Islamic religious culture, the Islamic Republic of Iran has considerable resources for exercising the soft power, which are well achievable in the case of accurate knowledge and appropriate investment. In this paper, we first attempt to identify the sources of soft power from different perspectives, and will further examine the effects of soft power on the sources of power for the Islamic Republic of Iran and the developments of these resources.

EU General Data Protection Regulation, by the theoretical and practical view, reforms EU data protection legal regulation and establishes a uniformly high standard of privacy data protection - the impact of any government institution or company on data protection will have to become permanent and one of the central element of planning and implementing any activity. The EU General Data Protection Regulation not only sets new rules for data processing, but also in detail regulates the rights of data subjects, extends the content of these rights and establishes the Data Protection Officer Institute. In this article, authors presents the main innovations related to data subjects' rights protection and data processing principles. The paper also analyzes the bases for the appointment of the Personal Data Protection Officer and the principles of his operation. Only the responsible processing and processing of personal data based on the principles enshrined in the Regulation protects data subject individual's right to privacy, also the data controller and data processor - against personal data protection breach. The relevance of this scientific article relates to the novelty and relevance of the General Data Protection Regulation and the importance of this document to data protection law. The purpose of this scientific article is to analyze the content of the main rights of data subject, identifying the means of ensuring data rights of the data subjects and examining the bases and principles of the activities of the data protection officer. Object of scientific article - General Data Protection Regulation contains the principles of data subjects' rights and the processing of personal data. To sum up is has to be drawn that the application of the General Data Protection Regulation has become a direct legal act and brings many innovations into countries national legal systems. The Regulation dramatically broadens the territorial scope of EU data protection law, strengthens the requirements for the lawfulness of the processing of personal data, extends the scope of liability for the processing of personal data, establishes a new obligation for a part of data controllers and data processors, appointment of a data protection officer, regulates the processing of personal data of children, strengthens the rights of subjects, tightens the requirements for the consent of the data subjects, and also increases the amount of fines for improper or unlawful processing of personal data. The establishment of the rights of data subjects in the General Personal Data Regulation aims to ensure that information is correct, used only for legitimate purposes and by those controllers who have the right to process specific data. The principles enshrined in the Regulation are considered to be clear legal requirements, which controller and processor must follow when controling and / or processing personal data. Regulation sets for data controllers binding guidelines for managing data in accordance with established principles, and each controller is required to define it in activity records. In this way, the responsibility of data controllers for the rights of data subjects is reinforced and the involvement of the data protection supervisory authority in the daily routine of data processing is reduced. The Regulation attaches a significant role to the Data protection officer throughout the entire data management system. The Data protection officer, in accordance with his mandate and assigned functions, shall be considered as a person who will not only be required to help data controllers and processors properly enforce data protection requirements but also act as an intermediary between data subjects, data controllers or processors and the data protection supervisory institution.

EU General Data Protection Regulation, by the theoretical and practical view, reforms EU data protection legal regulation and establishes a uniformly high standard of privacy data protection - the impact of any government institution or company on data protection will have to become permanent and one of the central element of planning and implementing any activity. The EU General Data Protection Regulation not only sets new rules for data processing, but also in detail regulates the rights of data subjects, extends the content of these rights and establishes the Data Protection Officer Institute. In this article, authors presents the main innovations related to data subjects' rights protection and data processing principles. The paper also analyzes the bases for the appointment of the Personal Data Protection Officer and the principles of his operation. Only the responsible processing and processing of personal data based on the principles enshrined in the Regulation protects data subject individual's right to privacy, also the data controller and data processor - against personal data protection breach. The relevance of this scientific article relates to the novelty and relevance of the General Data Protection Regulation and the importance of this document to data protection law. The purpose of this scientific article is to analyze the content of the main rights of data subject, identifying the means of ensuring data rights of the data subjects and examining the bases and principles of the activities of the data protection officer. Object of scientific article - General Data Protection Regulation contains the principles of data subjects' rights and the processing of personal data. To sum up is has to be drawn that the application of the General Data Protection Regulation has become a direct legal act and brings many innovations into countries national legal systems. The Regulation dramatically broadens the territorial scope of EU data protection law, strengthens the requirements for the lawfulness of the processing of personal data, extends the scope of liability for the processing of personal data, establishes a new obligation for a part of data controllers and data processors, appointment of a data protection officer, regulates the processing of personal data of children, strengthens the rights of subjects, tightens the requirements for the consent of the data subjects, and also increases the amount of fines for improper or unlawful processing of personal data. The establishment of the rights of data subjects in the General Personal Data Regulation aims to ensure that information is correct, used only for legitimate purposes and by those controllers who have the right to process specific data. The principles enshrined in the Regulation are considered to be clear legal requirements, which controller and processor must follow when controling and / or processing personal data. Regulation sets for data controllers binding guidelines for managing data in accordance with established principles, and each controller is required to define it in activity records. In this way, the responsibility of data controllers for the rights of data subjects is reinforced and the involvement of the data protection supervisory authority in the daily routine of data processing is reduced. The Regulation attaches a significant role to the Data protection officer throughout the entire data management system. The Data protection officer, in accordance with his mandate and assigned functions, shall be considered as a person who will not only be required to help data controllers and processors properly enforce data protection requirements but also act as an intermediary between data subjects, data controllers or processors and the data protection supervisory institution.

