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Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy presents a selection of the best current work in the history of early modern philosophy. It focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries - the extraordinary period of intellectual flourishing that begins, very roughly, with Descartes and his contemporaries and ends with Kant.

"How did an obscure academic idea pave the way to the Holocaust within just fifty years? Inspired by Darwin's ideas about evolution, the concept of race purification through eugenics arose in Victorian England and quickly spread to America, where it was embraced by presidents, funded by Gilded Age monopolists, and enshrined into racist American laws that became the ideological cornerstone of the Third Reich. Despite this horrific legacy, eugenics looms large today, suffusing our language and culture and echoing uneasily in discussions of modern gene editing techniques. In Control, Adam Rutherford presents "a remarkable combination of intelligence, knowledge, insight and admirable political passion, on a serious moral problem in contemporary society." (Carlo Rovelli). With disarming wit and scientific precision, he traces its intellectual origins and confronts the recurring question of whether eugenics could actually work. Control explains why eugenics remains so tempting to powerful people who wish to improve society through reproductive control, and the scientific impossibility of doing so"--

Written as an introduction to the discipline of human factors, the authors highlight key principles and theories and relate these to aspects of paramedic practice. Containing practical prehospital examples, this resource provides a firm understanding of systems thinking and design, enabling you to look for instances where the principles of human factors might be applied in your own practice.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Review of Size Estimation Methods -- 1.1 The Importance of Population Size Estimation for Key Groups in the Context of HIV -- 1.2 Direct Population Size Estimation Methods -- 1.2.1 Population-Based Surveys -- 1.2.2 Census/Enumeration Method -- 1.2.3 Nomination Method -- 1.2.4 Capture-Recapture Method -- 1.2.5 Multiplier Method -- 1.3 Indirect Population Size Estimation Methods -- 1.3.1 Cross-Wise Method -- 1.3.2 Network Scale-up Method -- 1.3.3 Proxy Respondent Method -- 1.4 Advantages of Network Scale-up Over Other Size Estimation Methods -- 1.5 Requirements of Network Scale-up -- 1.5.1 Network Size -- 1.5.2 Preliminary Size Estimation -- 1.5.3 Correction Factors -- References -- 2 Methods to Estimate the Average Social Network Size -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Direct Estimation of C -- 2.2.1 Global Method -- 2.2.2 Summation Method -- 2.3 Indirect Estimation of C: Reference Groups Approach -- 2.3.1 Incorporating Multiple Reference Groups -- 2.3.1.2 Means of Sums Estimator -- 2.4 Considerations in Selecting Appropriate Reference Groups -- 2.4.1 Visibility -- 2.4.2 Barrier Effect -- 2.4.3 Cognitive Error -- 2.4.4 Attractiveness Bias -- 2.4.5 Racal Bias -- 2.4.6 Conclusion -- 2.5 Calibration of Calculated Average Social Network Size -- 2.6 Which Factors Affects Average Network Size? -- 2.6.1 Summation versus Traditional Reference Group Method -- 2.6.2 Missing Data -- 2.6.3 Joint Effect of Estimator, Definition of Ratio, and Its Tolerable Range -- 2.6.4 Joint Effect of Estimator, Missing Data, and Calibration -- 2.6.5 Digit Preference -- 2.6.6 Effect of Type of Network Size and Geographical Zone -- 2.6.7 Conclusion -- 2.7 Network Size Variation at the Subnational Level -- 2.8 Aggregation of Different Estimates -- 2.9 Effect of Demographic Characteristics on Network Size -- 2.9.1 Conclusion.

Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy presents a selection of the best current work in the history of early modern philosophy. It focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries - the extraordinary period of intellectual flourishing that begins, very roughly, with Descartes and his contemporaries and ends with Kant.

""He that resists the power ... resists the ordinance of God, and God's lawful constitution. But he who resists the man who is the king, commanding that which is against God and killing the innocent, resists no ordinance of God, but an ordinance of sin and Satan; for a man commanding unjustly and ruling tyrannically has in that no power from God." From Samuel Rutherford's Lex Rex The Reformation in England and Scotland was in crisis. The English Civil War had just begun due to the attempts by Charles to impose popish rituals on the church and to assert his divine right as king to overrule parliament. Against these grandiose claims the Scottish pastor Samuel Rutherford wrote a book that changed the course of western civilization. In a very learned work, Rutherford shows from both Scripture, classical authors, and scholastic theologians that the king is not above the law and that when he violates it flagrantly the people are right to resist him, even to the point of war. The title Lex Rex is Latin for "Law is King." Divine right theorists had said that the King was the law, but Rutherford reverses this and shows that natural law is above the king, and thus there are times when citizens can and must obey God rather than man. This book changed western political philosophy forever and led to the thinking that ennabled the American revolution. "Rutherford was a practical and pastoral theologian who could soar to great heights of glorious consolation. Rutherford was the one who said that when he was in the cellar of affliction, he would look for Christ's choicest wines. He also said that "dry wells send us to the fountain," and "if contentment were here, heaven were not heaven," and "there are many heads lying in Christ's bosom, but there is room for yours among the rest . But Rutherford was also a bare-knuckle brawler who was clearly able to hold his own in the theological bar fight that was the sixteenth century. You are now holding in your hands the evidence of that." From Douglas Wilson's introduction"--

Chapter 1: Introduction – redeploying urban infrastructure -- Chapter 2: Water infrastructures, suburban living spaces and remaking socio-technical configurations in outer Stockholm -- Chapter 3: Engaging urban materialities of low carbon transformation in the green capital of Europe -- Chapter 4: Active infrastructures and the spirit of energy transition in Paris -- Chapter 5: Infrastructure integration and eco-city futures: permeability and politics of the closed loop of Hammarby Sjöstad -- Chapter 6: Smart grids and enhancing urban systems: reflections on ordering and disordering the city -- Chapter 7: Conclusion – infrastructure futures

This work presents a selection of the best current work in the history of early modern philosophy. It focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries - the extraordinary period of intellectual flourishing that begins, very roughly, with Descartes and his contemporaries and ends with Kant.