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Traditionally, the design of road vehicle HMI is based in esthetic principles, maintaining it as an attractive factor for possible clients when buying a car. Only recently, ergonomic benefits have been applied to the design of HMIs, mainly following institutional impulses like the European Union one, but whose contribution is not clearly stated nowadays in commercial products. In this paper the authors present a study of the design of an HMI, based in usability and accessibility premises, centering the design in the user, as method to improve safety, making natural the communication with the driver as well as being able to transmitting information to the driver, from basic to the generated by ADAS installed in the car. Following these specifications a set of prototypes have been designed in order to develop a testbed that could be evaluated for a large set of drivers. ; This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TRA2007-67786 and TRA2009-07505) and the CAM project SEGVAUTO-II. ; Publicado

Like Gary King and Paul Herrnson, we believe that making our data accessible can strengthen and advance scholarly knowledge. King and Herrnson, however, disagree about the measures necessary to ensure that data are widely available to achieve this collective good. Herrnson criticizes King's recommendations as potentially bad for the profession. As scholars who have collected data and relied on others' data for our own research, and—equally important—as relatively new Ph.D.s in political science, we have our own perspective in this debate over replication and data accessibility.

The article provides a general analysis of the content and essence of the principle of accessibility as a component of the rule of law in the activities of state authorities and local self-government bodies. The author offers a general understanding of the features and peculiarities of the principle of accessibility as one of the basic theoretical principles of public services providers in accordance with European standards of public administration. The article suggests that accessibility should be considered in its two meanings. A broader understanding of the principle of accessibility implies the ability of any person to directly and unconditionally have a real access to the results of the public activity of any government authority or local self-government body under conditions determined by law. In this case, it is not even so much about specific administrative services but about the efficient functions of the governmental authority as a public institution in general. From this point of view, the principle of accessibility is a special criterion for the efficiency of the public authority's functioning, since it aims to assess the quality of "access" of a person to the results of the activity of such an authority. Concerning a narrower understanding of the accessibility principle, this means a system of definite measures to ensure the real and physical capacity of a person to receive a public service, which involves a set of legal requirements for the organization of the public authority. Such interpretation actually contains an understanding of the principle of accessibility as a set of certain standards for the activity of the body that provides public services. It is proposed to consolidate these standards for public services providers into several blocks: informational, organizational and a block for comfort requirements. The information block includes requirements for the public disclosure of information on the competence of the public authority. For example, this imples the information on the list and the meaning of the authority's powers in the field of administrative services; the procedures on accepting documents for consideration and general stages of their passing; the procedure for appeals, etc. The organizational unit contains a number of requirements for ensuring a person's real access to the administrative service provider. This should include, first of all, requirements for offices where reception of citizens and initial processing of documents are carried out. The comfort block is a certain system of generalization of information and organizational units with a specific focus of the public authority's activity on providing administrative services in the most convenient way for the applicant. The requirements of this block are based on respect for the dignity of people seeking specific administrative services or trying to get advice on a particular issue without proper formalization and formal initiation of the process of granting / receiving an administrative service. The article also presents an analysis of the trends and the development of the current legislation in the field of providing public services. ; У статті здійснено загальний аналіз змісту та суті принципу доступності як складової верховенства права в діяльності органів державної влади та органів місцевого самоврядування. Подано загальне розуміння ознак та характерних особливостей принципу доступності як однієї з основних теоретичних засад надання публічних послуг відповідно до європейських стандартів публічного адміністрування. Проаналізовано тенденції сучасного стану розвитку чинного законодавства у сфері надання публічних послуг.Матеріал надійшов 15.05.2018

The article provides a general analysis of the content and essence of the principle of accessibility as a component of the rule of law in the activities of state authorities and local self-government bodies. The author offers a general understanding of the features and peculiarities of the principle of accessibility as one of the basic theoretical principles of public services providers in accordance with European standards of public administration. The article suggests that accessibility should be considered in its two meanings. A broader understanding of the principle of accessibility implies the ability of any person to directly and unconditionally have a real access to the results of the public activity of any government authority or local self-government body under conditions determined by law. In this case, it is not even so much about specific administrative services but about the efficient functions of the governmental authority as a public institution in general. From this point of view, the principle of accessibility is a special criterion for the efficiency of the public authority's functioning, since it aims to assess the quality of "access" of a person to the results of the activity of such an authority. Concerning a narrower understanding of the accessibility principle, this means a system of definite measures to ensure the real and physical capacity of a person to receive a public service, which involves a set of legal requirements for the organization of the public authority. Such interpretation actually contains an understanding of the principle of accessibility as a set of certain standards for the activity of the body that provides public services. It is proposed to consolidate these standards for public services providers into several blocks: informational, organizational and a block for comfort requirements. The information block includes requirements for the public disclosure of information on the competence of the public authority. For example, this imples the information on the list and the meaning of the authority's powers in the field of administrative services; the procedures on accepting documents for consideration and general stages of their passing; the procedure for appeals, etc. The organizational unit contains a number of requirements for ensuring a person's real access to the administrative service provider. This should include, first of all, requirements for offices where reception of citizens and initial processing of documents are carried out. The comfort block is a certain system of generalization of information and organizational units with a specific focus of the public authority's activity on providing administrative services in the most convenient way for the applicant. The requirements of this block are based on respect for the dignity of people seeking specific administrative services or trying to get advice on a particular issue without proper formalization and formal initiation of the process of granting / receiving an administrative service. The article also presents an analysis of the trends and the development of the current legislation in the field of providing public services. ; У статті здійснено загальний аналіз змісту та суті принципу доступності як складової верховенства права в діяльності органів державної влади та органів місцевого самоврядування. Подано загальне розуміння ознак та характерних особливостей принципу доступності як однієї з основних теоретичних засад надання публічних послуг відповідно до європейських стандартів публічного адміністрування. Проаналізовано тенденції сучасного стану розвитку чинного законодавства у сфері надання публічних послуг.Матеріал надійшов 15.05.2018

