Suchergebnisse

Odată cu apariția noțiunii de multidomeniu, tuturor elementelor cărora, până în prezent, li se asocia noțiunea de întrunit, fie că era vorba despre bătălie, operație sau formațiune (în sensul de structură), li se asociază această nouă noțiune la modă, care se pare că tinde să înlocuiască mai vechea noțiune de întrunit. Totuși, apreciem că noțiunii de întrunit nu trebuie să i se știrbească nici din importanța pe care a avut-o până în prezent, în sensul de concept care a fost aplicat și s-a dovedit funcțional, modelând în mare măsură dezvoltarea instrumentului militar de putere, și nici din posibilele evoluții ale acestui concept, având în vedere baza solidă pe care, în prezent, pot considera că se află cei care au implementat un mod întrunit de operare. Astfel, în articolul de față ne propunem să expunem principalele raționamente care au condus la apariția și aplicarea acestui concept (întrunit) până în prezent, descriind apoi actualul mediu de securitate și implicațiile acestuia asupra nivelului operativ, pentru ca, ulterior, să propunem o completare a operației întrunite astfel încât aceasta să poată fi aplicată în condițiile amenințărilor actuale și viitoare.

In the increasingly uncertain future conditions, because the lost time cannot be recovered, the only one within reach remains the future. Thus, defence planning is about planning for an uncertain future, about reducing the level of uncertainty, or about increasing the level of tolerance for uncertainty. Therefore, we consider that it is time to move on to prospective planning, to the management components reprioritization, with an emphasis on foresight, especially as we observe the security environment new specifics, in order to choose, develop and maintain those capabilities to meet current and future challenges. In this article we will analyze all these aspects, in an attempt to highlight the fact that the efficient integration of those elements, which lead to obtaining and maintaining optimal capabilities, must represent a synergistic action in order to increase the effectiveness of military actions.

În condițiile unui viitor tot mai incert, pentru că timpul trecut nu poate fi recuperat, singurul la îndemână rămâne cel din viitor. Așadar, planificarea apărării este, de fapt, despre planificarea unui viitor incert, despre reducerea nivelului de incertitudine sau despre creșterea nivelului de toleranță la incertitudine. De aceea, considerăm că este momentul să trecem la planificarea prospectivă, la reprioritizarea componentelor conducerii, cu accent pe previziune, cu atât mai mult cu cât observăm noul specific al mediului de securitate, în vederea alegerii, dezvoltării și menținerii acelor capabilități care să răspundă provocărilor actuale și viitoare.
În cadrul acestui articol vom analiza toate aceste aspecte, în încercarea de a evidenția faptul că integrarea eficientă a acelor elemente care conduc la obținerea și menținerea capabilităților optime trebuie să reprezinte o acțiune sinergică în demersul creșterii eficacității acțiunilor militare.

The multi-domain operation, although still insufficiently developed from a theoretical and, above all, practical point of view, can summarize the paradigm shift produced at the strategic level, a change caused by the developments in the current security environment. However, although this type of operation includes new types of technologies developed mainly as a pragmatic need by the tactical level and aims to achieve coherent solutions to counter the A2AD (anti-access and interdiction) threat at the strategic level, the coordination of the aspects necessary to carry out such operations currently seem rather difficult to achieve by the operational level, which aims at innovatively combining the specific tactics of the services to achieve operational and strategic level objectives. We consider that what is currently lacking as a tool for planning and conducting military actions is how to achieve interdomains effects. Thus, in this article we will analyze the extent to which obtaining inter-domains effects in multi-domain operations can represent the necessary binder to implement such an operation.

Operația multidomeniu, deși încă insuficient dezvoltată din punct de vedere teoretic și, mai ales, practic, poate rezuma schimbarea de paradigmă produsă la nivelul strategic, schimbare datorată evoluțiilor din mediul actual de securitate. Însă, deși acest tip de operație înglobează noile tipuri de tehnologii dezvoltate, în principal, ca nevoie pragmatică de către nivelul tactic și care își propune obținerea unor soluții coerente pentru contracararea amenințării de tip A2AD (anti acces și interdicție) la nivelul strategic, coordonarea aspectelor necesare desfășurării unei astfel de operații pare, în momentul de față, destul de dificil de realizat de către nivelul operativ, acesta având ca scop combinarea inovativă a tacticilor specifice categoriilor de forțe ale armatei pentru îndeplinirea obiectivelor de nivel operativ și strategic. Apreciem că ceea ce lipsește în momentul de față, ca instrument de planificare și ducere a acțiunilor militare, este modalitatea de obținere a unor efecte interdomenii. Astfel, în acest articol vom analiza măsura în care obținerea de efecte interdomenii în operația multidomeniu poate reprezenta liantul necesar implementării unei astfel de operații.

