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The contemporary definition of "political correctness" did not begin to enter the cultural consciousness of Americans until the 1980s. Allan Bloom's criticism of higher education in The Closing of the American Mind sparked a conflict that has been continually discussed, satirized, and rehashed. With the election of President Trump in 2016 came a reenergized attack on P.C. culture, and a new wave of cultural critique in film, television, comedy, and literature. The New York Times articles collected in this volume cover the defining and redefining of political correctness since its inception, and suggest how this contentious concept may develop into the future. Media literacy questions and terms are included to further engage readers with the collection.

Intro -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 -- CHAPTER 3 -- CHAPTER 4 -- Introduction -- From Slavery to Emancipation -- The Chaplin Case -- The Colored Race -- Arrest of a Fugitive Slave -- An Indian Encounter. -- Letter of the Chinamen to his Excellency, Gov. Bigler. -- Douglas vs. Douglass, Settlement of Nebraska -- Decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott Case - The Position of Slavery in the Constitution. -- Emancipation. President Lincoln's Proclamation. THE NEW YORK TIMES -- The President's Proclamation -- The Consummation! Slavery Forever Dead in the United States. -- The South and the Negro Vote. -- The Conduct and Attitude of the Southern Opposition -- What Next? -- Plain Truths for the Negroes. -- Woman's Rights and the Fashions - A Rebuke from "Sojourner Truth." -- Louisiana's Separate Car Law. -- The Promise of Equality -- Race Problem Conference -- Speakers at Montgomery Discuss Lynching -- Extermination of Blacks Said to Be -- Is the Turk a White Man? -- Socialist Advises Negroes to Strike -- Written on the Screen -- A Woman's Protest -- Negroes Mob Photo Play. -- Bar Negro Women's Vote. -- Better Relations Between Races Sought At a Student Conference in the South -- New Racial Ideas Taught -- West Coast Moves to Oust Japanese -- Upholds Japanese in Citizens' Right -- Fifty Years of Crusading for the Negro in America -- How to Prevent Riots -- Move to Curb Racial Strife -- Housing Plan Sets Tenancy Standards -- Big Negro Colonies Worry West-Coast -- Texas Fights Bias to Insure Supply of Mexican Labor -- 'Wetback' Patrol to Be Stepped Up -- 500 Officers to Augment Unit of 256 on Mexico Border to Halt Ali -- The Civil Rights Era -- Racial Issues Stirred by Mississippi Killing -- Negroes' Boycott Cripples Bus Line -- Militia Sent to Little Rock -- School Integration Put Off -- Negro Protests Lead to Store Closings

Intro -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 -- CHAPTER 3 -- CHAPTER 4 -- CHAPTER 5 -- Introduction -- Struggles in the Transgender Community -- The Quest for Transgender Equality -- Estimate of U.S. Transgender Population Doubles to 1.4 Million Adults -- Boy Scouts, Reversing Century-Old Stance, Will Allow Transgender Boys -- She? Ze? They? What's in a Gender Pronoun -- Milestones in the American Transgender Movement -- The Struggle for Fairness for Transgender Workers -- Medicaid Work Requirements Are Yet Another Burden for Trans Workers -- How Should High Schools Define Sexes for Transgender Athletes? -- These Transgender Children Say They're Thriving. They Want to Help Others Do the Same. -- Who Gets to Play the Transgender Part? -- Beyond Caitlyn Jenner Lies a Long Struggle BY Transgender People -- Seventeen Transgender Killings Contrast with Growing Visibility -- Activists Say Police Abuse of Transgender People Persists Despite Reforms -- Poor, Transgender and Dressed for Arrest -- Violence Against Transgender People Is on the Rise, Advocates Say -- Transgender Access Laws in Schools -- As Transgender Students Make Gains, Schools Hesitate at Bathrooms -- Transgender Students and 'Bathroom Laws' in South Dakota and Beyond -- South Dakota Bill on Transgender Students' Bathroom Access Draws Ire -- U.S. Directs Public Schools to Allow Transgender Access to Restrooms -- Transgender Directives for Schools Draw Reaction from Across the Country -- Solace and Fury as Schools React to Transgender Policy -- Transgender Bathroom Debate Turns Personal at a Vermont High School -- How the Push to Advance Bathroom Rights for Transgender Americans Reached the White House -- How High School Students See the Transgender Bathroom Issue -- A Transgender Student Won Her Battle. Now It's War. -- Gavin Grimm -- For Transgender Americans, Legal Battles Over Restrooms

