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In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Volume 105, Issue 419, p. 285-293
ISSN: 0001-9909
World Affairs Online
In: FP, Issue 147, p. 87-89
ISSN: 0015-7228
World Development, Vol. 33, No. 1, January 2005, is reviewed.
In: SAIS review, Volume 17, Issue 1, p. 186-188
ISSN: 1088-3142
In: The journal of modern African studies: a quarterly survey of politics, economics & related topics in contemporary Africa, Volume 33, Issue 2, p. 189-209
ISSN: 1469-7777
Withoutthe overriding concern of Soviet domination, Americans are engaging in an introspective re-evaluation of their national interests, values, and priorities. Despite the heterogeneity of all the participants, including the key opinion-makers, a near-consensus has emerged that the United States should be pushing and supporting an external process that has come to be known as 'democratisation'. This policy stems from widespread perceptions about the special nature of America's identity and rôle in the world. The thesis presented here is that the United States is primarily defined by a particular liberal philosophy and concept of modernity, and that the projection of 'democracy' abroad is not necessarily a 'natural' or universal evolution of human development. Africa's increasing marginalisation has allowed certain groups committed to spreading 'American values' an unprecedented ability to shape policy and turn the continent into a liberal socio-political experiment.
In: The journal of modern African studies: a quarterly survey of politics, economics & related topics in contemporary Africa, Volume 33, Issue 2, p. 189-209
ISSN: 0022-278X
World Affairs Online
The complexities of African development -- Part 1: Historical and political context -- The colonial legacy -- Big men, personal rule, and patronage politics -- Party systems and democratic trajectories -- Conflict, war, and state fragility -- Part 2: Core development questions -- Growth and transformation -- The political economy of policy reform -- The international aid system -- Debt and déjà vu? -- Poverty, health, and human development -- Demography, urbanization, and inequality -- Part 3: Regionalism and globalization -- The African Union and regional institutions -- World trade and late industrialization -- Private investment and the business environment -- Part 4: Conclusion -- Uncertainty and optimism
World Affairs Online
In: Center for Global Development Working Paper No. 316
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In: Center for Global Development Working Paper No. 300
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In: Center for Global Development Working Paper No. 246
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In: Center for Global Development Working Paper No. 186
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In: International Journal of Development Issues, Volume 6, Issue 1, p. 3-25
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the historical origins of the international goal for rich countries to devote 0.7 per cent of gross national income (GNI) to aid, in order to assess its present relevance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews all the original documents, interviews decision makers of that era, and uses their same essential method to estimate a new goal with today's data.FindingsFirst, the target was calculated using a model which, applied to today's data, yields ludicrous results. Second, no government ever agreed in a UN forum to actually reach 0.7 per cent – though many pledged to move toward it. Third, ODA/GNI per se does not constitute a meaningful metric for the adequacy of aid flows.Research limitations/implicationsAny further work on aid targets must be based on a country‐by‐country assessment of realistic funding opportunities.Practical implicationsThe 0.7 per cent goal has no modern academic basis, has failed as a lobbying tool, and should be abandoned.Originality/valueAnyone who studies or works on the ways that rich countries can assist the development process must confront the 0.7 per cent goal sooner or later. The paper shows for the first time that it arose from an economic model with no modern credibility, and that – contrary to conventional wisdom – none of the UN documents contains a promise to meet the goal.
In: Afrique contemporaine: la revue de l'Afrique et du développement, Volume 219, Issue 3, p. 173-201
ISSN: 1782-138X
Résumé Comment quantifier l'aide internationale ? L'objectif de 0,7 % du RNB assigné aux pays riches est devenu la réponse standard de nombreux milieux officiels et une cause célèbre pour les activistes de l'aide. Les origines de cette cible soulèvent cependant des questions importantes quant à sa pertinence. Originellement, la cible des 0,7 % a été calculée en utilisant différentes hypothèses qui ne sont aujourd'hui plus valables et était justifiée par un modèle qui n'est plus considéré comme crédible. En utilisant essentiellement la méthode d'alors, adaptée aux conditions actuelles, on atteindrait un objectif d'à peine 0,01 %. Les auteurs ne prétendent en aucune façon qu'il s'agit là du taux « adéquat » de l'aide mais cet exercice montre la folie de cette méthode et des discours irréfléchis en faveur d'une aide s'élevant à 0,7 % du RNB, auxquels elle a conduit. Deuxièmement, ils montrent, preuves à l'appui, qu'en dépit de mauvaises interprétations fréquentes, aucun gouvernement n'a jamais formellement promis dans un forum des Nations unies d'atteindre cet objectif de 0,7 % – même si beaucoup se sont engagés à faire des efforts dans ce sens. Troisièmement, ils font valoir que le ratio APD/RNB ne constitue pas un facteur significatif permettant de déterminer l'adéquation de l'aide à apporter. La cible de 0,7 % était au départ un instrument de lobbying. Qu'elle ait ou non été efficace, l'utiliser pour en faire une cible fonctionnelle n'a plus aucun sens, si toutefois cela en a jamais eu.
In: Harvard Africa Policy Journal, Issue 1, p. 21-36
World Affairs Online
In: Afrique contemporaine: la revue de l'Afrique et du développement, Issue 3/219, p. 173-201
ISSN: 0002-0478
World Affairs Online