The article provides a general analysis of the content and essence of the principle of accessibility as a component of the rule of law in the activities of state authorities and local self-government bodies. The author offers a general understanding of the features and peculiarities of the principle of accessibility as one of the basic theoretical principles of public services providers in accordance with European standards of public administration. The article suggests that accessibility should be considered in its two meanings. A broader understanding of the principle of accessibility implies the ability of any person to directly and unconditionally have a real access to the results of the public activity of any government authority or local self-government body under conditions determined by law. In this case, it is not even so much about specific administrative services but about the efficient functions of the governmental authority as a public institution in general. From this point of view, the principle of accessibility is a special criterion for the efficiency of the public authority's functioning, since it aims to assess the quality of "access" of a person to the results of the activity of such an authority. Concerning a narrower understanding of the accessibility principle, this means a system of definite measures to ensure the real and physical capacity of a person to receive a public service, which involves a set of legal requirements for the organization of the public authority. Such interpretation actually contains an understanding of the principle of accessibility as a set of certain standards for the activity of the body that provides public services. It is proposed to consolidate these standards for public services providers into several blocks: informational, organizational and a block for comfort requirements. The information block includes requirements for the public disclosure of information on the competence of the public authority. For example, this imples the information on the list and the meaning of the authority's powers in the field of administrative services; the procedures on accepting documents for consideration and general stages of their passing; the procedure for appeals, etc. The organizational unit contains a number of requirements for ensuring a person's real access to the administrative service provider. This should include, first of all, requirements for offices where reception of citizens and initial processing of documents are carried out. The comfort block is a certain system of generalization of information and organizational units with a specific focus of the public authority's activity on providing administrative services in the most convenient way for the applicant. The requirements of this block are based on respect for the dignity of people seeking specific administrative services or trying to get advice on a particular issue without proper formalization and formal initiation of the process of granting / receiving an administrative service. The article also presents an analysis of the trends and the development of the current legislation in the field of providing public services. ; У статті здійснено загальний аналіз змісту та суті принципу доступності як складової верховенства права в діяльності органів державної влади та органів місцевого самоврядування. Подано загальне розуміння ознак та характерних особливостей принципу доступності як однієї з основних теоретичних засад надання публічних послуг відповідно до європейських стандартів публічного адміністрування. Проаналізовано тенденції сучасного стану розвитку чинного законодавства у сфері надання публічних послуг.Матеріал надійшов 15.05.2018

Political rights of citizen are an important aspect of Indonesian Democracy Index (IDI). However, in the 2014 Election, this aspect, particularly IDI of West Java, showed the lowest number. One of the efforts have been made by Election organizers to fulfill the political rights of citizen is to make accessibility as the principle of Election through Election Commission Regulation (PKPU). This study addresses why the aspect of the fulfillment of political rights of citizen is low in IDI; and how the principle of accessibility in to fulfill political rights of citizen is being implemented. The corpus of this study is document of IDI West Java Province and information of online media. The results indicate that; first, the implementation of the fulfillment of the political rights of citizen in the 2014 Election in West Java had a number of obstacles, namely the regulation of the accessibility principle is still limited; the lack of data of persons with disabilities; and the weakness of Election organizers concerning voters with disabilities. And secondly, efforts to implement the principle of accessibility by Election organizers are mostly concentrated in the election period implementation process, while the implementation process of the pre-election and post-election periods tends to be ignored.

