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This study was conducted in response to the lack of green office buildings in Malaysia, despite the fact that the green concept has been initiated in Malaysia for many years. The Penang State Government has taken the initiative to establish the Penang Green Council (PGC) as the first state in Malaysia, and the implementation of green offices is one of its programme initiatives. Nonetheless, green offices are still in scarcity across Penang. This study identified the challenges faced in implementing green offices. Data were collected from five green building owners using semi-structured interviews and the data were analysed using thematic analysis. The outcomes revealed that the main challenges faced by green office adoption were lack of budget, lack of awareness, lack of expertise, ownership factor, and type of building. This study offers several implications for practitioners and policy makers to improve the adoption of green office in Malaysia. The results may be applied to raise awareness amongst practitioners and office owners regarding green practices in office buildings. The study outcomes may serve as reference to policy makers on enhancing the development of green buildings.

AbstractDespite the various environmental regulations to address the negative effect of construction activities on the environment, the construction sector is still slow to implement green practices (GPs). To encourage construction firms to implement GPs, these firms should be convinced that GPs are a financially viable endeavour. This paper aimed to analyse the influence of GPs on corporate financial performance (CFP) and investigate whether firm size influences that effect. A survey was employed to gather information from Malaysian construction firms, and the data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The findings indicate that green supplier management, green subcontractor management, and green project management have significant effects on CFP and that large firms with high levels of green business practices and green project management attained higher CFP than small and medium enterprises. Policymakers and managers should take a flexible approach to boost GPs in the construction industry.

AbstractIn an attempt to curb the hazardous effect of construction activities, there is a heightened debate about whether the perceptions of green practice (GP) advantages will encourage the adoption of GPs and improve environmental performance (EnvP). This article investigates the role of environmental, economic and reputational advantages of GPs and their relationship with EnvP. The data were collected from 148 project managers from the Malaysian construction industry and analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling. The results demonstrated that the relationship between green supply management and EnvP is more pronounced when environmental and reputational advantages are perceived as low, with the strongest effects derived from low perception of environmental advantage. The results advance existing knowledge by verifying the moderating effects of the advantages of various GPs. At the end of the article, several recommendations are made to help policy makers and project managers improve the EnvP of construction projects.

The construction industry has significant impacts on the environment. Abound the efforts to induce a greater green implementation in the construction project, it has been argued that the usage of green building materials in construction projects can help to minimize the production of waste and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. This article's objective is to identify the degree of compliance with the green building materials criteria by wood and cement manufacturers. The green building materials criteria were conceptualized as part of the sustainability movement in which the term green is used to refer to a clean environment and unpolluted atmosphere. To verify the compliance of the manufacturers through the green building materials criteria, a questionnaire survey supported by an interview was conducted. The results show that most Malaysian green manufacturers complied with the green criteria, which converged all three principles including environmental impact, resource management, and recycling implementation. This article provides a basis upon which existing and new manufacturers can produce green building materials thoroughly in accordance with the listed criteria. Clearly, the manufacturers' compliance with the green building materials criteria has several impacts on the development of the construction industry such that a green building material production process will stimulate a balanced ecosystem and prevent an environmental catastrophe.

There is large call in Malaysia to study on how tertiary students perceived the performance of service quality of student housing; and to understand on how they translated their perceptions into behavioural intentions and personal attainments. The rationale for this paper is to explain the elements which constitute behavioural intentions and personal attainments; which is based on conventional reviews of plentiful volume of published journals from 1985 until 2014 in the area of student housing research. The results of the review clarified that behavioural intentions consist of favourable and unfavourable intentions; while personal attainments comprise of intellectual and self-development gains.

The recent debate on innovation within an organizational setting has shifted focus toward discussing whether innovation is being adopted or being created. This shift is due to the failure of many innovation efforts and the fact that for each innovation creation or innovation adoption, different skills, resources, and cultures are needed to encourage each innovation. The objective of this article is to explore the type of innovation implemented by the construction participants. A conceptual model of innovation creation and innovation adoption was developed using four criteria: by justification of new ideas, by purposes, by activities involved, and by nature. Face-to-face questionnaires were conducted with developers, consulting firms, and contractors in Penang, Malaysia. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Factor analysis was used to classify the innovation creation and innovation adoption. The results show that the construction participants in Malaysia are categorized as an innovation adopter. This result provides better understanding about the type of innovation implemented by the construction participants, in particular the contractors and the consulting firms. The results could also be used as a foundation for conducting future research to identify appropriate skills, knowledge, culture, and resources for such innovations.

Ecotourism forms the pillar of the country's tourism industry. Ecotourists make up more than 10% of international tourists in Malaysia. When service quality is thought of as an important factor to the success of tourism service providers, the importance of estimating service quality provided to tourists becomes apparent. Estimating service quality provides tourism service providers with the necessary information needed to manage their marketing operations appropriately. Therefore, this estimation should be performed with the right measurement scales. Despite the high volume of research on service quality (SERVQUAL) models in recent years, limited effort has been directed toward improving the tool for measuring service quality, particularly to apply to the ecotourism sector in developing countries. This article aims to improve a SERVQUAL model that is suitable for ecotourism areas in developing countries using five dimensions of the original model and one additional sustainability dimension. Based on a survey of 127 tourists in Tasik Kenyir, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to discover the underlying dimension of ecotourism services and test for reliability and validity. Using EFA resulted in seven factors totaling 27 items. These factors are labeled as follows: tangible sustainability, sustainable practices, tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results reveal that when SERVQUAL is applied within the ecotourism context, new dimensions of tangible sustainability and sustainable practices may emerge. The result implies the need to refine the SERVQUAL model when used in different contexts.