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"This cross-disciplinary book investigates how morality translates into action by presenting original psychological research on our understanding of human rights and duties. This topical focus is especially timely in our post-9/11 world where the relative rights and duties of citizens and our government are foremost in our minds. One of the book's goals is to explore the general public's ideas (both in the United States and abroad) about rights versus duties so that legislative and policy changes can be based on solid support, not assumptions. Two strategies are used to lead readers toward a better understanding of human rights and duties. Chapters by empirical researchers present findings on citizens' commonsense understandings of rights and duties, whereas normative chapters by leading social theorists conceptualize rights and duties from many perspectives. By contrasting present-day circumstances of life in many social spheres with the world of ideas, the editors expose the debate between what human rights and duties are and what they ought to be"--Jacket.

As the 20th century drew to a close, a relatively new legal issue emerged in American courtrooms and dining rooms: Do individuals have a legal right to determine how and when they die? Questions regarding the ethics, legality issues and the morality of end-of-life issues such as physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia brought these questions squarely into the forefront of public and political debate. Although numerous journal articles, books, and newspaper editorials have been written about such issues, few have attempted to integrate this rapidly growing literature into a coherent overview of the legal and scientific issues involved. This book attempts to fill this void, providing a comprehensive review of scientific research, case law, and social history to inform the future research and policy decisions that will inevitably arise. Thus, the goals are to summarize, interpret, and elaborate on a growing scientific literature devoted to understanding assisted suicide and related end-of-life decisions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2005 APA, all rights reserved)

Expensive taste rides again / G.A. Cohen -- Talent, slavery, and envy / Miriam Cohen Christofidis -- Equality of resources versus undominated diversity / Philippe Van Parijs -- Liberty, equality, envy, and abstraction / Michael Otsuka -- Cracked foundations of liberal equality / Richard J. Arneson -- A puzzle about ethics, justice, and the sacred / Matthew Clayton -- Dworkin on freedom and culture / Will Kymlicka -- Justice in health care : can Dworkin justify universal access? / Lesley A. Jacobs -- Equality of resources and procreative justice / Paula Casal and Andrew Williams -- Morality and the "new genetics" / Justine Burley -- Autonomy, beneficence, and the permanently demented / Seana Valentine Shiffrin -- Ronald Dworkin's views on abortion and assisted suicide / F.M. Kamm -- Reverence for life and the limits of state power / Eric Rakowski -- Associative obligations and the state / Leslie Green -- Speaking with one voice : on Dworkinian integrity and coherence / Joseph Raz -- Integrity : justice in workclothes / Gerald J. Postema -- The rule of law as a theater of debate / Jeremy Waldron -- Ronald Dworkin replies / Ronald Dworkin

The rights of philosophy / Hans Friedrich Fulda -- Kant, Hegel, and the contemporary question concerning the normative foundations of morality and right / Karl-Otto Apel -- "The personality of the will" as the principle of abstract right : an analysis of articles 34-40 of Hegel's Philosophy of right in terms of the logical structure of the concept / Michael Quante -- Person and property in Hegel's Philosophy of right (articles 34-81) / Joachim Ritter -- Common welfare and universal will in Hegel's Philosophy of right / Manfred Baum -- The contemporary relevance of Hegel's concept of punishment / Wolfgang Schild -- Natural ethical life and civil society : Hegel's construction of the family / Siegfried Blasche -- The role of civil society in Hegel's political philosophy / Rolf-Peter Horstmann -- Logical form and real totality : the authentic conceptual form of Hegel's concept of the state / Dieter Henrich -- Constitution, fundamental rights, and social welfare in Hegel's Philosophy of right / Ludwig Siep -- Hegel's organicist theory of the state : on the concept and method of Hegel's "Science of the state" / Michael Wolff.

