Suchergebnisse

[ES] Legal, political, administrative and ultimately social transformations bring about changes in the productive structures of states, regions and territories. The following describes how these transformations have affected and affect the area of cultural heritage. In particular, the emphasis is placed on the archaeological sector and its commercial aspect, a niche market emerging in the 1990s, which is based on the legislative process in this area and has had significant consequences for the management of Spain's assets. This process of valorisation and productive dynamisation, which is the result of a series of legal and administrative changes, is characterised in this work as a social innovation. This phenomenon is studied through the collection of information on this sector, which is the result of a major effort to document, due to the lack of data sources, and the first survey of archaeology companies. ; Peer reviewed ; [ES] Legal, political, administrative and ultimately social transformations bring about changes in the productive structures of states, regions and territories. The following describes how these transformations have affected and affect the area of cultural heritage. In particular, the emphasis is placed on the archaeological sector and its commercial aspect, a niche market emerging in the 1990s, which is based on the legislative process in this area and has had significant consequences for the management of Spain's assets. This process of valorisation and productive dynamisation, which is the result of a series of legal and administrative changes, is characterised in this work as a social innovation. This phenomenon is studied through the collection of information on this sector, which is the result of a major effort to document, due to the lack of data sources, and the first survey of archaeology companies. ; [EN] Legal, political, management and social change has consequences in the productive structures of states, regions and territories.This article describes how these transformations ...

[ES] Las transformaciones legales, políticas, administrativas y, en definitiva, sociales generan cambios en las estructuras productivas de los estados, regiones y territorios. A continuación se describe cómo estas transformaciones han afectado y afectan al ámbito del patrimonio cultural. Concretamente, se pone el énfasis en el sector arqueológico y en su vertiente comercial, un nicho de mercado que emerge en la década de los noventa del siglo xx, rsultado del proceso legislador en esta materia y que ha tenido importantes consecuencias para la gestión patrimonial en España. Este proceso de valorización y de dinamización productiva, resultado de una serie de transformaciones legales y administrativas, es caracterizado en este trabajo como una innovación social. Este fenómeno es estudiado a través de la recopilación de información sobre este sector, resultado de un importante esfuerzo de documentación,debido a la ausencia de fuentes de datos, y de la realización de la primera encuesta dirigida a empresas de arqueología. ; [EN] Legal, political, management and social change has consequences in the productive structures of states, regions and territories.This article describes how these transformations have affected and are affecting the cultural heritage. Specifically, it emphasizes the archaeological sector and its productive environment, a new business activity which emerges in the nineties of the twentieth century, as a result of a legislative process that had important consequences in the Spanish heritage management. The productive development process as a result of changes in the legal/management environment is characterized in this article as a social innovation. This phenomenon is studied through the collection of information about this sector. The gathering of information about this activity is the result of an important documentation effort, due to the absence of data sources, based on the first survey of archaeological firms, which allowed the description of this sector. ; Peer reviewed

La segunda edición del trabajo La vid y el vino en el Cono Sur de América Argentina y Chile (1545-2019). Aspectos políticos, económicos, sociales, culturales y enológicos (Mendoza, 2019) del historiador chileno Pablo Lacoste, resulta un ensayo del más alto nivel que se configura como referente indiscutible en la historia socioeconómica de la vid y el vino en el Cono Sur. De amena lectura, la obra se estructura en cuatro capítulos y una conclusión, en la que se parte de la historia colonial para llegar al mismo 2019, examinando al detalle las distintas dinámicas de la viticultura del Cono Sur colonial español y, posteriormente, argentino y chileno. Trasluce al trabajo un inmenso volumen de datos e investigación bien sintetizados, que nos permite movernos con soltura desde la cultura material de la elaboración del vino, a los gustos vinícolas de los libertadores como San Martín y O'Higgins, el desarrollo industrial de las empresas argentinas y chilenas, el surgimiento de celebraciones turísticas alrededor del vino, y el incipiente retorno a la identidad vinícola, que cierra el libro a la perfección al ensamblar la viticultura colonial y su intento de recuperación más actual. ; The second edition of the work La vid y el vino en el Cono Sur de América Argentina y Chile (1545-2019). Los aspectos políticos, económicos, sociales, culturales y enológicos (Mendoza, 2019) of the Chilean historian Pablo Lacoste, is an essay of the highest level that is configured as an indisputable reference in the socioeconomic history of the vine and wine in the Southern Cone. Of enjoyable reading, the work is structured in four chapters and a conclusion, which starts from the colonial history to reach the same 2019, examining in detail the different dynamics of the viticulture of the Spanish colonial Southern Cone and, later, Argentine and Chilean. The book shows an immense volume of well-synthesized data and research, which allows us to move with ease from the material culture of winemaking, to the wine tastes of liberators such as San Martín and O'Higgins, the industrial development of companies both Argentine and Chilean, the emergence of tourist celebrations around wine, and the incipient return to the wine identity, which closes the book perfectly when joining colonial viticulture and its most current attempt at recovery.

