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Process oriented Knowledge Management (pKM) has been a widely discussed approach for KM initiatives. The approach ties business strategy closely to KM by connecting knowledge activities to key business processes. Social Software has been taken up in many domains as an organizational tool for managing knowledge. Up till now, the impact of being globally distributed (organizations and teams) has not been emphasized within the pKM view, nor has been the Social Software approach. The globally distributed, Social Software – supported approach has clear impacts for designing and implementing KM processes in the pKM view. Within this paper the authors clarify these implications with an integrated model for introducing Social Software tools for Knowledge Management and aligning those with KM as well as business processes. Their approach emphasizes on aligning the Social Software activities with KM coordination processes, knowledge-intensive business processes and knowledge activities. The authors' work also stresses the need to recognize and deal with KM barriers within the coordination processes in order to define and implement appropriate interventions and activities.

The goal of this paper is to recommend suitable competence assessment instruments and methods for assessing globalization competence in the Information Systems domain. This is done by matching globalization competences with suitable competence assessment methods. The results of the analysis indicate that the most applicable competence assessment methods for assessing globalization competences in the Information Systems domain are written format assessments (especially essays), candidate self-reports, live interactions (especially group work), and computer simulations. The validity of the outcome is confirmed through a mixed method of document analysis and expert interviews by analyzing and evaluating the assessment methods of Finnish higher education courses in the Information Systems field. Finally, a preliminary comparison between Finnish and Japanese assessment methods is conducted.

The protection, preservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems and their functions are of global importance. For European states it became legally binding mainly through the EUWater Framework Directive (WFD). In order to assess the ecological status of a given water body, aquatic biodiversity data are obtained and compared to a reference water body. The quantified mismatch obtained determines the extent of potential management actions. The current approach to biodiversity assessment is based on morpho-taxonomy. This approach has many drawbacks such as being time consuming, limited in temporal and spatial resolution, and error-prone due to the varying individual taxonomic expertise of the analysts. Novel genomic tools can overcome many of the aforementioned problems and could complement or even replace traditional bioassessment. Yet, a plethora of approaches are independently developed in different institutions, thereby hampering any concerted routine application. The goal of this Action is to nucleate a group of researchers across disciplines with the task to identify gold-standard genomic tools and novel ecogenomic indices for routine application in biodiversity assessments of European fresh- and marine water bodies. Furthermore, DNAqua-Net will provide a platform for training of the next generation of European researchers preparing them for the new technologies. Jointly with water managers, politicians, and other stakeholders, the group will develop a conceptual framework for the standard application of eco-genomic tools as part of legally binding assessments. ; European Cooperation in Science & Technology program (EU COST) ...

The paper outlines the current situation of Open Education / Open Educational Resources in the Nordic country. We show examples and practices - based on expert workshops, we discuss barriers and necessary actions to overcome those. The paper is meant to be dynamic and will be improved and further developed - be part of the process at http://www.nordlet.org Open Educational Resources are discussed widely on a global, European and even Nordic level. UNESCO coined the term Open Educational Resources (OER) some 10 years ago and published in June 2012 a global agenda for OER, the Paris Declaration (adopted by OER World Congress). The Declaration shows the importance of Open Educational Resources and givesrecommendations to governments and institutions around the globe. The European Union has started a large-scale initiative on "Opening Up Education" (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/documents/consult/open_en.pdf). Both the Nordic Council and the Nordic University Co-operation (NUS) will discuss OER in 2013. These developments inspired a Nordic initiative on promoting and utilizing Open Education in the Nordic countries with a focus on creating a strong base for OER and Open Educational Practices (OEP) in the region, also with a global outreach in mind. The Nordic countries have the potential to become a forerunner in OEP and the use of OER activities in Europe: 1 The Nordic countries share many values related to education and technology development; the political and governmental institutions are quite similar and there is a tradition for exchange f knowledge and solutions between the countries. Focusing on arelatively homogeneous region llows the newly-formed group to come up with specific recommendations that can reach the ears of policy makers, be implemented in policies and practice, and be used in new project proposals. 2 Open Educational Resources could potentially be a change agent in schools as well as in universities and vocational education. Having OER as scope allows the group to use one strong prism to reflect the crossroads the educational systems have to navigate in the target countries. In this document, we will briefly give an introduction to OER and reflect on the main recommendations as well as propose implementation actions for governments and institutions. ; The elearningeuropa.info portal is an initiative of the European Commission's Directorate-General for Education and Culture

Are the Nordic countries forerunners in Open Education? What is the state of the art, barriers and opportunities of Open Education in the Nordic countries? What are necessary actions on policy, institutional and individual levels? These are the main questions of this paper. Open Educational Resources are discussed widely on a global, European and even Nordic level. UNESCO, which has coined the term Open Educational Resources (OER) some 10 years ago, published in June 2012 a global agenda for OER, the Paris Declaration (adopted by OER World Congress). The Declaration shows the importance of Open Educational Resources and gives recommendations to governments and institutions around the globe. The European Union has started a large-scale initiative on "Opening Up Education" (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/documents/consult/open_en.pdf). The concept of OER seems promising, potentially leading to educational collaborations, having potential for stimulating innovation in education, reducing cost of education, and broadening access to education for all. However, the awareness on the opportunities of using OERs is still low in the Nordic countries. In contrast to Open Access (for publications) or Open Source (for software development), OER are not yet broadly known and accepted / adopted. It is highly necessary to combine the initiatives and ideas of open approaches. This is the case at a user level as well as on policy level (see also Clements & Pawlowski, 2012). Therefore, it is important to promote OER to governments at all levels as well as to institutions. The Nordic countries seem to be a good ground for openness and sharing: the Nordic countries share many values related to education and technology development; the political and governmental institutions are quite similar – there is also a tradition for exchange of knowledge and solutions between the countries. In this paper, we briefly give an introduction to OER and reflect on the state if the art of Open Education in the Nordic countries. In expert workshops by the Nordic Open Education Alliance, barriers and possible interventions to overcome them were explored. Based on these, we formulate recommendations as well as propose implementation actions. This study is based on a position paper from the Nordic Open Education Alliance (http://www.nordlet.org/?=position).