Intro -- Chapter 1 -- Chapter 2 -- Chapter 4 -- Chapter 5 -- Chapter 6 -- Introduction CHAPTER 1 -- A Nation of Immigrants -- Condemns Moves to Harass Aliens BY SAMUEL DICKSTEIN -- Within the Gates BY OSCAR HANDLIN -- Illegal Aliens' Health - and Ours BY THE NEW YORK TIMES -- Employers Warned on Alien Hiring BY MARVINE HOWE -- Don't Let the Amnesty Door Slam BY THE NEW YORK TIMES -- For Elderly Immigrants, a Retirement Plan in U.S. BY ASHLEY DUNN -- U.S. Official Is Indicted in Smuggling of Immigrants BY DANNY HAKIM -- U.S. to Give Border Patrol Agents the Power to Deport Illegal Aliens BY RACHEL L. SWARNS -- U.N. Report Cites Harassment of Immigrants Who Sought Asylum at American Airports BY RACHEL L. SWA -- Safety Stings at Work Sites Will Be Halted BY STEVEN GREENHOUSE -- Pink Slips at Disney. But First, Training Foreign Replacements. BY JULIA PRESTON -- ICE Deportation Cases: Your Questions Answered BY NIRAJ CHOKSHI AND VIVIAN YEE -- Former ICE Lawyer Pleads Guilty to Stealing Immigrants' Identities to Spend 190,000 BY MATTHEW HA -- The Southern Border -- Better Lives for Mexicans Cut Allure of Going North BY DAMIEN CAVE -- Immigration -- A Tale of Two Elections BY JULIÁN AGUILAR -- American Children, Now Struggling to Adjust to Life in Mexico BY DAMIEN CAVE -- How One Sport Is Keeping a Language, and a Culture, Alive BY WALTER THOMPSON-HERNÁNDEZ -- Texas Banned 'Sanctuary Cities.' Some Police Departments Didn't Get the Memo. BY MANNY FERNANDEZ -- CHAPTER 3 -- I.N.S. Ruling Benefits Illegal Immigrant Children BY MARVINE HOWE -- Mixed Scorecard for Immigrants' Children BY FORD FESSENDEN -- For DACA Recipients, Losing Protection and Work Permits Is Just the Start BY CAITLIN DICKERSON -- At Least 1,900 Immigrants Were Rejected Because of Mail Problems BY LIZ ROBBINS

Intro -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 -- Chapter 3 -- Facebook Leaves Its Users' Privacy Vulnerable -- How Researchers Learned to Use Facebook 'Likes' to Sway Your Thinking -- For Many Facebook Users, a 'Last Straw' That Led Them to Quit -- How Calls for Privacy May Upend Business for Facebook and Google -- Chapter 4

