Poverty, Ethnicity, And Violent Crime
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Tables and Figures -- Foreword -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- The Historical Background -- The Ecological Distribution of Violent Crime -- 2 Measuring Violent Crime: Trends and Social Distributions -- Measuring Violent Crime: Some Caveats and Conclusions -- Estimating the Effects of SES and Ethnicity -- The Social Distribution of Violent Offenders -- 3 "Levels of Explanation" of Violent Crime -- Levels of Explanation as Risk Factors for Violent Behavior -- Modifying the Matrix: The Macro- and Microsocial Levels of Explanation -- Linking Levels of Explanation -- 4 Community and Neighborhood Contexts of Violent Crime -- Poverty -- Individual, Community, and Institutional Consequences of Economic Change -- Conclusion -- 5 The Role of Unsupervised Youth Groups in Violence -- Historical and Comparative Perspectives -- Community Cultures and Collective Behavior Among Youth -- Defining Gangs as Unsupervised Youth Groups -- Street Gangs, Other Collectivities, and Violence -- Conclusion: Toward Explanation -- 6 Levels of Explanation of Violent Behavior Committed in Groups -- Accounting for the Increasing Prevalence of Street Gangs -- Socialization into Violence -- Gang Members Versus Nongang Youth: Participation in Community Institutions -- Immigration, Race/Ethnicity, and the Ghetto Poor -- Social Capital, Crime, and Violence -- Conclusion -- 7 Explaining Violent Crime: The Macrosocial Level of Explanation -- Description, Prediction, and Theorizing About Violence -- Macrosocial Forces: Historical and Contemporary -- Conclusions Regarding Macro-level Forces and Violence -- 8 The Individual Level of Explanation: Biobehavioral Influences and Control -- Motivation(s) for Violence: Assumed or to Be Explained? -- Evolutionary and Genetic Predispositions to Violence