The article analyzes the problem of accessibility of education. Education accessibility has become of great relevance in the European Union in recent decades, when the attention has been paid to its integral influence in shaping social, cultural, economic and political situation. Education accessibility enhances each country's or region's intellectual potential and promotes integration into the economic competitiveness of the area, not only in the context of the European countries, but also in international forums. This decade, all EU member states launched a decentralization of education management by promoting employment and reducing unemployment. In the Republic of Lithuania, on the basis of the principle of subsidiary, education decentralization and responsible management are under implementation; schools, municipal and state functions are redistributed, municipality responsibility to education accessibility has increased. The priority direction of education reform in the Republic of Lithuania is the development of infrastructure, i.e., the reorganization of the network of education services and the optimization that would guarantee access to learning. Education accessibility is particularly relevant for socially marginalized and poor citizens. KEYWORDS: social justice, education accessibility, social stratification.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/atee.v2i0.944

The Australian Government's adoption and implementation of Web Content Accessibility Guidelines version 2.0 (WCAG 2.0) Websites that are developed under principles of universal design, with a focus on accessibility, are more usable for everybody, regardless of age, ethnicity or disability. By improving government website accessibility, we support the objectives of the planned National Disability Strategy and the goals of the recently ratified UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. We also create a more socially inclusive environment in which people can access information and services and engage with government. In Australia, the 2003 Australian Bureau of Statistics survey of disability, aging and carers found that one in five people (about four million Australians) reported that they had a disability. The requirement for Australian Government departments and agencies to provide accessible information and online services has been a component of each e-Government Strategy since 2000. The initial strategy outlined the requirement for all government websites to comply with the World Wide Web Consortium's2 (W3C) Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) version 1.0. The Australian National Audit Office, the Australian Government Information Management Office (AGIMO) and the Australian Human Rights Commission have supported agencies in meeting their accessibility obligations via the publication of advice recommending the WCAG 1.0 as the accepted standard for Australian Government websites. With advances in technology for websites and online services, WCAG 1.0 has become outdated and was recently upgraded by the W3C to WCAG version 2.0. Australian governments at all levels have endorsed WCAG 2.0, and require all government websites (federal, state and territory) to meet the new guidelines at the minimum compliance level (Single A) by the end of 2012. In addition, the Australian Government requires all federal websites to meet the medium conformance level (Double A) by the end of 2014. AGIMO (part ...

"The persistent challenge of inequitable access to quality services plagues diverse age groups, creating a glaring gap in our pursuit of inclusive well-being. Despite the revolutionary strides in digital health and artificial intelligence (AI), the promise of universal accessibility remains unfulfilled. The disparities demand a comprehensive understanding of obstacles hindering inclusivity, setting the stage for a transformative solution.Inclusivity and Accessibility in Digital Health is a groundbreaking exploration that is a beacon of change in the healthcare narrative. This book transcends conventional boundaries, offering innovative frameworks, case studies, and empirical research. It delves into the transformative potential of AI and digital health, presenting actionable insights to tailor healthcare services, manage diseases, and elevate overall well-being. Aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, this book inspires researchers, healthcare professionals, policymakers, and tech enthusiasts to harness the power of technology for an inclusive healthcare revolution."--

ABSTRACT
The principle of legality is one of the most fundamental principles of domestic and international criminal law. It features in some of the most prominent human rights instruments, and its application has been scrutinised by various human rights courts and international criminal tribunals. One of the principal tests used to check compliance with that principle measures the accessibility and foreseeability of the criminal law at the time of the conduct. Yet a close analysis of this test reveals a number of fundamental flaws that seem to have escaped the eyes of most commentators and practitioners. These have led to outcomes of dubious legality. In this article, I argue that those problems are serious enough to justify a revision or a substitution of that test for one which is more in line with the rationales and dictates of the legality principle.

Abstract: Educational expansion has reached the tertiary level; however, inclusive higher education remains an elusive goal despite the ratification, in more than a hundred countries, of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities since 2006. The Convention mandates inclusive education throughout the life course—and thus increased access to universities. To enhance accessibility requires us to remove barriers and defeat ableism. Analyzing contemporary trends in Europe and North America, universities' attempts to implement elements of the "Universal Design University" are compared here. Because universities serve as role models and provide community services, these organizations can and should implement universal design principles. Universities have myriad opportunities—and responsibilities—to enhance access to their programs. In embracing social and political paradigms of disability, in giving voice to diverse participants, and in implementing universal design principles, the university can engage and change public awareness and attitudes. Advancing the educational and social inclusion of persons with disabilities in higher education provides benefits far beyond the university campus.

Part 1: Long and Short Papers ; International audience ; Today, many public services are available online through Web sites. The accessibility of the sites, also to people with disabilities, is important because the accessibility concerns equality of citizens, a cornerstone of democracy. In the current study we carried out a meta-analysis of 17 studies concerning the accessibility of the Web sites of public administration. Furthermore, we assessed the accessibility of Web pages of 12 ministries of the Finnish government. The assessments were based on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). The results showed that in terms of the WCAG guidelines, the average accessibility of public Web sites is poor. Moreover, there was no improvement in the accessibility in the 2000's and many of the accessibility failures were so simple that they could have been easily avoided. This may indicate that the building of information society is driven by technology, rather than principles of democracy and well-being.