Introduction: Taking Stock of Bioethics From a Philosophical Perspective -- Introduction: Taking Stock of Bioethics From a Philosophical Perspective -- The Emergence of Bioethics -- The History of Bioethics as a Discipline -- Bioethical Theory -- Principles and Principlism -- Casuistry -- Virtue Theory in Philosophy of Medicine -- Common Morality -- Feminist Approaches to Bioethics -- Four Narrative Approaches to Bioethics -- Philosophy of Medicine and Medical Ethics: A Phenomenological Perspective -- Core Concepts in Clinical Ethics -- The Logic of Health Concepts -- Physicians and Patients in Relation: Clinical Interpretation and Dialogues of Trust -- Informed Consent -- Philosophical Challenges to the Use of Advance Directives -- Ethics Committees and Case Consultation: Theory and Practice -- The Public Policy Context -- The Ethics of Controlled Clinical Trials -- Ethical Issues in the Use of Cost Effectiveness Analysis for the Prioritization of Health Resources -- Sic Et Non: Some Disputed Questions in Reproductive Ethics -- Testing Genes and Constructing Humans — Ethics and Genetics -- Foundations of the Health Professions -- Death, Dying, Euthanasia, and Palliative Care: Perspectives from Philosophy of Medicine and Ethics -- Philosophical Issues in Psychiatry -- Nursing Ethics -- Geroethics -- Ethics and Philosophy of Public Health.

Essays on Social Work Practice and Policy Editor's Introduction -- "Social Work and the Common Good" -- "The Cause in Function" -- "The Client's Interest" -- "The Helping Process" -- "Reasoning in Practice" -- "The Problem with the Problem-Solving Paradigm" -- "The Battered Helper" -- "Management in the Nonprofit Social Service Organization" -- "An Historical Perspective on Helping People in Times of Rapid Change" -- Essays on Social Work Values and Ethics Editor's Introduction -- "The Ethical Component in Practice" -- "Ethical Assessment" -- "The Whistleblower and the Whistleblowing Profession" -- "Teaching Ethics through Ethical Teaching" -- "Ethics and the Private Non-profit Human Service Organization" -- "Values and Ethics in Agency Practice for a Caring and Just Service" -- "Morality and the Politics of Practice" -- Essays on Social Work Education Editor's Introduction -- "The Intellectual in the Practical" -- "Educational Preparation for Practice" -- "Are the Tradition Curriculum Areas Relevant?" -- "The Continuum: Issues in Social Work Education" -- "The Teacher's Style and the Use of Professional Self in Social Work Education" -- "A Framework for Forecasting in Social Work Education" -- "Some Thoughts on My 40 Years in Social Work Education."

Intro -- THE ABYSS ABOVE -- CONTENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- ABBREVIATIONS -- INTRODUCTION: FUTURE PERFECT -- CASSANDRA, OR THE BELATED TRUTH OF MADNESS -- TOTAL AND RESTRICTED MADNESS -- THE LIMITS OF MADNESS AND THE LIMITSOF PHILOSOPHY -- FROM DIVINE REASON TO MADNESSUNDER THE DEATH OF GOD -- EPILOGUE -- 1. TALKING ABOUT HOMER -- TALKING ABOUT HOMER -- PHAEDRUS: MADLY MADE MEANING -- PHILOSOPHY'S MAD DEMON -- 2. THE ABYSS ABOVE -- INTRODUCTION: MADNESS AND THE LABOR OF POETRY -- TRANSLATING GREECE -- ANTIGONE AND OEDIPUS: MADNESS AND SIGN -- 3. NIETZSCHE: THEMARKETPLACES OF MADNESS -- INTRODUCTION: NIETZSCHE'S MADNESSAND THE FEAR OF CONTAMINATION -- NIETZSCHE'S MADMEN (1): THE ARTIST IN THE DITCH,OR FROM METAPHYSICS TO METAPHYSIOLOGY -- NIETZSCHE'S MADMEN (2): META-MORALITY,OR THE MADNESS OF NEW THOUGHT -- NIETZSCHE'S MADMEN (3): THE LAST MADMANON THE MARKETPLACE -- THE HYPERBOREAN: LA VACHE QUI DANSE -- CONCLUSION: LOGOS AND PALLAKSCH: PAUL CELAN'S"TüBINGEN, JäNNER" -- ANACHRONY -- APPROPRIATION -- ANAMNESIS -- NOTES -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- Z.

