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This article discusses the history of Mexico's foreign policy towards Nicaragua and El Salvador over the course of a decade, by examining the participation of two prominent diplomats: Antonio de Icaza and Gustavo Iruegas. Due to their valuable testimonials, we can piece together the three different approaches through which they dealt with the increasing political conflicts in this region: the first was based on Mexico's traditional foreign policy principles; the second relied on their diplomatic skills to achieve their objectives without directly confronting the governments of the othercountries; and finally, the third one went beyond their official functions and consisted in supporting revolutionary organizations. The latter was a conspirative diplomacy, conducted on the sidelines of an official foreign policy, but with the full support of both the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Mexican Presidency. Keywords: Mexico; Nicaragua; El Salvador; Iruegas; Icaza; Diplomacy; Asylum

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<p>Cuatro análisis de carácter económico para países latinoamericanos cuyo desarrollo se ha circunscrito a la producción de petróleo. Los casos de México, Paraguay y Venezuela son tratados bajo la perspectiva del contexto internacional y a través del estudio de los factores internos que condicionan su desarrollo. También se trata el fenómeno del neocolonialismo en las Antillas y se analizan las causas que impiden el desarrollo de una economía regional integral.</p>

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Fuimos mucho más que dos: testimonio de la esposa de un diplomático sobre el asilo en embajadas mexicanas

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<p>Durante los primeros años del siglo xx , los conflictos políticos entre los países centroamericanos se incrementaron . Por ello los presidentes de Estados Unidos y de México, Theodore Roosevelt y Porfirio Diaz, optaron por una política mediadora para promover la paz en la región y defender sus intereses en el istmo</p>

<p>Durante su primera gestiónn, el secretario de Estado James G. Blaine manifestó una preocupación fundamental por proteger los intereses de su país en el istmo<br />centroamericano. De aquí que desarrollaró una política exterior activa que buscaba mantener la hegemonía estadunidense en la discusión y solución de los principales<br />problemas regionales.</p>

Intro -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Figures -- Maps -- Tables -- About the Editors -- About the Authors -- Introduction -- Note -- Part I: Violence, refuge, and trade on a porous border -- 1. Porous borders: the Soconusco between Chiapas and Guatemala, 1824-1882 -- Introduction -- Diffuse limits of the "neutral" Soconusco between 1824 and 1842 -- Boundaries of the Soconusco after 1842 -- Boundary projects between 1842 and 1882 -- Final reflections -- Notes -- References -- Archives -- Periodicals -- Bibliography -- 2. Wars and trade: the Chiapas-Guatemala cross-border space as a territory of political refuge, 1825-1863 -- Introduction -- Background -- Political circulations -- Exiles of 1839-1840 -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Archives -- Periodicals -- Bibliography -- 3. Guatemalan refuge in Mexico: views of violence and forced displacement in recent history -- Introduction -- Violence and genocide in Guatemala -- The exodus from Guatemala -- Refuge in Mexico -- The adversities of refuge -- Relocation and return -- Mexico as a site of violence -- The military incursions -- Massacres in the refugee camps -- Violence in Mexico -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Archives -- Periodicals -- Bibliography -- Part II: Mexico and Guatemala: managing cross-border problems -- 4. Border issues and their historical management by local political institutions, 1930-1990 -- Introduction -- Political institutions on the border -- Questions of territory and resources -- Migrations and human movement -- Trade and smuggling -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Archives -- Bibliography -- 5. Institutional constraints for cross-border land planning in Guatemala and Mexico -- Introduction -- Components of an interpretative framework -- Regarding multilevel governance -- Institutional constraints -- Land planning.