Suchergebnisse

"Camilo Returns," by Javier Giraldo Moreno S.j, is an article/ fiction that served as a prologue for the book CAMILO - Visionary Messages, first published by the Memoria Histórica Project in February 2011 to commemorate the 45th anniversary of the birth of Father Camilo Torres Restrepo to social movements. This oneiric record tells the story of a meeting in which Father Javier invites Father Camilo to visit the beloved Colombia he fought so hard for, and thus replicate Father Camilo's messages to the different sectors of society. The story provides the historical background of the country through Father Camilo's voice and notes the validity of his messages that, presented by Father Giraldo as a discursive practice, are commented by a leader of each sector. The text connects the language in terms of praxis, the territories of critical political and artistic practices, unofficial history, the Theology of Liberation and the struggles for justice, revealing the links between them and presenting them as a vital resource to understand the urgency of implementing the peace agreement, signed in 2016 between the Colombian government and the FARC-EP. ; Camilo Regresa, de Javier Giraldo Moreno S.j, es un artículo/ ficción que sirvió de prólogo al libro "CAMILO - Mensajes visionarios", publicado por primera vez por el Proyecto Memoria Histórica en febrero de 2011 para conmemorar los 45 años del nacimiento del Padre Camilo Torres Restrepo a los movimientos sociales. Este registro onírico narra un encuentro en el que el Padre Javier invita al Padre Camilo a que visite la Colombia que tanto amó y por la que tanto luchó, para así reproducir los mensajes del Padre Camilo a los diversos sectores sociales. Este relato sitúa históricamente el panorama colombiano a través de la voz del Padre Camilo y señala la vigencia de sus mensajes que, presentados por el Padre Giraldo a modo de práctica discursiva, son comentados por algún líder de cada sector. Este texto conecta el lenguaje en términos de praxis, los territorios de las prácticas políticas y artísticas críticas, la historia no oficial, la Teología de la Liberación y las luchas por la justicia, haciendo visibles los nexos entre estas presentándolas como un recurso vital para entender la urgencia de la implementación del acuerdo de paz, firmado en 2016 entre el gobierno colombiano y las FARC-EP. ; "Camilo Retorna", de Javier Giraldo Moreno S.j, é um artigo/ ficção que serviu de prólogo para o livro CAMILO - Mensajes visionarios, publicado pela primeira vez pelo Projeto Memória Histórica em fevereiro de 2011 para comemorar o 45º aniversário do nascimento do Padre Camilo Torres Restrepo para os movimentos sociais. Este registro onírico fala de uma reunião em que o Padre Javier convida o Padre Camilo para visitar a Colômbia que ele tanto amava e pela qual tanto lutou para reproduzir assim as mensagens do Padre Camilo aos diferentes setores sociais. Esta história situa historicamente o panorama colombiano através da voz do Padre Camilo e aponta a validade de suas mensagens que, apresentadas pelo Padre Giraldo como uma prática discursiva, são comentadas por um líder de cada setor. O texto conecta a linguagem em termos de práxis, os territórios das práticas políticas e artísticas críticas, a história não oficial, a Teologia da Libertação e as lutas pela justiça, tornando visíveis os vínculos entre estes, apresentando-os como um recurso vital para entender a urgência da implementação do acordo de paz, que foi assinado em 2016 entre o governo da Colômbia e as FARC-EP.

Lensless microscopy requires the simplest possible configuration, as it uses only a light source, the sample and an image sensor. The smallest practical microscope is demonstrated here. In contrast to standard lensless microscopy, the object is located near the lighting source. Raster optical microscopy is applied by using a single-pixel detector and a microdisplay. Maximum resolution relies on reduced LED size and the position of the sample respect the microdisplay. Contrarily to other sort of digital lensless holographic microscopes, light backpropagation is not required to reconstruct the images of the sample. In a mm-high microscope, resolutions down to 800 nm have been demonstrated even when measuring with detectors as large as 138 μm × 138 μm, with field of view given by the display size. Dedicated technology would shorten measuring time. ; This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 737089 and from the Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Spanish State Research Agency and the European Regional Development Fund through project PID2019-105714RB-I00.

'Leaving no one behind' (LNOB) constitutes one of the core principles underpinning the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic approach to identify countries left behind in each dimension of human development and to estimate the extent to which certain countries are left behind in terms of overall human development. Following the current analytical framework for measuring the Human Development Index (HDI), we illustrate our proposal by measuring the degree to which a country was left behind in the years 2000 and 2018. In general, we find that the countries left furthest behind at the beginning of the century were those that most reduced gaps with respect to better performing countries. Nevertheless, we cannot clearly speak of convergence in HDI as there are notable exceptions, such as the Central African Republic, Liberia, Yemen, Haiti, and Venezuela, which despite the improvement in their HDI between 2000 and 2018, worryingly increased their gaps in human development relative to the rest of the world. The illustration highlights the significant advantages of measuring crosscounty human development using our fuzzy-based LNOB approach to provide new complementary measures consistent with the United Nations' moral imperative of leaving no country behind.

Innovate UK Smart Grant 37800; British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy BSAC-2018-0095, FRAME, Young European Research University Network Mobility Award, NC3Rs PhD Studentship NC/V001582/1; BBSRC New Investigator Award BB/V007823/1; Academy of Medical Sciences; Wellcome Trust; Government Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy; British Heart Foundation; Diabetes UK Springboard Award [SBF006\1040] ; Innovate UK (Development of clinically translatable therapies for the treatment and prevention of bacterial vaginosis).