This book contains a range of essays on topics in the emerging field of "constitutional political economy". This field of enquiry is strongly associated with the name of James M. Buchanan whose research program has been the point of departure for this field. The essays are a selection of those written by colleagues and researchers in the field to honor Buchanan on the occasion of his 80th birthday. They cover a wide range of topics but fall primarily into two sets: one set dealing with methodological aspects of the c.p.e. approach; the other dealing with specific applications in a variety of policy areas, ranging from "economic transformation" to monetary policy regimes to health care. One particular issue in the methodological area relates to the model of motivation used - and more especially, the role of "morality" in economic and political behavior. The five essays on this topic make up one of the sections of the book, and justify reference to the issue in the volume's title

Celibacy in cross-cultural perspective : an overview / Sandra Bell and Elisa J. Sobo -- Private lives and public identities : an example of female celibacy in northwest India / Peter Phillimore -- The women who refuse to be exchanged : nuns in Zangskar, northwest India / Kim Gutschow -- The maintenance and reinforcement of celibacy in institutionalized settings / Hector N. Qirko -- The chaste adolescent / Alice Schlegel -- Virgins in the spirit : the celibacy of Shakers / Peter Collins -- Staying clean : notes on Mazatec ritual celibacy and sexual orientation / Michael Duke -- Can women be celibate? Sexuality and abstinence in Theravada Buddhism / Hiroko Kawanami -- Sexual fluids, emotions, morality : notes on the gendering of Brahmacharya / Meena Khandelwal -- Ritualizing celibacy : the poetics of inversion in Chile and Kenya / Mario I. Aguilar -- Like a natural woman : celibacy and the embodied self in anorexia nervosa / Rebecca J. Lester -- Cultural schemas of celibacy / Victor C. De Munck -- Celibacy in American prisons : legal and interpretive perspectives / Mark S. Fleisher and John R. Shaw -- A swallow in winter : a Catholic priesthood viewpoint / Paul Southgate

Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction: Raymond Tallis and the Bewitchment of Theory -- Part I The Explicit Animal -- 1. The Poverty of Neurophilosophy -- 2. On the Edge of Certainty -- 3. Man, the Explicit Animal -- Part II The Nature of Language -- 4. Reference Restored -- 5. Language and Consciousness -- Part III The Centrality of the Conscious Human Agent -- 6. Recovering the Conscious Agent -- 7. The Hope of Progress -- Part IV The Errors of Post-Saussurean Thought -- 8. Theorrhoea contra Realism -- 9. The Mirror Stage: A Critical Reflection -- 10. The Shrink from Hell -- 11. Walking and Differance -- Part V The Two Cultures -- 12. Evidence-based and Evidence-free Generalisations: A Tale of Two Cultures -- 13. Anti-Science and Organic Daydreams -- Part VI The Nature of Art -- 14. The Freezing Coachman: Some Reflections on Art and Morality -- 15. The Difficulty of Arrival: Reflections on the Function of Art -- 16. Metaphysics and Gossip: Notes Towards a Manifesto for a Novel of the Future -- Index.

Moral foundations of political negotiations / Thomas A. Imhoff -- Common morality and peacemaking / Jerald Richards -- Peacemaking and procedural justice : a critique / Judith Presler -- Justice as structure and strategy of peace / Mar Peter-Raoul -- Ambiguous roles of religions in war and peace / Donald A. Wells -- Plato and echo-feminism : Platonic psychology and politics for peace / Mary Lenzi -- Reflections on caring and peace politics / Joseph C. Kunkel -- Ancient thoughts on peacekeepers and other busybodies / Leo Groarke -- Peacekeeping, peacemaking, and military force / Robert Litke --Kant's noninterventionalism and recent alternatives of nonmilitary intervention / William C. Gay -- Nonmilitary responses to nuclear threat or attack / Richard Wendell Fogg -- Sovereignty and positive peace / Steven Lee -- Jane Addams's pragmatist pacifism / Marilyn Fischer -- Mothering as a motivation for pacifism : theorizing from inside and out / Laura Duhan Kaplan -- Contemporary African sages and queen mothers : their leadership roles in conflict resolutions / Gail M. Presbey -- Catcalls and military strategy / Sally J. Scholz -- Race-making as the process of enmification / Alison Bailey -- Gangs and nations : parallels and analogies / Ron Hirschbein.

