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An introduction to a special journal issue (see related abstracts in SA 44:4) discusses challenges of an increasingly urbanized world, links of cities to economic growth, & the turmoil of economic globalization. By 2025, 61% of the world's 5 billion population will be urban; most megacities will be in the southern hemisphere. Symptoms of this transitional period of humankind are: robotization & world assemblage in industry & changes in job structure; & more capital in mutual, pension, & insurance funds than in banks with rapid circulation throughout capital markets. Pollution, lack of adequate shelter & homes, violence, crime, & traffic congestion are manifestations of social inequity, economic underdevelopment, management shortcomings & corruption, social & psychologocal reactions to migration, & employment instabilities. Conversely, cities are the core of opportunities & a fertile melting pot. All the urban social & health indicators are better now than in the 1950s, although the gap between rich & poor countries & people doubled 1962-1992. To solve these problems, central governments & international partners must collaborate with cities & nongovernmental organizations. 1 Table, 1 Photograph. Adapted from the source document.

Ensayo sobre el origen de la rapida metropolizacion de los nucleos urbanos brasilenos y el inmanente caracter antidemocratico de la conformacion del espacio en los ultimos treinta anos. El proceso de industrializacion, entendido como una rasante especializacion sectorial, y las estrategias de desarrollo, llevadas a cabo como etapas de modernizacion selectiva, crearon las condiciones para los desniveles del sistema productivo y la exclusion de grandes sectores de la poblacion de los provechos de la industrializacion