Este trabalho buscou identificar e dar visibilidade às múltiplas dimensões da pobreza, incluindo aí seus aspectos espaciais e as particularidades das desigualdades de gênero em Porto Alegre. Ele está baseado em resultados de pesquisa, na qual foram entrevistadas 16386 pessoas vivendo em situação de pobreza nas diferentes regiões da cidade. A pesquisa buscou uma mudança de foco na análise sobre pobreza ao enfatizar o peso das dimensões que as pessoas consideram relevante para uma vida "digna de ser vivida". Os resultados evidenciaram a importância de dimensões como habitação, saúde e educação para viabilizar às pessoas uma vida "digna de ser vivida". Igualmente, mostraram as diferenças nas privações entre homens e mulheres, a heterogeneidade entre as regiões de Porto Alegre e, em especial, as formas como homens e mulheres vivenciam e manifestam suas percepções acerca da pobreza e das privações.
Leishmaniosis are zoonoses that present several clinical manifestations in humans and have dogs as their main reservoir in the urban environment. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of the parasitosis and has been increasing in Brazil, despite the actions of public health agencies. Until 2002, the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) was considered free of human and canine leishmaniasis. The first human case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in RS was recorded in 2003. In 2009, the first autochthonous cases of human VL and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) were confirmed in São Borja, RS, and the occurrence of the insect vector was recorded for the first time in the state. In 2010, the first confirmed case of CVL was reported and seropositive dogs were identified in the city of Porto Alegre, RS. Given the importance of this zoonosis and the difficulties of a reliable diagnosis in dogs, this study aimed to identify epidemiological aspects of CVL in dogs in an area of Porto Alegre where cases of the disease have been reported. A total of 300 blood samples were collected from dogs in this area, which were then tested by the methods of RT-DPP® and ELISA for diagnosis of Leishmania infantum. An epidemiological questionnaire was completed by dog owners, containing aspects related to care of the animals, characteristics of their environment, and their living conditions. We observed that 83% (250/300) of the studied dogs were of mixed breed, 58% (175/300) were female, 78% (238/300) slept outdoors, and 61% (183/300) shared their living quarters with other species. Clinically, we observed that 90% (270/300) of the animals were infested by ectoparasites, 70% (210/300) had dermatopathies, 24% (72/300) presented weight loss and anorexia, and 22% (65/300) had ocular disorders. The results of the two serological tests were 100% concordant for the three seropositive samples (1%), and the remaining 297 (99%) were negative for both tests. We conclude that despite the low prevalence of L. infantum seropositive dogs, conditions in the region are favorable for CVL transmission, creating a risk of VL for the human population in the city of Porto Alegre.
O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as relações de poder que envolvem um grupo de homens palestinos, chamados de Donos da Mesquita, com os demais membros da comunidade muçulmana de Porto Alegre no Rio Grande do Sul com o intuito de compreender as relações de poder e etnicidade presentes nas relações cotidianas da mesquita. Para o desenvolvimento desta análise apresento um panorama da imigração palestina para o Rio Grande do Sul e a fundação do Centro Islâmico de Porto Alegre, em seguida analiso a relação entre os Donos da Mesquita com os demais membros da comunidade bem como suas relações com a política local.
AbstractSince starts the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic identified the presence of genomic fragments of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in various environmental matrices: domestic sewage, surface waters, and contaminated freshwater. Environmental monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 is a tool for evaluating trend curves over the months, compared to several clinical cases of the disease. The objective of this study was to monitor the SARS-CoV-2 in environmental samples collected in different sites in a metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. During 10 months from 2020 to 2021, 300 samples were collected weekly and biweekly from nine points located in 3 cities: one point from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in São Leopoldo (fortnightly collection), two points in Dilúvio Stream in Porto Alegre (fortnightly collection), two points in Pampa and Luiz Rau Streams (weekly collection), and two points in public fountains (fortnightly collection) in Novo Hamburgo. After collection, samples were concentrated by ultracentrifugation, and viral nucleic acids were extracted using MagMax® Core Nucleic Acid Purifications kits and submitted to RT-qPCR, using E, N1, and N2 gene targets of SARS-CoV-2. Only 7% (3/41) samples from public fountains were positive, with a mean viral load (VL) of SARS-CoV-2 RNA of 5.02 × 101 gc/l (2.41~8.59 × 101 gc/l), while the streams had average VL of 7.43 × 105 gc/l (Pampa), 7.06 × 105 gc/l (Luiz Rau), 2.01 × 105 gc/l (Dilúvio), and 4.46 × 105 cg/l (WWTP). The results showed varying levels of viral presence in different sample types, with a demonstrated correlation between environmental viral load and clinical COVID-19 cases. These findings contribute to understanding virus persistence and transmission pathways in the environment. Continuous monitoring, especially in less developed regions, is crucial for early detection of vaccine resistance, new variants, and potential COVID-19 resurgence.
Busca elucidar os impactos causados pela pandemia de covid-19 nas unidades de triagem de catadores e catadoras de materiais recicláveis de Porto Alegre. Com informações atualizadas sobre esses profissionais, o texto pretende servir de base para a implantação de políticas públicas que possam minimizar os efeitos da doença nessa categoria profissional, bem como ampliar os índices de reciclagem e a inclusão, o reconhecimento e a valorização das catadoras e dos catadores da cidade.
