Suchergebnisse

"Globale Umweltpolitik mitzugestalten und im eigenen Land umzusetzen ist für jede Gesellschaft eine Herausforderung. Dabei gilt es nicht nur, globale Umweltprobleme wie den Klimawandel als relevant für die eigene Bevölkerung und Wirtschaft zu erkennen. Wichtig ist auch, multilaterale Verhandlungsprozesse in ihrer Komplexität zu durchdringen und kurzfristige von langfristigen Interessenlagen zu unterscheiden. Eine weitere Leistung, die erbracht werden muss, ist die Formulierung nationaler Beiträge für die Lösung oder Abmilderung globaler Umweltprobleme und ihrer Auswirkungen. Diese drei Aufgaben zu bewältigen erfordert vielfältige Kompetenzen: zur Beschaffung und Interpretation von Informationen über die Umweltlage, Fachkenntnisse aus einer Vielzahl an Disziplinen, politisches Geschick und ein neues Verständnis des Verhältnisses zwischen Politik, Staat und Gesellschaft: Die Kreativität und das Engagement der vielen Menschen und Organisationen, die Teil des Problems sind und deshalb auch Teil der Lösung sein müssen, können nicht per Gesetz und Anordnung erzwungen werden. Dies erfordert Dialog, Verhandlungen und Vereinbarungen über die angestrebten Ziele und darüber, wie die Verantwortung für die Umsetzung der notwendigen Maßnahmen verteilt wird. Dies ist in der Regel ein sehr konfliktträchtiger Prozess. Entwicklungsländer stehen dabei vor besonderen Schwierigkeiten: Die Ressourcen der öffentlichen Verwaltungen sind häufig so begrenzt, dass für ein vorausschauendes Politikfeld wie die Umweltpolitik wenig übrig bleibt. Die Unterstützung der internationalen Staatengemeinschaft wird damit immer wichtiger, nicht nur für das Überleben der betroffenen Bevölkerungen selbst, sondern auch als Beitrag zur Lösung globaler Umweltprobleme. Weil dies so ist, müsste sich die internationale Umweltkooperation in unser aller Interesse stark auf die Kompetenzentwicklung konzentrieren. Die vorliegende Studie hat die entsprechenden Konzepte und Maßnahmen der Global Environmental Facility (GEF), von United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) und der Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) analysiert und bewertet. Ausschlaggebendes Kriterium für die Bewertung war, inwiefern die Kompetenzentwicklung als Teil eines gesellschaftspolitischen Bildungs- und Mobilisierungsprozesses verstanden wird und welche best practices in dieser Hinsicht identifiziert werden können. Die Ergebnisse dieser Analyse können damit auch für die Verbesserung der umweltpolitischen Kompetenzentwicklung in anderen Feldern genutzt werden." (Textauszug)

The Provincial Performance Improvement Initiative (PPM) is a Papua New Guinean (PNG) Government undertaking that seeks to improve public administration at the subnational level. The case study describes how PPM has benefited from "enthusiastic leadership" and a high level of PNG ownership. The initiative has also built on a systematic diagnosis of capacity issues, with PNG stakeholders playing a central role in both the diagnosis and in the subsequent preparation of capacity development plans for participating provinces. This AusAID-funded initiative has a projected timeframe of 15-20 years with a design that recognizes the need to proceed at a pace consistent with the capabilities and absorptive capacity of participating provinces and districts. This sub-series is published by the Asian Development Bank to provide the governments of its Pacific developing member countries (PDMCs) with analyses and insights on key issues and lessons learned with respect to capacity development. Cases studied highlight a range of experiences throughout the region by sector, theme and source of external support, revealing approaches to capacity development that work best and the conditions that have been conducive to their success. They also explore the unique challenges faced by PDMCs in addressing capacity constraints as well as some of the opportunities facing governments and the people in the Pacific islands. Among other things, the case studies underline the importance of PDMC leadership, engagement of local partners, strategic attention to long-term capacity issues and effective use of external resources. It is our hope that the findings in these reports will help to guide future capacity building efforts in the Pacific.

