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Hemoglobinopathies are a very important health problem in Turkey. To date many studies have been performed but there has been no national hemoglobinopathy control program (HCP). After the Turkish National Hemoglobinopathy Council (TNHC) was created all centers, foundations, and associations were combined into one organization controlled by the Ministry of Health (MOH). The MOH and the TNHC have started to register the results of the screening of 377,339 healthy subjects from 16 different cities and the recorded average frequency of the β-thalassemia trait was 4.3%. The highest prevalence of theβ-thalassemia trait (13.1%) was found in the Antalya region and of the HbS trait (10%) in the Çukurova region. Next, written regulations for the Fight against Hereditary Blood Disease were published especially for preventing and treating hemoglobinopathies. The MOH and the TNHC selected 33 provinces situated in the Thrace, Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean and South Eastern regions with a high birth prevalence of severe hemoglobinopathies. The hemoglobinopathy scientific committee was set up, a guidebook was published and a national HCP was started in these high-risk provinces.

The Charlotte-Mecklenburg Division of Animal Control is operated as an agency for the protection of persons and property under the city government of Charlotte, N.C. and serves both the City of Charlotte and the County of Mecklenburg. For nearly forty years, the City of Charlotte has had an Animal Control agency which is authorized to enforce all state and local laws pertaining to animals and to ensure that all animals within its jurisdiction receive humane care.

PPR is an economically important trans-boundary disease of sheep and goats. Nepal had experienced several episodes of PPR outbreaks in the past. Although severity and frequency of outbreaks have decreased due to strenuous effort of Government of Nepal, it has been rather endemic. National PPR Control Program 2001, and PPR Control Program Implementation Working Guidelines, 2013, the legal documents guiding PPR control activities, have not been effective as expected due to multifactorial reasons. Thus, a critical analysis of the program with emphasis on impeding factors is must. In this review, we attempted to analyse and suggest more effective strategies considering geopolitical, social and cultural context of Nepal.

Based on a chapter from his report entitled, "A comparative study of state water pollution control laws and procedures," issued as Report no. 42, Water resources research institute, University of N.C.

'Das ZUMA-Feldsteuerungsprogramm ZUMAFELD ist ein Programm zur EDV-gestützten Steuerung von Umfragefeldern; seine besonderen Vorteile zeigen sich insbesondere bei der Steuerung mehrwelliger Felder (Panel-Befragung, postalische Befragungen mit mehrfachen Mahnaktionen u.ä.).' Das vorliegende Handbuch gibt eine Programmübersicht und eine Beschreibung des Feldsteuerungsprogramms. (psz)

This paper reports on a new methodology to estimate the "cost of crime." It is adapted from the contingent valuation method used in the environmental economics literature and is itself used to estimate the public's willingness to pay for crime control programs. In a nationally representative sample of 1,300 U.S. residents, we found that the typical household would be willing to pay between $100 and $150 per year for programs that reduced specific crimes by 10 percent in their communities. This willingness amounts, collectively, to approximately $25,000 per burglary, $70,000 per serious assault, $232,000 per armed

Canada has been and is facing economic problems very similar to those of concern in the United States. In October 1975 the Canadian government passed the Anti- Inflation Act that imposes wage and salary controls on Canadian businesses and governmental units. "Here is ...