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The studies collected in this work are the updated and revised versions of the reports and commentaries presented at an international conference on European Law held in September 1995. The aim of the conference was to stimulate informed reflection and debate on a number of fundamental issues relating to the impending revision of the Treaty on European Union and to discuss the sort of sensible legal options and realistic avenues of thought that could assist those involved with the work of the actual Intergovernmental Council (IGC). The contributions are grouped around three major themes: an exploration of the framework of the revision debate; general institutional questions; the general architecture of the Union and the scope of the powers of the Community and the Union. Questions that are addressed in this work are among others: Is it possible in the near future to simplify the procedure for amending the Treaty on European Union? Is the objective of the European Union in the long-term to become a European superstate, a constitutional order of States or merely an advanced type of international organization? What are the chances and pitfalls of allowing increased differentiated integration? The book concludes with a comprehensive summing-up and annexed are the Reflection Group's Report of 5 December 1995 as well as an extensive table of legal provisions and a table of cases

This Element is a user's guide to the cultural history of warfare since 1914. It provides summaries of the basic questions historians have posed in what is now a truly global field of research. It is divided into three parts. The first provides an introduction to the cultural history of the state, focusing on the institutions of violence, both political and military, as well as introducing the key concept of the civilianization of war. The second part addresses civil society at war. It asks the question as to how do men and women try to make sense and attach meaning to the violence and cruelty of war. It also explores commemoration, religious life, humanitarianism, painting, cinema and the visual arts, and war literature and testimony. The third part explores the family, gender and migration in wartime, and shows how modern war continues to transform the world in which we live today.

"In the wake of the monstrous projects of Hitler, Stalin, Mao, and others in the twentieth century, the idea of utopia has been discredited. Yet, historian Jay Winter suggests, alongside the "major utopians" who murdered millions in their attempts to transform the world were disaparate groups of individuals trying to imagine a radically better world. This book focuses on some of the twentieth century's "minor utopias," whose stories, overshadowed by the Holocaust and the Gulag, suggest that the future need not be as catastrophic as the past."--Jacket

"In the wake of the monstrous projects of Hitler, Stalin, Mao, and others in the twentieth century, the idea of utopia has been discredited. Yet, historian Jay Winter suggests, alongside the "major utopians" who murdered millions in their attempts to transform the world were disaparate groups of individuals trying to imagine a radically better world. This book focuses on some of the twentieth century's "minor utopias," whose stories, overshadowed by the Holocaust and the Gulag, suggest that the future need not be as catastrophic as the past."--Jacket

Bob is concerned with worldwide 'civil public opinion' which can be influenced by 'transitional advocacy networks' (TANs), in that these may be able to bring otherwise disinterested foreign governments to exert diplomatic pressure in their support, and also with the activities of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that involve themselves in international affairs on behalf of their own choice ideologies.

The Israel connection whose impact on American Jews David Mittelberg examines is that
engendered by a visit to Israel by an American Jew, not that of any special relationship between
the nation-state of Israel and of the United States. The book's conclusions, then, are not
offered with an eye toward Israeli or American foreign policy. Instead, they are offered as a
possible contribution to those "formulating strategies and allocating resources which will
have an impact on Jewish education and community survival" (p. 2) in the United States.
Mittelberg advises those engaged in such activities that the survival of an American Jewish
identity requires not only a religious component, but also an ethnic one based in a Jewish
community. Moreover, that community "must choose to exist not mainly for the sake of
philanthropic, social welfare, and political activities, but as an end unto itself [whose]
boundaries include all of Jewish history and Jewish peoplehood" (p. 133).

It is generally recognised that the distribution of vertebrates in rainforest
and wet sclerophyll forest of the Wet Tropics region of north-eastern
Australia is profoundly influenced by the formation of two rainforest refugia
at the height of Pleistocene glacial periods. Anomalies in the distribution of
non-volant mammals indicate that other events may be equally important. In
this paper, past geographical occurrence of non-volant mammals is examined by
equating the mammals' known temperature tolerance with palaeoclimatic
temperature zones. It is hypothesised that dispersal and vicariant phases
taking place since the most recent glacial period have had a profound
influence on current patterns of distribution. A major dispersal phase of
cool-adapted species occurred after the glacial period, and continuous
populations were subsequently fragmented into upland isolates by expansion of
warm rainforest during the late post-glacial period. These upland isolates
remain substantially unchanged to the present day. Species shared either with
New Guinea or south-eastern Australia arrived in the region during the most
recent post-glacial period. Clarification of periods of vicariance and
dispersal provides a conceptual framework for testing relative divergences of
populations within and between regions.