Suchergebnisse

This is an account of theoretical and applied statistical work done in connection with the problem how to determine a safe height for the sea dikes in the Netherlands

AbstractA continuous time stationary process is discussed that is maxautoregressive in one direction of time and sum–autoregressive in the other direction. A discrete time version of the process was discussed in Chemick (1981). A related continuous time process is discussed in Weiss (1980).

We compare various estimators for the index of distribution functions with regularly varying tails by calculating their asymptotic mean squared errors after choosing the optimal number of upper order statistics involved (which is different for different estimators).

DOES THE WORLD ECONOMY ENCOMPASS THE REMOTE CORNERS OF THE THIRD WORLD? IF IT DOES, WHEN DID THESE AREAS BECOME INCORPORATED INTO THE WORLD ECONOMY? WHEREAS BY 1919 TOGO HAD HARDLY ANY ECONOMIC CONTACTS WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD, THE IMPACT WHICH THE GREAT DEPRESSION HAD ON IT SERVES AS EVIDENCE THAT ONLY 10 YEARS LATER THIS RURAL PERIPHERY HAD LOST PART OF ITS FORMER ISOLATED, SELF-SUFFICIENT EXISTENCE. SINCE THEN, CAPITALIST PENETRATION HAS MADE FURTHER INROADS INTO THE AREA. TODAY'S WORLD ECONOMY DOES APPEAR TO BE ONE GLOBE-SPANNING, INTERDEPENDENT SYSTEM.

Aim: There has been a striking increase in the number of compulsory admission proceedings in the Netherlands since 1992, to such an extent that treatment in Amsterdam's psychiatric clinics is in danger of being dominated by coercive treatment. Our aim was to establish a picture of the changes in emergency psychiatry that have contributed to the increase in the number of acute compulsory admissions. Methods: A cohort ( N = 460) of psychiatric emergency consultations with the city crisis service in 1983 was compared with a similar cohort ( N = 436) in 2004—2005. The study focused on the following variables: patient characteristics, crisis-service procedures and consultation outcomes. Results: Compared with 1983, there are now more services involved in crisis support in the public domain for psychiatric patients. The number of patients referred by the police has risen from 29% to 63%. In 1983, all consultations took place where the patients were located; at present, 60% take place at the crisis service premises. The number of psychotic patients in the cohort has increased from 52.0% and 63.3 %. There has been an increase in the proportion of compulsory admissions and a sharp decrease in the proportion of voluntary admissions from 61% to 28% of all admissions. Overall, the percentage of consultations leading to a psychiatric admission has fallen from 42% to 27%. Conclusion: The front-line outreach service of 1983 has changed into a specialist psychiatric emergency department with a less pronounced outreach component. Voluntary admissions to psychiatric hospitals have almost disappeared as a feature of the crisis service.