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"This book presents a methodology for visualizing large scientific domains. Authors Moya-Anegón and Vargas-Queseda create science maps, so-called ""scientograms"", based on the interactions between authors and their papers through citations and co-citations, using approaches such as domain analysis, social networks, cluster analysis and pathfinder networks. The resulting scientograms offer manifold possibilities."

Vargas-Quesada, Benjamín, Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Zaida, Rodríguez, Noel. (2017). Identification and Visualization of the Intellectual Structure in Graphene Research. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, DOI:10.3389/frma.2017.00007 ; Since the discovery of the promising properties of graphene, research in the field has attracted numerous grants and sponsors, leading to an exponential rise in the number of papers and applications. This article presents a global map of graphene research and its intellectual structure, drawn using the terms of more than 50,000 documents extracted from Scopus database, years 1998–2015. The unit of analysis consisted of descriptors (including Author Keywords and Indexed Keywords), with the co-occurrence of descriptor as the unit of measure, using fractional counting. The main research lines identified are: Fundamental Research, Functionalization and Biomedical Applications, Technology and Devices, Materials Science, Energy Storage, Optics and Chemical Properties and Sensors. Using overlay maps, we depict the graphene research efforts of the United States, the European Union (Europe-28), and China, and project their evolution through longitudinal maps to facilitate comparison. The United States was initially at the head of world output in graphene research but was surpassed by China in 2011 and by Europe in 2014, as a result of their respective scientific policies and financial support. The output of China has since been so intense that it can be said to mark graphene research trends. We believe this information may be valuable for the core community involved in this scientific field, as it offers a large-scale analysis showing how research has changed over time. It is therefore also helpful for policymakers and research planners. The resulting maps are a useful and attractive tool for the graphene research community, as they reveal the main lines of exploration at a glance. The methodology described here could be re-created in any other field of science to uncover and display its intellectual structure and evolution over time. ; Projects I + D + I, State Program of Research, Development, and Innovation oriented to the Challenges of the Society: NANOMETRICS (Ref. CSO2014-57770-R) Supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain. ; Peer reviewed

Little research has been carried out on the presence of the Arab countries on the Internet, which goes to prove that the presence of the Arab world in the Web in general and of these countries' universities, in particular, is still at an emergent stage. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the presence of the aforementioned countries on the Internet in 2009 by the application of two types of indicators: technological indicators, which reveal the development of each country and the general evolution of Arab States; and webometric indicators, which allow to ascertain the presence and quality of the universities of the Arab world on the Internet. In particular, the countries under analysis herein are those in the Middle East and North Africa (i.e. the MENA region) and the websites of their universities. The findings and conclusions of this research project reveal that, although the financial situation of the countries is an influential factor in explaining their presence on the Web and the quality of their universities, this element must not be considered isolated, as other factors, such as population and the social, political or cultural opening of these countries, also have an impact on them. Furthermore, in the last years there has been an overall positive evolution of Arab States in respect of their technology. ; Apenas existen investigaciones sobre los países árabes en Internet, por lo que la presencia del mundo árabe en la Web, en general, y de sus universidades, en particular, aún está por descubrir. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la presencia de dichos países en Internet aplicando dos tipos de indicadores: tecnológicos, que reflejen la situación detallada de cada país y la evolución general sufrida por el conjunto de los Estados Árabes; y webmétricos de análisis de características, que muestren la presencia y calidad de las universidades del mundo árabe en Internet. En concreto, se analizan los países árabes y los sitios web de las universidades de Oriente Medio y Norte de África (Zona MENA). Los resultados obtenidos y las conclusiones derivadas al respecto demuestran que, si bien el factor económico de los países influye en la presencia de los mismos en la Red y en la calidad de sus universidades, no debe analizarse de forma aislada puesto que otros factores como la población y la apertura sociopolítica o cultural de los países también repercuten en su presencia en Internet. Así mismo, en los últimos años, se ha observado una evolución general positiva de los Estados Árabes con respecto a su tecnología.

Peer reviewed ; This work analyses the area of materials science. Materials science has existed since the earliest civilizations. The development and evolution of societies has been intimately linked to the ability of their members to produce and shape materials to meet their needs. However, materials science has only recently been established as a recognised academic discipline, a consequence of the agglomeration of different areas of science. The citation habits and scientograms associated with this fi eld could therefore be related to the scientific tradition and culture of each country. In this study, the citation networks of six of the most developed countries in the year 2002 were examined using a new technique that graphically represents these networks as scientograms. The technique makes use of cocitation between topic categories of the JCR to generate a network of categories which is graphically represented. The scientograms obtained, which represent the citation networks of each country examined, refl ect the cultures of the different nations studied. ; 20 páginas, 6 figuras, 1 tabla. En este trabajo se analiza la clase Ciencia de los Materiales presente desde las civilizaciones más antiguas ya que el desarrollo y la evolución de las sociedades siempre han estado íntimamente vinculados a la capacidad que han tenido sus miembros para producir y conformar los materiales necesarios para satisfacer sus necesidades, pero como disciplina se ha establecido de manera muy reciente por la aglomeración de distintas categorías científicas pertenecientes a otras áreas. Por los que los hábitos de citación y los scientogramas podrían estar relacionados con la tradición y cultura de la ciencia existente en cada país en el año estudiado. Para realizar el estudio hemos utilizado las redes de citación de seis de los países más desarrollados en el año 2002, utilizando una técnica novedosa que las representa gráfi camente mediante unos gráfi cos denominados scientogramas. Esta técnica utiliza la cocitación entre categorías ...

Perianes-Rodríguez, A., Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z., Vargas-Quesada, B., Olmeda-Gómez, C., Moya-Anegón, F. Synthetic hybrid indicators based on scientific collaboration to quantify and evaluate individual research results. Journal of Informetrics, 3 (2): 91-101, April 2009. ISSN: 1751-1577 DOI:10.1016/j.joi.2008.12.001 ; Governmental initiatives around scientific policy have progressively raised collaboration to priority status. In this context, a need has arisen to broaden the traditional approach to the analysis and study of research results by descending to the group or even the individual scale and supplementing the output-, productivity-, visibility- and impact-based focus with new measures that emphasize collaboration from the vantage of structural analysis. To this end, the present paper proposes new hybrid indicators for the analysis and evaluation of individual research results, popularity and prestige, that combine bibliometric and structural aspects. A case study was conducted of the nine most productive departments in Carlos III University of Madrid. The findings showed hybridization to be a tool sensitive to traditional indicators, but also to the new demands of modern science as a self-organized system of interaction among individuals, furnishing information on researchers' environments and the behavior and attitudes adopted within those environments. ; Peer reviewed