У статті досліджено харизму провідного українського музиканта, лідера групи"Скрябін" Андрія Кузьменка (1968–2015), його місце і роль у сучасній українській музичній культурі. Харизматичне лідерство митця розглянуто в контексті громадсько-політичної та соціокультурної ситуації в Україні кінця ХХ – початку ХХІ століття. Охарактеризовано феномен харизми Кузьми як систему, що складається із: 1) психологічних та фізичних особистих якостей, рис, здібностей і можливостей; 2) іміджу лідера; 3) комунікативних аспектів впливу; 4) мотивації лідера. ; In this article we investigate charisma of the famous Ukrainian singer, writer, producer, actor, leader of the group "Skriabin", a legend of Ukrainian rock Andriу Kuzmenko (pseudonym – Andriу Skriabin, 1968–2015), his place and role in the modern Ukrainian musical culture. This article interprets charisma as unusual quality of personality, thanks to which this personality is recognized as supernatural, superhuman and specific with particular forces and virtue, too difficult for other people.Significant growth of the interest of scientists to charismatic leadership is caused by the modern crisis phenomena in social, cultural and artistic life of Ukraine. Charismatic personalities of artists-musicians, capable of leading, become a guideline to young people in a search of their place in life, in their occupational choice, in a determination of national and cultural identity. In this connection, the analysis of charisma of Andriу Kuzmenko, a legend of our modern culture, is very actual.In the studying of the formation and establishment of charismatic leadership of Andriу Kuzmenko we used an approach, proposed by G. Stаrоvoytova, who considers a contextual component of charisma and personality of the leader. Memoir literature of the artist, his literary (prose and poetry) and music compositions, social and political journalism served as a source material for complex analysis of charisma phenomena of Andriу Kuzmenko.The personality of charismatic leaders, to which the artist belonged, is multidimensional and is not subject to any simple linear description. To comprehend this phenomenon, special facts of Andriу's biography have been analyzed to consider legitimate his leadership and its establishment (music self-education, music self-development). A charismatic person consider themselves independent and demonstrate their independence. Andriу Kuzmenko was a person with internalliberty.Charismatic leadership of the artist has been examined in the context of civil and political, social and cultural situation in Ukraine and in the world of the end of XX – the beginning of XXI centuries, influence of the western music on preferences and tastes, change of style vectors of musician's creative work from pop-music to rock.Charismatic phenomenon of Andriу Kuzmenko has been characterized as a system, composed of 1) psychological and physical personal qualities, features, abilities and opportunities, 2) leader's image (appearance, non-standard behavior, special forms of communication) and elusive, mysterious element which can be called as "unusual energy, aura, strange magnetism"; 3) communicative aspects of influence (skills of communication, interaction with people, ways of influence on them, oratorical skills, charismatic leader as a destroyer of customs and creator of rituals); 4) leader's motivations (pragmatic, metaphysic, missioner motives, missions). Kuzma's mission was to bear truth in his songs. Kuzma was doing what he personally could do to change the world, he has made his creative activity an instrument; he began to speak to people in their own language, to fight with his songs and his actions for modernized Ukraine.Andriу Kuzmenko, being a creative person, opened himself as a singer, writer, show-man, actor, producer, manager. The key of this personality phenomenon lies in his integral universal personality; he was a wise philosopher, deep psychologist, sensitive to beauty of the Universe.

