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Questa ricerca parte dall'approccio dialogico alle rappresentazioni sociali proposto da Marková (2003), assumendo che obbedienza e disobbedienza sono entrambe costituite da dimensioni socialmente costruttive e distruttive e che la loro interazione si riflette sugli atteggiamenti verso la democrazia. L'ipotesi principale è quella che obbedienza e disobbedienza non si escludano a vicenda, bensì che un'interazione bilanciata tra atteggiamenti favorevoli verso sia l'obbedienza sia la disobbedienza possa promuovere atteggiamenti prodemocratici a livello individuale e un incremento della democrazia a livello societale, come suggerito anche dalle teorie politologiche di Dahl (1999). La ricerca è stata sviluppata in due studi. Il primo è rappresentato da un'analisi cross-culturale condotta su dati provenienti dal World Values Survey ed è suddiviso in tre sottostudi: il primo indaga il rapporto tra la disobbedienza, le dimensioni distruttiva e costruttiva dell'obbedienza e gli atteggiamenti nei confronti della democrazia; il secondo si centra sulle differenze tra le due dimensioni opposte della disobbedienza (costruttiva e distruttiva), mettendo in evidenza come alcuni aspetti della disobbedienza siano legati ad atteggiamenti prodemocratici; il terzo si occupa, invece, di indagare a livello societale gli effetti della diffusione della disobbedienza costruttiva sul livello di democrazia di una nazione, mettendo in evidenza che, sotto determinate circostanze, la disobbedienza può essere intesa come un fattore protettivo per la democrazia. Il secondo studio si basa su un'inchiesta tramite questionari somministrati ad un campione di studenti universitari delle Università di Bologna ed Helsinki. Questo studio ha avuto la finalità di approfondire, da un punto di vista delle rappresentazioni sociali, come la dinamica tra obbedienza e disobbedienza si intrecci agli atteggiamenti verso la democrazia e verso l'assunzione di responsabilità nei confronti della società. I risultati suggeriscono che obbedienza e disobbedienza siano in rapporto di complementarietà, e non di reciproca esclusione, integrandosi l'una con l'altra in maniera disgiunta (Lefkowitz, 2007): laddove l'obbedienza rappresenta un atteggiamento responsabile nei confronti della società e di tutte le sue parti costitutive, la disobbedienza è uno strumento di controllo e azione politica nei confronti dell'autorità. Inoltre a livello societale i risultati mostrano che laddove le disobbedienza costruttiva si diffonde in una società, successivamente aumenta il suo livello di democrazia o, perlomeno, non diminuisce. Ciò suggerisce che la diffusione di una disobbedienza che coinvolge anche gli aspetti costruttivi dell'obbedienza possa rappresentare un fattore protettivo nei confronti della democraticità delle istituzioni e delle libertà politiche e civili.

AbstractNotwithstanding growing research on how using social media for political campaigning impacts politicians' chances of winning votes, we still have limited knowledge about whether and how the use of social media and online styles of communication affect political success over successive legislatures. We address this deficit by analyzing a panel dataset about the Twitter activity of politicians who have had a parliamentary mandate at least once. We first demonstrate that politicians' interaction with specific online audiences (e.g. in terms of replies and mentions) is still evolving, thus pointing to possible strategic adaptations of politicians' communication as social media are mastered. Then, we show that Twitter‐based activity moderately impacts politicians' political success, both in terms of political ranking and media coverage. This success, however, strongly depends on the style of political communication and on the legislature under scrutiny.

Abstract
Relying on the 2013 and 2016 rounds of individual questionnaires from the Swiss Household Panel (SHP), we use multiple correspondence analysis to map Swiss media consumption practices while making use of the longitudinal character of panel data in an innovative way. Our results show that individual practices can be distinguished along two main dimensions: on the one hand, the reliance on new media, which is explained mainly by the age cohort, and on the other hand, the consumption of news, which is explained mainly by changes in political interest as well as by gender.

The goal of this article was to show how structural equation modelling associated to multilevel regressions represents a powerful tool to examine innovative cross-cultural research questions. The relationship between values and trust in institutions was investigated in four cross-cultural datasets: three were students and teacher samples; the last was a general sample from the 2005 World Values Survey (WVS). The hypothesis of equivalence of the structure of relations between values and trust in institutions (sinusoid curve hypothesis) was tested with a series of multilevel multiple indicators and multiple causes models with random slopes. Structural equivalence was confirmed for student samples, but not for the general sample. The between-country variance of the relationship between values and trust in the general sample was partially explained by country level differences in socio-economic wealth and quality of governance.

"The goal of this article was to show how structural equation modeling associated to multilevel regressions represents a powerful tool to examine innovative cross-cultural research questions. The relationship between values and trust in institutions was investigated in four cross-cultural datasets: three were students and teacher samples; the last was a general sample from the 2005 World Values Survey (WVS). The hypothesis of equivalence of the structure of relations between values and trust in institutions (sinusoid curve hypothesis) was tested with a series of multilevel multiple indicators and multiple causes models with random slopes. Structural equivalence was confirmed for student samples, but not for the general sample. The between-country variance of the relationship between values and trust in the general sample was partially explained by country level differences in socio-economic wealth and quality of governance." (author's abstract)

Social movement theorists have highlighted the importance of accounting for the fluidity of collective identities and the ways in which they change over time. Capitalizing on the availability of social media data and the shift from collective to connective action, new methods can be used to model identity change over a medium-to-long time span. We analyze Facebook data to make the case that a complex and longitudinal approach to the study of collective identity is not only possible but also necessary. Our analyses explore the formation and transformation of identity in the context of a local branch of the Gilets Jaunes (Yellow Vests) movement in France. By employing a mixed-method design that combines automated topic modeling, content analysis, and dictionary-based linguistic inquiry, we show how collective identities are discussed through complex and conflictual processes that form perpetual identity work.

Transition to Adulthood and Collective Experiences Survey (TRACES) is a research program focusing on war and economical victimization in ex-Yugoslavia and their impact on young adult's attitudes and values. The main quantitative survey was launched in 2006; Principal Investigator: Dario Spini; Project Coordinator: Guy Elcheroth. Its design included two partially embedded samples following a random sampling strategy stratified in 80 areas covering the entire ex-Yugoslavian territory. An individual-based questionnaire (Cohort sample, including individuals born between 1968 and 1974; N = 2'254) was coupled with a representative sample of the adult population (Random sample; N = 3'975). This second sample enabled to record, using life calendars, valid data on the experiences communities faced from 1990 to 2006 and during individuals' transition to adulthood (from 15 to 35 years old) across diverse regions of former Yugoslavia. As a result TRACES presents an innovative multilevel survey design enabling the location of respondents' experiences in time and space. This methodological and technical report provides details about survey design and instruments, about the context of the production of data and data quality. The purpose is to offer information as transparent as possible for current and future data users and to share this experience with the broad scientific community.