In the dynamic scene of naval operations, constant adaptation and innovation are imperative to meeting the challenges and opportunities of technological advances, geopolitical changes and environmental considerations. This article aims to explore the multidimensional landscape of the naval operational environment, offering original insights and solutions to enhance naval capabilities and cooperation on a regional and global scale. From the forefront of technological innovation, onboard unmanned systems integration and artificial intelligence-based decision-making, to strategic adaptability in response to geopolitical dynamics, the study explores the complex interplay between naval strategy and emerging trends, with environmental considerations taking centre stage. The article argues for a collaborative global naval framework, highlighting the importance of international cooperation in addressing common maritime challenges. This framework envisages the creation of alliances, initiatives and partnerships to foster collective security, promote environmental protection and ensure the peaceful use of the world's oceans. The main objective is to highlight the intersections between technological advances, strategic flexibility, environmental factors and international cooperation in shaping the future of naval operations. Overall, the study aims to engage a diverse audience comprising policymakers, maritime military leaders, researchers, academics and stakeholders involved in maritime security, defence and environmental protection.

A continued deficit in NATO's ability to provide permanent security wherever and whenever the allied states' political interests demand may result in the Alliance failing to maintain internal cohesion and to deter potential geopolitical adversaries. This aspect, constantly hoped for and speculated by the Russian Federation, starting with the resumption of the offensive at the beginning of the 21st century, especially after the annexation of Crimea, has led to a proper dosage of the ingredients that laid the foundation of the A2/AD concept. Understanding the role A2/AD plays in Russia's doctrinal thinking is as critical as allocating the resources to counter it. A full change in Russia's strategy in this regard for the Black Sea region is very unlikely, especially after the interdiction capabilities have reached a satisfactory level of operationalization and remain the only ones that guarantee optimal control of the maritime area, thus making it possible to continue ground operations in Ukraine.

The article explores the development of a comprehensive security strategy for the Black Sea region, focusing on multiple aspects of security, including energy security, conflict management, cyber security and defence cooperation. The implementation of such a strategy involves sustainable efforts and close collaboration between the littoral states, international organisations and external partners.
On energy security, the article stresses the importance of developing energy infrastructure, diversifying energy sources and promoting energy efficiency. It also highlights the need to strengthen regional cooperation to address challenges such as conflict management, environmental protection and cyber security.
Conflict management is another key element of the strategy, with a focus on identifying, monitoring and resolving conflicts through dialogue and negotiation. Cyber security is treated as a global concern, with an emphasis on the need for close cooperation and information sharing to counter evolving cyber threats. Defence cooperation strengthens military capabilities and improves military security.

With no clear evidence of its origin, hybrid warfare is a worldwide phenomenon, its effects having worldwide reverberations. Characterised by a very high adaptability and flexibility of the methods and procedures used, as well as the continuous expansion of the target audience or the area of coverage, hybrid warfare is not a new concept in human history. Overshadowed
by the much higher degree of destruction and the very large number of human victims – specific to conventional war – unconventional actions – an integral part of hybrid war – often go unnoticed, but their effects are felt in all areas of human society existence. Today, the annexation of Crimea and the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation are classic examples of hybrid warfare, characterised by true intentions concealment along with the fact that special operations forces experience and support allowed ethnic Russian communities to organise paramilitary groups with the aim of creating an ambiguous and
insecure environment on Ukraine's territory. Furthermore, these events forced NATO leaders to identify and implement measures to limit and reduce Russian Federation possibilities to apply a similar strategy against the Black Sea or Baltic Sea member states. Analysing in detail the Russian hybrid actions major impact in the maritime environment, materialised both by the two parties' state borders modification and the Russian Federation Exclusive Economic Zone expansion to the detriment of Ukraine, this paper aims to identify geographical and economic vulnerabilities in the Black Sea, the exploitation of which can result in the weakening of the south-eastern flank of the North Atlantic Alliance. Moreover, the present study's results will represent the basis of a further analysis that will highlight the optimal measures for their reduction.

In military structures, the leader has always been at the forefront of organising and carrying out specific actions with the aim of increasing the organisation's efficiency and effectiveness. Thus, the military organisation's efficiency and effectiveness are the effects of leaders' ability to react to disturbances, ensuring optimal orientation of those in command, and finding optimal answers to the questions "how" and "what" is to be done so that the best organisational course of action could be achieved. In this article we consider it appropriate to analyse emotional intelligence, how it influences military leadership, how an optimal affective environment influences the military actions, and to answer the question: Do military leaders need emotional intelligence?