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1. Introduction -- 2. Assessment and measurement of body image -- 3. Body change strategies, appearance management, and health -- 4. Physical and biological factors that influence body image -- 5. The media and body image -- 6. Peer influences on body image -- 7. The family -- 8. Culture and other sociocultural factors -- 9. Individual factors -- 10. Sport -- 11. The impact of schools and teachers on body image -- 12. Preventing body dissatisfaction and promoting positive body image -- 13. What next? Recommendations for future research.

Self-reports of difficulty in discriminating right from left (R/L), a measure of the influence of social desirability, and motor performance on a discrimination task (a map test) were compared in males and females. Significantly more females reported some degree of R/L confusion
and there was a significant negative correlation between females' self-reports and social desirability scores. No such relationship was found for men's scores and no sex differences were evident during performance on the motor task.

The present study was designed to examine the factors that motivate or act as barriers to disclosure of substance use by pregnant women. Participants included 10 midwives and 10 pregnant women who attended two ante-natal clinics at an Australian maternity hospital. One clinic specialized in women who were substance users and one clinic was specifically for young women (under 19 years of age). Midwives and pregnant women were interviewed in-depth about disclosure of substance use. Interview transcripts were analyzed, and the results revealed six main themes: practice style, assessment of substance use, practice environment and privacy, child protection issues, health of the baby, and continuity of care. The findings are discussed in relation to recommendations for best practice in midwifery care when working with pregnant women who use substances.