In 2010, the international year of biodiversity, new policies for preserving biodiversity in Europe and worldwide will be developed as targets set by older policies, such as to halt biodiversity loss in the EU by 2010, were not met. This paper aims at sharing the expertise LERU's members harbour to set the right priorities for new biodiversity policies.

This article is contribution 125 of Tara Oceans.-- 13 pages, 5 figures, supplementary materials https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj9309.-- Data and materials availability: The raw sediment sequencing data have been deposited to the ENA under project accessions PRJEB48517 (deep_sea) and PRJEB33873 (eDNAbyss). Accession numbers of additional raw sequencing data of pelagic and sediment samples analyzed in this study can be found in respective publications listed in table S2. All the metadata and R code to process the raw sequencing data and to reproduce the results and figures are available through a GitHub repository: https://github.com/trtcrd/DOS_V9 ; Remote deep-ocean sediment (DOS) ecosystems are among the least explored biomes on Earth. Genomic assessments of their biodiversity have failed to separate indigenous benthic organisms from sinking plankton. Here, we compare global-scale eukaryotic DNA metabarcoding datasets (18S-V9) from abyssal and lower bathyal surficial sediments and euphotic and aphotic ocean pelagic layers to distinguish plankton from benthic diversity in sediment material. Based on 1685 samples collected throughout the world ocean, we show that DOS diversity is at least threefold that in pelagic realms, with nearly two-thirds represented by abundant yet unknown eukaryotes. These benthic communities are spatially structured by ocean basins and particulate organic carbon (POC) flux from the upper ocean. Plankton DNA reaching the DOS originates from abundant species, with maximal deposition at high latitudes. Its seafloor DNA signature predicts variations in POC export from the surface and reveals previously overlooked taxa that may drive the biological carbon pump ; We further thank the following sponsors for support: the Swiss National Science Foundation (grants 31003A_159709, 31003A_1791259, and P2GEP3_171829), the Swiss Network for International Studies award (20170024), the European Research Council (grant 818449 AGENSI), CNRS (in particular, FR022), Sorbonne University, the French Government "Investissement d'Avenir" program OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), France Génomique, the Genoscope-CEA (ANR-10-INBS-09) for the project eDNAbyss (AP2016-228), Ifremer for the project Merlin "Pourquoi pas les Abysses," the German Research Foundation (grants BR1121/20-1 and BR1121/41-1 and the Center/Cluster of Excellence "The Ocean Floor—Earth's Uncharted Interface"), the German Ministry for Science and Education (grants 03G0223A and 03G0227A), EU JPIO-Oceans project MinigImpact-2 (German BMBF contract 03F0812E), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CTM2016-75083-R), European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (grant 678760 ATLAS), and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (grant GBMF5257 UniEuk). Samples from the UK-1 and OMS license areas in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone were collected as part of the ABYSSLINE project, funded by UK Seabed Resources Development Ltd. (contract SRDL SRD100100) ; With the institutional support of the 'Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence' accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S) ; Peer reviewed

The protection, preservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems and their functions are of global importance. For European states it became legally binding mainly through the EU-Water Framework Directive (WFD). In order to assess the ecological status of a given water body, aquatic biodiversity data are obtained and compared to a reference water body. The quantified mismatch obtained determines the extent of potential management actions. The current approach to biodiversity assessment is based on morpho-taxonomy. This approach has many drawbacks such as being time consuming, limited in temporal and spatial resolution, and error-prone due to the varying individual taxonomic expertise of the analysts. Novel genomic tools can overcome many of the aforementioned problems and could complement or even replace traditional bioassessment. Yet, a plethora of approaches are independently developed in different institutions, thereby hampering any concerted routine application. The goal of this Action is to nucleate a group of researchers across disciplines with the task to identify gold-standard genomic tools and novel eco-genomic indices for routine application in biodiversity assessments of European fresh- and marine water bodies. Furthermore, DNAqua-Net will provide a platform for training of the next generation of European researchers preparing them for the new technologies. Jointly with water managers, politicians, and other stakeholders, the group will develop a conceptual framework for the standard application of eco-genomic tools as part of legally binding assessments. ; ISSN:2367-7163

The protection, preservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems and their functions are of global importance. For European states it became legally binding mainly through the EUWater Framework Directive (WFD). In order to assess the ecological status of a given water body, aquatic biodiversity data are obtained and compared to a reference water body. The quantified mismatch obtained determines the extent of potential management actions. The current approach to biodiversity assessment is based on morpho-taxonomy. This approach has many drawbacks such as being time consuming, limited in temporal and spatial resolution, and error-prone due to the varying individual taxonomic expertise of the analysts. Novel genomic tools can overcome many of the aforementioned problems and could complement or even replace traditional bioassessment. Yet, a plethora of approaches are independently developed in different institutions, thereby hampering any concerted routine application. The goal of this Action is to nucleate a group of researchers across disciplines with the task to identify gold-standard genomic tools and novel ecogenomic indices for routine application in biodiversity assessments of European fresh- and marine water bodies. Furthermore, DNAqua-Net will provide a platform for training of the next generation of European researchers preparing them for the new technologies. Jointly with water managers, politicians, and other stakeholders, the group will develop a conceptual framework for the standard application of eco-genomic tools as part of legally binding assessments. ; Funding program European Cooperation in Science & Technology program (EU COST)