Epidemiological, Clinical And Biological Profile Hemoglobinopathies: 6-Year Review

Abstract

Introduction: Hemoglobinopathies (HbP), defined by the presence of qualitative and/or quantitative abnormalities in globin chains, are among the most common genetic diseases in the world. The objective of this work is to shed light on cases of hemoglobinopathies study their epidemiological characteristics, discuss their clinical, hematological and biochemical pictures. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive study of 84 cases of hemoglobinopathies, carried out over a 6-year period from November 2011 to November 2017 in the hematology and biochemistry laboratory of the Avicenna military hospital in Marrakech. A report on epidemiological, clinical and biological data. The Hemoglobin (Hb) study included hematological (CBC and blood smear) and biochemical (Hb capillary electrophoresis, HPLC, martial and hemolysis tests) tests. Results: Patients came from different regions of Morocco, all ages combined (2 years to 79 years old), with a sex ratio of 2:1. 17.5% was found to be the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies (84 cases diagnosed among the 480 suspected HbP). The cases of hemoglobinopathies collected were: Minor thalassemia (75%), sickle cell disease (10%), hemoglobinosis C (12%), O-Arab hemoglobinosis (2%) and double S/C heterozygosity (1%). The phenotypes obtained were mainly heterozygous (92.9%). Conclusion: The study of hemoglobin requires a combination of several techniques and when interpreting the results, the biologist must have the clinical-biological data of the patients in order to make an accurate diagnosis.