У статті досліджено харизму провідного українського музиканта, лідера групи"Скрябін" Андрія Кузьменка (1968–2015), його місце і роль у сучасній українській музичній культурі. Харизматичне лідерство митця розглянуто в контексті громадсько-політичної та соціокультурної ситуації в Україні кінця ХХ – початку ХХІ століття. Охарактеризовано феномен харизми Кузьми як систему, що складається із: 1) психологічних та фізичних особистих якостей, рис, здібностей і можливостей; 2) іміджу лідера; 3) комунікативних аспектів впливу; 4) мотивації лідера. ; In this article we investigate charisma of the famous Ukrainian singer, writer, producer, actor, leader of the group "Skriabin", a legend of Ukrainian rock Andriу Kuzmenko (pseudonym – Andriу Skriabin, 1968–2015), his place and role in the modern Ukrainian musical culture. This article interprets charisma as unusual quality of personality, thanks to which this personality is recognized as supernatural, superhuman and specific with particular forces and virtue, too difficult for other people.Significant growth of the interest of scientists to charismatic leadership is caused by the modern crisis phenomena in social, cultural and artistic life of Ukraine. Charismatic personalities of artists-musicians, capable of leading, become a guideline to young people in a search of their place in life, in their occupational choice, in a determination of national and cultural identity. In this connection, the analysis of charisma of Andriу Kuzmenko, a legend of our modern culture, is very actual.In the studying of the formation and establishment of charismatic leadership of Andriу Kuzmenko we used an approach, proposed by G. Stаrоvoytova, who considers a contextual component of charisma and personality of the leader. Memoir literature of the artist, his literary (prose and poetry) and music compositions, social and political journalism served as a source material for complex analysis of charisma phenomena of Andriу Kuzmenko.The personality of charismatic leaders, to which the artist belonged, is multidimensional and is not subject to any simple linear description. To comprehend this phenomenon, special facts of Andriу's biography have been analyzed to consider legitimate his leadership and its establishment (music self-education, music self-development). A charismatic person consider themselves independent and demonstrate their independence. Andriу Kuzmenko was a person with internalliberty.Charismatic leadership of the artist has been examined in the context of civil and political, social and cultural situation in Ukraine and in the world of the end of XX – the beginning of XXI centuries, influence of the western music on preferences and tastes, change of style vectors of musician's creative work from pop-music to rock.Charismatic phenomenon of Andriу Kuzmenko has been characterized as a system, composed of 1) psychological and physical personal qualities, features, abilities and opportunities, 2) leader's image (appearance, non-standard behavior, special forms of communication) and elusive, mysterious element which can be called as "unusual energy, aura, strange magnetism"; 3) communicative aspects of influence (skills of communication, interaction with people, ways of influence on them, oratorical skills, charismatic leader as a destroyer of customs and creator of rituals); 4) leader's motivations (pragmatic, metaphysic, missioner motives, missions). Kuzma's mission was to bear truth in his songs. Kuzma was doing what he personally could do to change the world, he has made his creative activity an instrument; he began to speak to people in their own language, to fight with his songs and his actions for modernized Ukraine.Andriу Kuzmenko, being a creative person, opened himself as a singer, writer, show-man, actor, producer, manager. The key of this personality phenomenon lies in his integral universal personality; he was a wise philosopher, deep psychologist, sensitive to beauty of the Universe.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine green logistic activities by three axes (financial economic, social and environment activities) and how these activities affect on sustainable monetary expansion indicators as an evidence of Sultanate of Oman. Design/methodology/approach: This study began by definition elements of logistic green and how evolution of this concept in recent years. This concept analyzed after survey of previous studies on green logistic. The independent variables of green logistic are includes of three components of financial economic, social and environment and applies these components to clarify the impact on expansionary monetary policy indicators ( broad, narrow and reserve money ) as a important signals in determining a country's economy. This study used data published in statistical annual report of central bank of Oman as representative of country economic of sultanate of Oman from the period 2008 to 2015. Findings: The results found two variables of government support to electricity sector (GSE) and subsidy on soft loans to private sector and housing (SSLPH) based on environment activities are statistical significant 1% and 5%. Only one variable of transport and communication (TC) in financial economic activates is statistical significant at 1% and 5% , but all variables community, social and personal (CSP) , cultural and religious affairs (CRA) and social security and welfare (SSW) in social activities are statistical significant at 1% 5% and 10% , finally , also the multiple regression test run of all variables of green logistics activities and each monetary expansion indicators and found there are a statistical significant at 1% and 5%, .The study recommends that should be attention with financial economic activities as a quantitative standard contributes to build the green logistic by diagnosed the priorities and existing economic and financial system that contributes of sustainable development system in the country's economy also activating the industrial sectors by reducing operating costs and improving the quality of service provided to customers as an indicator of social activities to building green logistic and increase corporate awareness about an environmental variables and behavior of consumers to establish financial and economic system based on green logistical concept. Research limitations The available data in statistical annual report of Oman is limited, which limited of the period and all variables of the study. Practical implications: The management of firms should be adopting of green logistic operations by comparing the results of these concepts with competitors in the market for concentrated position of these firms in the market. Also this concept of green logistic helps firms to build an intellectual model that's contributes to enhance the value-added. The results of this study enhance the stability of monastery policy indicators that's reflecting of growth economic. Social implications: Green logistic is presenting a behavior role on the firm's and country performance and determines the trends and attitudes of future growth of firms especially in environment indicator. Originality/value: This study aims to analysis the green logistic in the financial economic, social and environment that's reflect more variations especially as they affected by changes of global markets, particularly with respect to the oil price, which is the main source of revenue for the Sultanate of Oman as the green logistic is one of the modern concepts is influencing the construction of corporate strategies to build economic plans of the country. Also this study has supplied researcher's conceptual framework to explain the green logistic in preparation for many future studies to examine the elements of green logistic.