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The lack of recognition of the Roma and Sinti communities in Italy remains a relevant issue. Despite of an evident complexity of unambiguous definition, to date no nationalities have been recognized at national level by the legislator, nor the specificities of the Romance language, let alone the cultural ones. Since the launch of the National Inclusion Strategy of Roma, Sinti and Caminanti, in 2012, however, the debate on the need for a legislative recognition by the State of the Roma and Sinte communities as a minority has intensified. It is the attempt to overcome the condition of a "de facto" identification matured over the years, in which a recognition, implicit, sectoral and variegated has been codified that reflects, in the modality of the interventions, the complexity of the institutional articulation of our system.