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In this paper, we discuss the implementation of Capacity Remuneration Mechanisms (CRM) in the European Union (EU). We first illustrate that the costs of CRMs in the EU are significantly lower than in the US. Next, we discuss how the Clean Energy Package (CEP) intends to limit the future role of CRMs. Two steps are introduced to check if CRMs are really needed: a European resource adequacy assessment and a national implementation plan to improve current electricity market design. In case residual adequacy concerns persist, the CEP also includes provisions to guide the design of a CRM. Last, we discuss the role of the consumer in securing resource adequacy in the future.

A multitude of articles in the Clean Energy Package (CEP) Directive on common rules for the internal market for electricity (e-Directive) guide Member States (MS) to innovate in new domains related to the electricity system.2 In short, these articles set principles lining out the boundaries for the implementation of national regulatory frameworks. At the same time, these same new domains fall within the scope of network code areas identified in the CEP Regulation on the internal market for electricity (e-Regulation).3 More precisely, in Art. 59 of the e-Regulation areas are described for which binding Commission Regulations can be developed. Some of the network code areas in Art. 59 were already described in the Third Energy Package, which preceded the CEP, and lay at the basis of eight network codes and guidelines which are currently in force. The new e-Regulation added some new network code areas and amended some existing ones. The general idea is that innovation with regulation at MS-level, triggered by the e-Directive, can in the longer term serve for inspiration for new network codes or guidelines at EU-level or for amendments of existing ones. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 824330

Work Package 7 (WP7) of the Progress on Meshed HVDC Offshore Transmission Networks (PROMOTioN) Horizon 2020 project focuses on various legal, financial and economic aspects of developing an integrated offshore infrastructure. Task 7.2 focuses on the development of an economic framework for the offshore grid in terms of three building blocks, namely: planning, investment, and operation. 1. Offshore grid planning comprises three topics, namely: Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) methods, onshoreoffshore coordination, and public participation. 2. Offshore grid investment comprises four topics: cooperation mechanisms for renewable support, transmission tariffs, investment incentives, and Cross-Border Cost Allocation (CBCA) methods. 3. Offshore grid operation focuses on the balancing mechanism in the offshore wind context. This final report extends our intermediate report with the addition of three new topics: incentives, CBCA and the balancing mechanism. The remaining chapters are identical to the intermediate report. In this section, we provide a summary of the research that has been undertaken so far and the main conclusions from our analysis. ; This result is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 691714.

This deliverable consists of an introduction and two main parts. Each part consists of two sections:Data exchange and interoperability and Demand-side flexibility. The two main topics of this interim deliverable, data exchange and interoperability and Demand-Side Flexibility (DSF), were identified as relevant research domains in the regulatory gap analysis performed in INTERRFACE Deliverable D2.4 Completed Regulatory Framework (Schittekatte et al. 2019).1 These two topics have been listed as European priority legislations. The relevance of the network code on Demand-Side Flexibility (DSF) has been confirmed in the priority list for new network codes for 2020-2023 published on 14 October 2020 by the European Commission. The implementing act on interoperability is described as a priority action in the European Energy System Integration Strategy published in July 2020 by the European Commission. Please note that our work around flexibility market design as part of D2.4 is also very relevant with regards to the planned new network code on DSF. We chose not to include that research in this deliverable as it is already published as part of D2.4 but we plan to integrate it, possibly including some updates, in the final deliverable of T9.4. The research results have a two-fold purpose. First, the research results feed into the ongoing discussions at national and European level around the new European legislations. Second, the research results are of direct use for the project partners who are involved in the INTERRFACE demonstrators. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 824330