Intro -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 -- CHAPTER 3 -- CHAPTER 4 -- Introduction -- A New Frontier -- New Horizons Beckon, Inspiring Vision if Not Certainty -- New Mission for American Aerospace Giants -- Discovery Rekindles Wish for a Journey to the Stars -- Reality TV for the Red Planet -- In Traveling to the Stars, Risk and Cost -- Stephen Hawking Joins Russian Entrepreneur's Search for Alien Life -- Stratolaunch's Gargantuan Flying Launchpad Edges Toward the Skies -- Elon Musk's Plan: Get Humans to Mars, and Beyond -- Elon Musk's Mars Vision: A One-Size-Fits-All Rocket. A Very Big One. -- If No One Owns the Moon, Can Anyone Make Money Up There? -- At Mars, Jeff Bezos Hosted Roboticists, Astronauts, Other Brainiacs and Me -- Space as Big Business -- How To Get To Mars (And Make Millions!) -- Thrillionaires: The New Space Capitalists -- In New Space Race, Enter the Entrepreneurs -- NASA Awards 269 Million for Private Projects -- Private Sector Edges Deeper in Space -- Start-Up Sees a Gold Rush Among the Stars -- Big Day for a Space Entrepreneur Promising More -- A Business Plan for Space -- Jeff Bezos Lifts Veil on His Rocket Company, Blue Origin -- Space's Trash Collector? A Japanese Entrepreneur Wants the Job -- SpaceX Is Now One of the World's Most Valuable Privately Held Companies -- Finalists in NASA's Spacecraft Sweepstakes: A Drone on Titan, and a Comet-Chaser -- Space Tourists -- Take Me to Your Designer -- Entrepreneur Unveils New Tourist Spacecraft -- A New Exit to Space Readies for Business -- KLM to Offer a New Perk for Frequent Fliers: Outer Space -- Space Tourism May Mean One Giant Leap for Researchers -- Balloon Ride to Offer Expansive View, for a Price -- A Very High-Flying Scotsman -- Meet New Glenn, the Blue Origin Rocket That May Someday Take You to Space -- SpaceX Plans to Send 2 Tourists Around Moon in 2018

Intro -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 Transportation -- CHAPTER 3 Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies -- CHAPTER 4 -- CHAPTER 5 -- Introduction -- CHAPTER 1 The Sharing Economy -- Europe Without Hotels BY BENJI LANYADO -- The Smartphone Way to Beckon a Car BY JOSHUA BRUSTEIN -- Companies Built on Sharing Balk When It Comes to Regulators BY DAVID STREITFELD -- Businesses Turn to Airbnb BY MATT KRUPNICK -- In an Uber World, Fortune Favors the Freelancer BY TYLER COWEN -- What Uber Can Learn From Airbnb's Global Expansion BY MARK SCOTT -- Airbnb and Uber Mobilize Vast User Base to Sway Policy BY CONOR DOUGHERTY AND MIKE ISAAC -- Airbnb Pledges to Work with Cities and Pay 'Fair Share' of Taxes BY MIKE ISAAC -- What the Sharing Economy Really Delivers: Entitlement BY GINIA BELLAFANTE -- The Whatchamacallit Economy BY STEVEN GREENHOUSE -- CHAPTER 2 Transportation -- When Will Electric Cars Go Mainstream? It May Be Sooner Than You Think BY BRAD PLUMER -- Self-Driving Cars Might Need Standards, but Whose? BY JOHN R. QUAIN -- Uber Strikes Deal With Volvo to Bring Self-Driving Cars to Its Network BY MIKE ISAAC -- Self-Driving Uber Car Kills Pedestrian in Arizona, Where Robots Roam BY DAISUKE WAKABAYASHI -- Uber's Self-Driving Trucks Hit the Highway, but Not Local Roads BY DAISUKE WAKABAYASHI -- Full Tilt: When 100 % of Cars Are Autonomous BY THE NEW YORK TIMES -- Richard Branson's Virgin and Hyperloop One Transit Pods Become Fast Friends BY JACEY FORTIN -- Why Even the Hyperloop Probably Wouldn't Change Your Commute Time BY EMILY BADGER -- Falcon Heavy, in a Roar of Thunder, Carries SpaceX's Ambition Into Orbit BY KENNETH CHANG -- CHAPTER 3 Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies -- Speed Bumps on the Road to Virtual Cash BY NOAM COHEN -- Bubble or No, This Virtual Currency Is a Lot of Coin in Any Realm BY NOAM COHEN