[ES] Exploramos, en el presente artículo, el surgimiento y debate actual en torno al movimiento terroirista en España desde la perspectiva de los movimientos sociales y rurales. La transformación de la escena vitivinícola española se ha convertido en un fenómeno objeto de estudio desde el ámbito académico, político y social: España cuenta con la mayor superficie de viñedos del mundo, el mayor volumen de exportación y el precio medio de venta de litro de vino más barato. Además, carece de políticas de zonificación, lo que hace que España sea única entre los países tradicionalmente productores de vino ¿como Francia, Italia o Portugal. Sin embargo, un grupo de productores desafía el modelo vitícola industrial en España, afianzando redes en áreas rurales de todo el país y participando en acciones nacionales e internacionales con el objetivo de producir vinos de calidad y elevados precios, recuperando regiones tradicionalmente productivas, variedades de uva autóctonas y restableciendo la cultura del vino en España. Si bien el movimiento muestra tendencias elitistas, es radical en su desafío a grandes empresas, industrias y cooperativas: un poderoso lobby que influye en el actual sistema de gobernanza del sector basado en el sistema de Denominaciones de Origen. ; [EN] This article explores the emergence and current debate around the terroirist movement in Spain and the social movements behind it in rural areas. The transformationof the Spanish wine scene has become an objectof study in academic, political and social spheres. Spain boasts the largest vineyard area in the world and the largest export volume, but also the lower the average sale price of liter globally. In addition, it lacks zoning policies, which makes Spain unique among traditionally wine producing countries such as France, Italy or Portugal. However, a group of producers are challenging the industrial viticultural model in Spain, strengthening networks in rural areas throughout the country and participating in national and international actions with theaim of producing quality wines with high prices, recovering traditionally productive regions, autochthonous grape varieties, and restoring the wine culture in Spain. While can present elitist tendencies in some cases, it is radical in its challenge to large companies, industries and cooperatives, a powerful lobby that influences the current system of governance of the sector based on the system of appellations of origin

[ES] New production paradigms and consumption trends are questioning the establishment of wine in Spain; social transformations that require critical and analytical reflection on the part of the economy, anthropology, sociology and food in general, or at least this should be the case. Luis Gutiérrez, in his first book, introduced us into this debate, asking us what a gentleman who has produced throughout his life prestigious wines of Jerez, with the son of a masonry who has been working for more than a decade for a large industrial winery, but who spent his salary on buying small parcels of old vines in his village to avoid abandonment. Or what these people have in common with a group of university friends who decide to set up a wine consultant and produce the most innovative wines in their territories. This reading brings us into different trajectories of a heterogeneous group of people, whose lives have a common thread: a new generation of producers that is revolutionising the Spanish wine sector. ; 143 147 17 2 ; [ES] New production paradigms and consumption trends are questioning the establishment of wine in Spain; social transformations that require critical and analytical reflection on the part of the economy, anthropology, sociology and food in general, or at least this should be the case. Luis Gutiérrez, in his first book, introduced us into this debate, asking us what a gentleman who has produced throughout his life prestigious wines of Jerez, with the son of a masonry who has been working for more than a decade for a large industrial winery, but who spent his salary on buying small parcels of old vines in his village to avoid abandonment. Or what these people have in common with a group of university friends who decide to set up a wine consultant and produce the most innovative wines in their territories. This reading brings us into different trajectories of a heterogeneous group of people, whose lives have a common thread: a new generation of producers that is revolutionising the Spanish wine sector. ...