The Provincial Performance Improvement Initiative (PPM) is a Papua New Guinean (PNG) Government undertaking that seeks to improve public administration at the subnational level. The case study describes how PPM has benefited from "enthusiastic leadership" and a high level of PNG ownership. The initiative has also built on a systematic diagnosis of capacity issues, with PNG stakeholders playing a central role in both the diagnosis and in the subsequent preparation of capacity development plans for participating provinces. This AusAID-funded initiative has a projected timeframe of 15-20 years with a design that recognizes the need to proceed at a pace consistent with the capabilities and absorptive capacity of participating provinces and districts. This sub-series is published by the Asian Development Bank to provide the governments of its Pacific developing member countries (PDMCs) with analyses and insights on key issues and lessons learned with respect to capacity development. Cases studied highlight a range of experiences throughout the region by sector, theme and source of external support, revealing approaches to capacity development that work best and the conditions that have been conducive to their success. They also explore the unique challenges faced by PDMCs in addressing capacity constraints as well as some of the opportunities facing governments and the people in the Pacific islands. Among other things, the case studies underline the importance of PDMC leadership, engagement of local partners, strategic attention to long-term capacity issues and effective use of external resources. It is our hope that the findings in these reports will help to guide future capacity building efforts in the Pacific.

Frontmatter -- Preface -- Index -- Introduction -- Capacity Development Approaches—What to Expect from this Book -- Acknowledgements -- How to Change Structures: Governance-related Capacity Development -- The LPG Project: Collective Action for Fuel Transition among the Urban Poor -- EnerKey Long-term Perspective Group (ELPG)—A Format to Introduce Long-term Thinking in Today's Decision-making -- Building Local Capacities to Improve the Quality of Electricity for Agriculture and to Enhance Energy Efficiency -- Mobile Learning Containers (MLC) for Improving the Qualification of Workers at Construction Sites -- Training Practice and Theoretical Instruction -- Integrating Street Food in a Sustainable Food Distribution System—Food Safety Training for, and with, Street Vendors -- Waste Management—Practical Training and Capacity Building -- On-site Construction Workshops in Iran -- Wastewater Treatment— International Workshops and Online Learning Platform -- Multidisciplinary Research/Design/ Build Summer Schools: Alternative Solutions for a Water-scarce Future in Metropolitan Lima, Peru -- Education for Sustainable Lifestyles—ESL -- Training on the Way to the First Passive House in Western China -- Capacity Development through Media and Counselling -- Trying to Persuade Rather than to Force People: The Approach of the Handbook for Green Housing -- Urban Agriculture in Casablanca— Overview of the Capacity Development Approaches -- Meteorological Measurements -- Complementary Digital and Printed Learning Media on Construction Topics -- The Projects of the Programme on Future Megacities in Brief -- Authors -- Imprint

ABSTRACTSociological studies of organizational fashions tend to focus on commercial firms. This article looks at the Capacity Development concept that is globally applied as a model in governmentally supported development assistance organizations. The organizations themselves adopt the concept, asserting that an increase in 'capacities' in developing countries will contribute to a higher success rate for projects. This article argues that a primary function of concepts such as Capacity Development is to meet the legitimacy requirements of development assistance organizations. The more the effectiveness of these organizations is criticized or challenged, the more they feel the need to defend themselves by developing new — and hopefully more effective — concepts.

Long description: Im Band werden verschiedene Maßnahmen im Bereich Lehrerausbildung und -fortbildung im Kontext der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit vorgestellt. Hierzu werden die Praxisberichte der Verantwortlichen an den Erkenntnissen der Schul- und Unterrichtsforschung aus theoretischer wie empirischer Perspektive reflektiert. So wird ein Einblick in die Wissensbestände und Erfahrungsbereiche von Praxis und Forschung gegeben. Damit wird versucht, die oftmals angemahnte Diskrepanz zwischen Forschung einerseits und Nutzung wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse in der Praxis andererseits zu überbrücken.

In this paper a large-scale community-based disaster risk-assessment project, undertaken in the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality in the North-West Province of South Africa, is evaluated. In contrast to other disaster risk management consultancy projects in South Africa, this project included a significant skills transfer component to the at-risk communities and local government officials. In this evaluation, the authors draw on their own experiences in implementing this and similar projects, a review of the project management documents is undertaken, and a focus group interview with facilitators involved in the project is used as a primary source. The discussion is further contextualised in terms of community-based disaster risk assessment theory and the existing literature on disaster risk assessment in South Africa. Logistical and data quality issues as well as staff turnover were found to be concerns during the project. From the findings, it is argued that the common practice of outsourcing disaster risk-management projects is not conducive to effective disaster risk management. Local government entities should take responsibility for disaster risk assessment as a continual activity. This is in contrast to the view currently manifesting in South Africa as a set of bureaucratic actions undertaken by consultants to achieve 'legislative compliance' for municipalities. ; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2012.688793 ; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17477891.2012.688793