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"TABLE OF CONTENTS" -- "FOREWORD" -- "TERTIARY EDUCATION AS A GLOBAL POLICY CONCERN" -- "MASSIFICATION AND PRIVATIZATION" -- "FUTURE CHALLENGES" -- "INTRODUCTION" -- "NOTES" -- "CHAPTER 1: THE CHANGING CONTEXT: New Challenges, New Opportunities" -- "INTRODUCTION: KNOWLEDGE AND INNOVATION AS DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT" -- "CHANGING LABOR MARKETS IN THE DIGITAL ERA" -- "THE EVOLVING TERTIARY EDUCATION ECOSYSTEM" -- "New Forms of Accountability" -- "Globalization" -- "New Providers and New Education Technologies" -- "CONCLUSION: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES" -- "NOTES" -- "CHAPTER 2: THE CONTRIBUTION OF TERTIARY EDUCATION: Theory vs. Reality" -- "ROLE AND BENEFITS OF TERTIARY EDUCATION" -- "THE REALITY OF TERTIARY EDUCATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: LONG-STANDING AND NEW CHALLENGES" -- "Unequal Performance" -- "The Determinants of Performance" -- "NOTES" -- "CHAPTER 3: DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING SYSTEM-WIDE REFORMS" -- "IGNITION PHASE" -- "ELABORATION OF A VISION FOR THE FUTURE OF THE TERTIARY EDUCATION SYSTEM" -- "FORMULATION OF A SET OF STRATEGIC MEASURES" -- "Increasing Access and Equity" -- "Improving Quality and Relevance" -- "Strengthening the Research System" -- "LAUNCH OF THE REFORM" -- "ENSURING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF THE REFORM" -- "NOTES" -- "CHAPTER 4: ENSURING FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: What is at Stake?" -- "ELEMENTS OF A SUSTAINABLE FINANCING STRATEGY" -- "STRATEGIC DECISIONS INFLUENCING FINANCING REQUIREMENTS" -- "Development of the Non-University Sub-Sector" -- "Distance Education Institutions and Virtual Education" -- "Development of the Private Sector" -- "Removing Systemic Barriers and Achieving Synergies" -- "RESOURCE MOBILIZATION OPTIONS" -- "Increasing Public Resources" -- "Cost Sharing and Student Aid" -- "Income Generation" -- "Innovative Models: Social Innovation and Tertiary Education Funding

The article presents the principal results of an international survey aiming atassessing the nature and extent of policy commitments of national governments to address inequalities in access to and success in higher education. It looks at evolving definitions of equity target groups, reviews the principal instruments on which governments rely to eliminate barriers to access and success for all social groups, and proposes a benchmarking of countries from the viewpoint of the consistency between their policy objectives and actual commitments to equity in higher education.

In the era of global rankings, many governments want to make sure that their top universities are actually operating at the cutting edge of intellectual and scientific development. A major concern has therefore been to identify the most effective method for inducing substantial and rapid progress in a country's top universities. In order to accelerate the process of improving their top universities, several governments have launched so-called "excellence initiatives", consisting of large injections of additional funding to boost their university sector. This article assesses the impact of these initiatives on the universities involved and on the rest of the tertiary education system. While the first section analyzes the main features of excellence initiatives, the second part examines their results as well as their limitations.

This paper examines the impact of the path-breaking 2000 report entitled "Higher Education in Developing Countries: Peril and Promise," which called for scaling up investment in tertiary education and research as a key vehicle to equip developing countries with the knowledge and qualified manpower needed to fight poverty and accelerate economic growth. Written by a distinguished group of independent experts with financial support from several donor agencies, the report had a major influence on the policies of developing countries and the type of interventions that donor agencies fund to accompany the tertiary education development of these nations. The article also reviews major global changes in the context and content of higher education, the "quiet revolution" of quality assurance, the impact of disruptive factors such as the financial crisis, the technological revolution, the "excellence initiatives" in several countries, and gives recommendations on how to move forward.---Cet article examine l'impact du rapport révolutionnaire publié en 2000 et intitulé « L'Enseignement supérieur dans les pays en voie de développement : Péril et promesse », qui préconisait un accroissement de l'investissement dans l'enseignement supérieur et la recherche comme vecteur essentiel pour munir les pays en voie de développement du savoir et de la main d'œuvre qualifiée nécessaires pour lutter contre la pauvreté et accélérer la croissance économique. Rédigé par un groupe distingué d'experts indépendants, avec le soutien financier de plusieurs organismes donateurs, le rapport eut une influence majeure sur les politiques des pays en voie de développement et le type d'interventions que les organismes donateurs financent pour accompagner le développement de l'enseignement supérieur de ces nations. Cet article passe en outre en revue les principaux changements mondiaux dans le contexte ainsi que dans le contenu de l'enseignement supérieur - la « révolution tranquille » de l'assurance qualité, l'impact de facteurs disruptifs tels que la ...

This article examines how different governments, especially those with repressive regimes, throughout the world react to accusations of human rights violations by independent non-governmental organizations such as Amnesty International. It makes the case that, regardless of differences in ideological orientation or type of political regime, governments use similar arguments to refute accusations against their human rights record. Five broad categories of arguments are identified and illustrated with actual quotations. Finally, the article discusses the validity of these arguments, comparing the rhetoric of governments with real life practices in terms of human rights protection or violation. RÉSUMÉ Cet article se penche sur la façon dont les gouvernements du monde entier réagissent aux accusations de violation des droits de l'homme lancées par des organisations non gouvernementales indépendantes comme Amnistie Internationale. L'auteur soutient que, quels que soient les différences d'orientation idéologique ou le type de régime politique, les gouvernements recourent à des arguments analogues pour rejeter les accusations lancées contre leur palmarès en matière de droits de l'homme. Cinq grandes catégories d'arguments sont identifiées et illustrées par des citations. Enfin, l'auteur analyse la validité de ces arguments, en comparant la réthorique des gouvernements à la réalité de la vie en termes de protection ou de violation des droits de l'homme.

Moroccan Economic and Social Bulletin ; N° 136-137 ; Moroccan Economic and Social Bulletin ; Périodiques Bulletin économique et social du Maroc ; Moroccan Economic and Social Bulletin ; BESM-article_136-137-03

The main objective of this article is to examine the role and usefulness of public information mechanisms, such as the rankings and similar classification instruments that are increasingly relied upon to measure and compare the performance of tertiary education institutions. The article begins with a typology of ranking instruments used for public accountability purposes, followed by a discussion of the political economy of the ranking phenomenon. It then attempts to assess their respective merits and disadvantages and makes some recommendations for policy-makers, tertiary education institutions, and the public at large. ; Peer Reviewed