Peer reviewed ; 24 páginas ; [EN] This paper attempts to diagnose the current situation of the model of preventive archaeology (defined here as Malta archaeology) ten years after the beginning of the global crisis. By defining its basic characteristics and how it works in this particular political and economic context, whilst also analysing the effects of the crisis, both in the structure and social dynamics of the sector, we examine its evolution and development from a self-critical point of view and propose the need for a change in the model. The new model, which we define as applied archaeology, should aspire to being radically sustainable and participative, assuming the achievements brought about by Malta archaeology in terms of management mechanisms and the socialization of heritage but opening up its field of action and integrating advances and the shift derived from the growing importance of critical studies of heritage and approaches to public archaeology [ES] Este artículo trata de diagnosticar la situación actual del modelo de arqueología preventiva (definido aquí como arqueología de Malta) diez años después del inicio de la crisis global. Definiendo sus características básicas y como funciona en este contexto político y económico, a la vez que analizando los efectos de la crisis, tanto estructurales como en las dinámicas del sector, se examina su evolución y desarrollo desde una perspectiva autocrítica y se propone un cambio de modelo. El nuevo modelo, que definimos como arqueología aplicada, debe aspirar a ser radicalmente sostenible y participativo, asumiendo los logros conseguidos por la arqueología de Malta en lo que se refiere a los mecanismos de gestión y socialización del patrimonio, pero abriendo su campo de acción y asumiendo los avances de los estudios críticos del patrimonio y la arqueología pública.

24 páginas ; [EN] This paper attempts to diagnose the current situation of the model of preventive archaeology (defined here as Malta archaeology) ten years after the beginning of the global crisis. By defining its basic characteristics and how it works in this particular political and economic context, whilst also analysing the effects of the crisis, both in the structure and social dynamics of the sector, we examine its evolution and development from a self-critical point of view and propose the need for a change in the model. The new model, which we define as applied archaeology, should aspire to being radically sustainable and participative, assuming the achievements brought about by Malta archaeology in terms of management mechanisms and the socialization of heritage but opening up its field of action and integrating advances and the shift derived from the growing importance of critical studies of heritage and approaches to public archaeology [ES] Este artículo trata de diagnosticar la situación actual del modelo de arqueología preventiva (definido aquí como arqueología de Malta) diez años después del inicio de la crisis global. Definiendo sus características básicas y como funciona en este contexto político y económico, a la vez que analizando los efectos de la crisis, tanto estructurales como en las dinámicas del sector, se examina su evolución y desarrollo desde una perspectiva autocrítica y se propone un cambio de modelo. El nuevo modelo, que definimos como arqueología aplicada, debe aspirar a ser radicalmente sostenible y participativo, asumiendo los logros conseguidos por la arqueología de Malta en lo que se refiere a los mecanismos de gestión y socialización del patrimonio, pero abriendo su campo de acción y asumiendo los avances de los estudios críticos del patrimonio y la arqueología pública. ; Peer reviewed

This paper attempts to diagnose the current situation of the model of preventive archaeology (defined here as Malta archaeology) ten years after the beginning of the global crisis. By defining its basic characteristics and how it works in this particular political and economic context, whilst also analysing the effects of the crisis, both in the structure and social dynamics of the sector, we examine its evolution and development from a self-critical point of view and propose the need for a change in the model. The new model, which we define as applied archaeology, should aspire to being radically sustainable and participative, assuming the achievements brought about by Malta archaeology in terms of management mechanisms and the socialization of heritage but opening up its field of action and integrating advances and the shift derived from the growing importance of critical studies of heritage and approaches to public archaeology. ; Este artículo trata de diagnosticar la situación actual del modelo de arqueología preventiva (definido aquí como arqueología de Malta) diez años después del inicio de la crisis global. Definiendo sus características básicas y como funciona en este contexto político y económico, a la vez que analizando los efectos de la crisis, tanto estructurales como en las dinámicas del sector, se examina su evolución y desarrollo desde una perspectiva autocrítica y se propone un cambio de modelo. El nuevo modelo, que definimos como arqueología aplicada, debe aspirar a ser radicalmente sostenible y participativo, asumiendo los logros conseguidos por la arqueología de Malta en lo que se refiere a los mecanismos de gestión y socialización del patrimonio, pero abriendo su campo de acción y asumiendo los avances de los estudios críticos del patrimonio y la arqueología pública.

Peer Reviewed ; A significant portion of the agricultural food sector today is geared towards developing sustainable and organically based products, contributing to a widely acknowledged 'quality turn' in food markets (Goodman 2004). Organic viticulture is booming worldwide, having increased threefold between 2004 and 2015 (Willer and Lernoud 2016). Consumers are willing to pay a premium for wines deriving from organic vineyards in the belief that they are healthier, tastier, and of higher quality, although the differences between organic, biodynamic, or sulfite free wines remains confusing for many (Amato et al. 2017). In exploring this paradigm shift, current research addresses the question of how organic wines can provide increased value given the lack of clarity about the full list of ingredient and qualities (Krzywoszynska 2015; Delmas et al. 2016). This question is fundamental to understanding the process of assessing qualities and singularities in the commercialization of wine, a central debate in the interaction between nature and culture pervading most scholarship on wine (e.g., Bourdieu 1984; Charters 2006; Smith 2006). The breadth of supply and the democratization of consumption in an 'age of omnivorousness' encourages the need to empirically establish the specifics and logics of differentiation in the wine market (Maguire 2016). Empirical studies demonstrate that standardized wines in saturated, mature, global markets fail to satisfy a group of consumers who are looking for a differentiated product and willing to pay for it (Aylward 2008, 2011). Consumers are willing to pay for organic wines even though some of them are rejected by the various quality control systems established by geographical indications of origin and other certification bodies, or in spite of their variability in flavor due to low levels of sulfur dioxide, an antioxidant that favors their stability and conservation (Teil 2013). ; This work was supported by the Grupo de EstudiosTerritoriales (Universida de da Coruña), ...