This is publication No. 119 from the CEIMAR Publication Series. ; This work analyses and evaluates potential applications for several inorganic wastes and intermediate materials, called co-products, generated in the TiO2 pigment production industry through the sulphate method. For this purpose, a physical–chemical characterisation of the input materials (ilmenite and slag), wastes (sludge and red gypsum), and co-products (two ferrous sulphates, mono and hepta-hydrated) was carried out. In addition, because the TiO2 pigment production activity is a Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material industry, a radiological characterisation was also undertaken. The main objective was to gain basic information for the application (actual or potential) of these co-products and wastes in fields such as agriculture, construction, and civil engineering. For each specific application of these wastes and co-products, additional studies were carried out to evaluate their appropriateness with respect to technical properties and their health and environmental impact. The results obtained in this work have revealed several lines of research with potential commercial applications. ; This work has been partially supported by the Government of Andalusia through the project "Characterization and modelling of the phosphogypsum stacks from Huelva for their environmental management and control" (Ref.: P10-RNM-6300). PhD student M. Contreras would like to expresses his gratitude for the research contract granted him through The Fellowship Training Program of the University Teaching Staff; reference AP2010-2746, financed by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (MECD). ; Peer reviewed

7‐11 November 2010, Tenth International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, Glasgow, UK

Purpose of the studySecondary hyperparathyroidism (SH) is frequent in HIV‐infected patients. However, the causes and consequences are not well established. The aim of our study was to determine the relationship between parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D and bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV‐infected patients, and the effect of vitamin D replacement on PTH levels.MethodsProspective study of 506 patients with at least two sequential serum determinations of PTH and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels. In all cases, a bone dual X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed at inclusion. Hyperparathyroidism was defined as a PTH level above 65 pg/ml.Summary of resultsMean age was 44 yrs (24–78), and 75% were male. Mean BMI was 23.7 (17.97–33.11), and only 3% were of black race. Median nadir CD4+ was 200 cells/µL (9–499), and median time of HIV infection was 15.3 yrs (1.7–25.2). At inclusion, 488 patients (86%) were on HAART (31% TDF+PI, 44% TDF+NNRTI, 25% non‐TDF based regimen) for a median of 929.5 days (154–1969), and 40% were HCV‐coinfected. Median eGFR was 97.9 ml/min (62.14–134.08). Overall, mean serum PTH was 56.3 pg/mL (27.2–95.07). SH was observed in 27% of cases, with a marked influence of seasonality (from 44% in January to 10% in August). Mean levels of vitamin D were 17.45 ng/mL (7.6–40.78), with 16% below 10 ng/ml, 59%<20 ng/ml (deficiency), 85%<30 ng/ml (insufficiency). SH was related to vitamin D deficiency (relative risk, RR, 2.44), age (RR 1.04 per year), and a higher decrease in eGFR (RR 1.03 per ml/min), after adjustment by season, antiretroviral therapy, GFR at baseline, and HCV coinfection. DEXA scan showed 18% osteoporosis and 54% osteopenia, and there was an inverse correlation between PTH levels and T and Z score in femoral neck (r=−0.14, p<0.01), higher in those patients below 40 yrs. Vitamin D supplementation in 181 patients produced a significant decrease in serum PTH (57.2 if not treated vs 50.5 pg/ml, p=0.02, 23% continues with SH) and the only factor associated with lack of response was persistent vitamin D deficiency.ConclusionSH is relatively frequent in HIV patients, in close relation with vitamin D deficiency. It is associated with bone resorption, especially in the femoral neck. The use of vitamin D supplementation improves SH when levels above 20 ng/ml are achieved.

Purpose of the studyDual therapy with lamivudine plus a PI boosted with ritonavir (PI/r) could be an alternative to standard triple therapy or PI/r monotherapy as a simplification strategy in patients with toxicity to nucleoside analogues (NA).MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 44 HIV‐infected patients on suppressive HAART, with no chronic HBV, who simplified to this dual therapy since 2008. Virological and immunological outcome, lipids and renal changes were evaluated.Summary of resultsMean age was 50 years (38‐70), 66% were male, and the median time of HIV infection was 18.6 years. The median nadir CD4+ count was 150 cells/ml (2–407). At inclusion, patients were receiving therapy with lamivudine plus atazanavir/r in 5 cases, lopinavir/r in 12, and darunavir/r in 27, and they had an HIV RNA level<50 copies/ml for a median time of 794 days (129–2344, 90% >6 months). The NA discontinued was tenofovir (27), didanosine (12), AZT (3), and d4T (2). The reasons for changing were toxicity in 76% of cases, especially renal impairment. They had received a mean of 8 regimens before (2–20), and 55% were in CDC‐stage C. In 11 cases, history of resistance was available (to NA in 7 cases, including the 210W mutation in four). The mutations 184V was not observed, but four patients (9%) had a previous failure to therapy including 3tC. Mutations in the protease gene were observed in 8 patients (2 to 7 mutations, the most frequent 77I and 93L), without resistance to the current PI/r. During 62.8 patient‐years of follow‐up (median, 802 days), only 2 patients failed (4.5%), due to incomplete adherence, at 27 and 141 days. Of note, these two patients had no previous failed with 3tC or PI. Overall, CD4+ count increased for 55 cells/ml. No new adverse events were observed, but total cholesterol (from 180 to 246 mg/dl, p=0.007) and triglycerides (from 166 to 195, p=0.01) increased during the first 24 weeks with improvement at 48 weeks. On the other hand, estimated glomerular filtration rate improved during follow up (from 74.2 ml/min to 83.08 ml/min after 48 weeks, p=0.1).ConclusionsDual therapy with lamivudine plus a boosted PI is safe and effective as simplification strategy in patients with toxicity to NA. This combination could be an alternative to mono or triple therapy in hard to treat patients, although an initial increase in lipid parameters could be observed.