Are there philosophical issues with respect to sport (other than ethical ones)? / Graham McFee -- Soft metaphysics : a precursor to good sports ethics / R. Scott Kretchmar -- Ethics and the double character of sport : an attempt to systematize discussion of the ethics of sport / Johan Steenbergen and Jan Tamboer -- Games, rules and contracts / Simon Eassom -- Fair play : historical anachronism or topical ideal? / Sigmund Loland -- 'Merely meat'? Respect for persons in sport and games / Cei Tuxill and Sheila Wigmore -- What moral educational significance has physical education? A question in need of disambiguation / David Carr -- Moral development research in sports and its quest for objectivity / Russell Gough -- Celebrating trust : virtues and rules in the ethical conduct of sports coaches / Mike McNamee -- Sport is for losers / Anthony Skillen -- Multinational sport and literary practices and their communities : the moral salience of cultural narratives / William J. Morgan -- Violence and aggression in contemporary sport / Jim Parry -- Cheating and self-deception in sport / Gordon Reddiford -- Private autonomy and public morality in sporting practices / Terence J. Roberts -- In the zone : Heidegger and sport / Paul Standish

This volume contains ten chapters, each of which takes up a different question in contemporary moral or political philosophy. The volume has three parts: meta-ethics, issues in freedom and autonomy, and contemporary political philosophy. In the meta-ethical section, the chapters address issues concerning acts and their value, the plausibility of aggregation and counting with respect to the value of human lives, and the role of moral character in causing and explaining moral behavior. In the second section, the chapters take up questions about the connection between moral imagination and a plausible account of integrity, the connection between autonomy and rights to property, and the difficulties facing internalist accounts of autonomy. In the final section, the chapters address issues concerning feminist critiques of Rawlsian liberalism, the limits of liberalism and communitarianism, the importance of understanding Rawls's social contract as a contract for institutions, and the morality of nationalist movements. These chapters reflect a cross-section of the issues concerning value that are of contemporary scholarly interest in Canada and the United States

English Population History from Family Reconstitution 1580–1837 is the most important single contribution to English historical demography since Wrigley and Schofield's Population History of England. It represents the culmination of work carried out at the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure over the past quarter-century. This work demonstrates the value of the technique of family reconstitution as a means of obtaining accurate and detailed information about fertility, morality, and nuptiality in the past. Indeed, more is now known about many aspects of English demography in the parish register period than about the post-1837 period when the Registrar-General collected and published information. Using data from 26 parishes, the authors show clearly that their results are representative not only of the demographic situation of the parishes from which the data were drawn, but also of the country as a whole. Some very surprising features of the behaviour of past populations are brought to light for the first time

Cover Page -- Half-title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Contributors -- Introduction -- Part One: The Classic Debate: Natural Law and Political Realism -- Chapter 1: The Ethics of War and Peace in the Catholic Natural Law Tradition -- Chapter 2: Just War Thinking in Catholic Natural Law -- Chapter 3: Realism and the Ethics of War and Peace -- Chapter 4: Realism, Morality, and War -- Part Two: Expanding the Dialogue: Judaism and Islam -- Chapter 5: War and Peace in the Jewish Tradition -- Chapter 6: Prohibited Wars in the Jewish Tradition -- Chapter 7: War and Peace in Islam -- Chapter 8: Interpreting the Islamic Ethics of War and Peace -- Part Three: Critical Perspectives: Christian Pacifism and Feminism -- Chapter 9: Christian Nonviolence: An Interpretation -- Chapter 10: Conflicting Interpretations of Christian Pacifism -- Chapter 11: Is There a Feminist Tradition on War and Peace? -- Chapter 12: Toward a Feminist Ethic of War and Peace -- Part Four: Comparative Overview -- Chapter 13: The Comparative Ethics of War and Peace -- Chapter 14: Divine Justice, Evil, and Tradition: Comparative Reflections -- Index.