Estudios recientes señalan la importancia de las fuentes externas de conocimiento como estrategia para innovar. La evidencia empírica se fundamenta en encuestas nacionales y en industrias específicas. El presente estudio contribuye al análisis de las estrategias de incorporación de conocimiento externo mediante un caso de estudio y en un momento concreto: el sector arqueológico español y su emergencia como nueva actividad económica. Los resultados muestran que las fuentes de conocimiento externo implican diversos mecanismos, agentes y dos estrategias principalmente: cooperar y adquirir conocimiento. En un sector en expansión, basado en el conocimiento, que surge en un contexto incierto y cuyas fuentes de conocimiento están dispersas, el foco de la innovación puede encontrarse en las estrategias de búsqueda de conocimiento externo -cooperación y adquisición-, más que en fuentes internas.

This paper explores the transformation of heritage values from a critical perspective. The de-authorising conceptual shift in cultural heritage has not always been accompanied by a revitalisation of the dynamics of valorisation. To achieve the integration of multivocal discourses in sustainable preservation strategies, experts and academics need to work with methods that enable this to happen. This article presents a methodological analysis articulated through three different case studies that bring new experiences regarding the decolonisation of knowledge in the field of heritage values, addressing different aspects of the social dimension of cultural heritage. The first deals with contestation processes associated with productive winemaking traditions in the Rias Baixas, Galicia, Spain. The second case addresses the rebellious Paris of the Commune and the narratives associated with the valorisation of the traces that it has left in the city's landscape. Finally, the third case analyses the values that come into play when citizens' participation governs the transformation of an archaeological site in Barcelona. To conclude, we reflect on the idea of sustainability as a way of listening to, sharing and co-creating knowledge connected to communities. ; This research was funded by different projects and institutions. From the University of Barcelona, it was funded by the project entitled Curating Sustainable URBAn Transformations through HERItage (CURBATHERI-DeepCities) Horizon 2020 JPICH—Conservation and Protection Call. Ref. No 699523, PCI2020 112069/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. This paper was also supported by the Spanish Plan for Innovation, Technical and Scientific Research 2017–2020—Ramón & Cajal Ref. RYC2018-024025-I. The Paris Commune case study was funded by the NEARCH Project (New ways of Engaging audiences, Activating societal relations and Renewing practices in Cultural Heritage, 2013–2018, Culture Programme 2007–2013). NEARCH (http://www.nearch.eu, accessed on 8 November 2021) was funded with the support of the European Commission. This publication only reflects the views of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. ; Peer reviewed

The organic wine market is rapidly growing worldwide, both in terms of production and consumption. However, the scientific literature is not conclusive regarding differences in the elemental composition of wines according to their production method, including both major and trace elements. Minerals can be present in wine as a result of both anthropogenic and environmental factors. To date, this has not been evaluated in volcanic contexts, neither has the emergent issue of rare earths and other minority elements as potential sources of food contamination. This study using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analyses organic and conventional wines produced in the Canary Islands (Spain), an archipelago of volcanic origin, to compare their content of 49 elements, including rare earths and minority elements. Our results showed that organic wines presented lower potential toxic element content on average than their conventional counterparts, but differences were not significant. Geographical origin of the wine samples (island) was the only significant variable differentiating wine samples by their composition profiles. By comparing our data with the literature, no agreement was found in terms of differences between organic and conventionally-produced wines. This confirms that other factors prevail over elemental composition when considering differences between wine production methods. Regarding the toxicological profile of the wines, five samples (three organic and two conventional) exceeded the maximum limits established by international legislation. This highlights the need for stricter analytical monitoring in the Canary Islands, with a particular focus on Cu and Ni concentration, and potentially in other volcanic areas. ; This paper was funded by the Cabildo de Tenerife (supported by the TFinnova Programme - MEDI and FDCAN) and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación of Spain, RYC2018- 024025-I. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. ; Peer reviewed