Suchergebnisse

Introduction: The microbiological qualification of blood donations has made great progress in terms of infectious risk. The use of new technologies and methods in transfusion has been an element of reflection as a new approach to search for viruses in blood donations, which has contributed to the improvement of the quality of screening and transfusion safety. The objective of our work was to evaluate the microbiological qualification techniques of blood donation at the Blood Transfusion Center (BTC) of the Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech (AMH) in comparison with what is done nationally and internationally. Materiels and Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive, comparative and evaluative study of 8221 blood donations collected at the BTC (old and new) of the AMH of Marrakesh, carried out over a five-year period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Results: The prevalence of serological markers of hepatitis B is 0.28% that of hepatitis C is 0.17%, that of HIV is 0.09%, and that of syphilis is 0.40%. The screening of hepatitis B, C and HIV viruses at the BTC of the Avicenne Military Hospital of Marrakech, is carried out by the ELISA technique (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in sandwich and combined of 4th generation, automated on EVOLIS "Twin plus".Syphilis screening is based on the hemagglutination technique by the TPHA test. The control of positive and doubtful cases is carried out using the chemiluminescence technique (CLIA) in the virology department. Conclusion: The acquisition of new screening techniques in our laboratory has become a necessity due to the development of new screening methods in recent years that are more sensitive and specific, such as the introduction of viral genomic screening (VGS) into the routine of viral screening tests.

Introduction: Hematological abnormalities are common in people with HIV infection. These abnormalities may be due to HIV infection itself, opportunistic infections, HIV-related malignancies, or secondary to the treatments used in HIV infection. Material and method: We report a retrospective study spread over a period of 3 years, relating to patients whose haematological assessment was sent to the laboratory of the Avicenne military hospital in Marrakech. We included in this study, all HIV-positive patients. Excluded were HIV-positive patients for whom the myelogram was not requested. Results: 20 HIV positive patients whose myelogram was sent to the hematology laboratory. The average age was 37.46 years. The sex ratio was 0.5. Anemia was observed in 80% of patients. The most predominant type of anemia was normochromic normocytic anemia, found in 42% of cases. The total number of leukocytes ranged from 1,500 to 19,000 cells / mm3. The number of platelets varied from 20,000 to 500,000 / mm3. The blood smear was performed in all of our patients and who showed globular abnormalities. 2 smears had revealed the presence of lymphoblasts. The myelogram showed images of activated macrophages without hemophagocytosis in 25% of the cases, a macrophagic activation syndrome in 20% of the patients and an acute lymphoblastic leukemia type Burkitt in 10% of the marrow. The bone marrow was mostly reactive (45%). Conclusion: Haematological manifestations are frequent in patients infected with HIV. These abnormalities must be managed to reduce the patient's morbidity.

Introduction: Hemoglobinopathies (HbP), defined by the presence of qualitative and/or quantitative abnormalities in globin chains, are among the most common genetic diseases in the world. The objective of this work is to shed light on cases of hemoglobinopathies study their epidemiological characteristics, discuss their clinical, hematological and biochemical pictures. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study of 84 cases of hemoglobinopathies, carried out over a 6-year period from November 2011 to November 2017 in the hematology and biochemistry laboratory of the Avicenna military hospital in Marrakech. A report on epidemiological, clinical and biological data. The Hemoglobin (Hb) study included hematological (CBC and blood smear) and biochemical (Hb capillary electrophoresis, HPLC, martial and hemolysis tests) tests. Results: Patients came from different regions of Morocco, all ages combined (2 years to 79 years old), with a sex ratio of 2:1. 17.5% was found to be the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies (84 cases diagnosed among the 480 suspected HbP). The cases of hemoglobinopathies collected were: Minor thalassemia (75%), sickle cell disease (10%), hemoglobinosis C (12%), O-Arab hemoglobinosis (2%) and double S/C heterozygosity (1%). The phenotypes obtained were mainly heterozygous (92.9%). Conclusion: The study of hemoglobin requires a combination of several techniques and when interpreting the results, the biologist must have the clinical-biological data of the patients in order to make an accurate diagnosis.