Suchergebnisse

Managers often face the problem of making project decisions that
involve a large number of interrelated activities – the planning
and scheduling of which is project management. These problems often
arise in areas such as product development, production planning and
control and setting up of production facilities. One important aspect of
project management is activity crashing, i.e. reducing activity time by
adding more resources such as workers, overtime and so on. It is
important to decide the optimal crash plan to complete the project
within the desired time period. The usual practice is to use a linear
programming (LP) approach. Finds that the solution obtained from LP is
not always effective and shows that a goal‐programming approach can be
used efficiently in such decision‐making problems.

The purpose of this study is to apply polynomial goal programming to establish a new portfolio selection model that considers the tradeoffs between expected return and Value-at-Risk (VaR) of portfolios and the flexibility of incorporating investor's preferences. The historical data of 10 international stock markets of Pacific Rim countries were used in the empirical analysis. The results showed that the proposed model demonstrated the ability to resolve the problems of a traditional asset allocation model. The validity and fitness of the proposed model were confirmed.

A shrinking pool of potential students, due to a declining birthrate as well as uncertain economic times, is creating the need for more effective recruiting of college students. One approach using a goal programming model has been developed and is currently being used to manage recruitment activities in a small four‐year college in Nebraska. The model identifies both the type and number of activities that must be completed each quarter in order to reach an enrollment goal for a given year. Factors such as budget, time, manpower, and marketing strategies are highlighted in the model. The results of the goal programming model encouraged more field activities in the first two quarters with emphasis on new‐candidate identification. The third‐quarter recruiting strategy is more balanced while the fourth‐quarter emphasis is placed on follow‐up activities that occur chiefly in the office. Use of this model will enable recruiters to meet enrollments while managing recruiting resources and activities in order to remain within the recruiting budget.

Son yıllarda yeni ve daha katı çevresel mevzuatların getirilmesi ile üreticinin sorumluluğunun genişlemesi ve tüketicinin farkındalığının artması, çok sayıda üreticinin tüketim sonrası geri dönen ürünleri geri kazanmasına ve yeniden üretmeye başlamasına neden olmuştur. Ürün kazanımının ilk adımı parça demontajıdır. Geri dönen ürünlerin demontajı tek bir iş istasyonunda yapılabileceği gibi, yüksek üretkenlik oranı sağlayan demontaj hattında da yapılabilmektedir. Demontaj hattı dengeleme problemi, bir ürünün demontaj işlerinin, ürünü tam/kısmi olarak demonte etmeyi sağlayacak şekilde sıralı iş istasyonlarına atanması olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışmada, demontaj hattı dengeleme problemi için hedeflerin kesin olarak belirlenebildiği ortamda öncelikli hedef programlama ve hedeflerin bulanık olarak belirlenebildiği ortamda ise bulanık hedef programlama olmak üzere iki farklı hedef programlama yaklaşımı önerilmektedir. Çevrim zamanı, istasyon sayısı ve istasyonlardaki iş yükü dikkate alınan hedeflerdir. Ayrıca önerilen hedef programlama yaklaşımlarının etkinliği sayısal bir örnek üzerinde gösterilerek duyarlılık analizleri yapılmıştır. ; In recent years, new and more rigid environmental legislations increased public awareness and extended manufacturer responsibility. As a result, most manufacturers started recycling and remanufacturing of post consumed products. The first step of this process, namely product recovery is disassembly. Although, disassembly of reusing products can be done in a single workstation, using a disassembly line provides the highest productivity. Disassembly line balancing can be defined as assigning disassembly tasks of products to the sequential workstations by ensuring the product to be disassembled partially or completely. This study presents two goal programmimg models to balance disassemly line with precise and fuzzy goals. The number of stations, cycle time and the number of tasks per workstations (task load) are considered as goals. In addition, an example problem is solved to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed goal programming models. ; İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi

In this work we consider a multiobjective open shop scheduling problem with uncertain processing times and flexible due dates, both modelled using fuzzy sets. We adopt a goal programming model based on lexicographic multiobjective optimisation of both makespan and due-date satisfaction and propose a particle swarm algorithm to solve the resulting problem. We present experimental results which show that this multiobjective approach achieves as good results as single-objective algorithms for the objective with the highest priority, while greatly improving on the second objective ; This research has been supported by the Spanish Government under research grants FEDER TIN2010-20976-C02-02 and MTM2010-16051 and by the Principality of Asturias (Spain) under grant Severo Ochoa BP13106

This paper presents an application of goal programming to the planning of industrial location in the context of air-pollution policy. Goal programming is a modification of linear programming designed to solve problems characterized by a large number of conflicting objectives. The solution is obtained by expressing all objectives as constraints and minimizing the deviation of the allocation from the respective targets and standards. If lexicographic ordering of objectives prevails, the constraints can be introduced in order of their importance. The paper first discusses the theoretical basis for goal programming and then presents the mathematical formulation and the numerical evaluation of a hypothetical industrial-location problem. Finally, goal programming is evaluated for its implications for environmental planning.

AbstractIn recent years, natural and human‐made disasters have been affecting increasing numbers of people throughout the world. Organizations and budgets for emergency and humanitarian aid have experienced an important growth, and efficiency in disaster management becomes crucial. There is a lack of specific tools devoted to logistics of this special kind of interventions in developing countries, demanded by the organizations. A decision support system for logistic operations currently in development is presented, focusing on the transport problem to distribute humanitarian aid to the population affected by a disaster in a developing country. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.