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There has been a decidedly different social response to the abuse of a child and the abuse of an intimate partner, although both forms of violence occur within the family. This article explains the differential response to these forms of family violence through a historical examination of the movements to combat child abuse and intimate partner violence, including the influence of first- and second-wave feminism. The author applies theories of social control to analyze the development of the social response. She argues that an integration of the social service and criminal justice systems would best serve families who are experiencing violence.

AbstractA greater understanding of women's emotional and behavioural responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) may be aided by an examination of the grief course. Women going through the process of leaving their abusers, like women leaving non‐violent partners, experience grief during and at the termination of their relationship, even if they feel relief at the cessation of violence. Through qualitative interviews with 14 female survivors ofIPV, we critically examine the utility ofKubler‐Ross' grief model to understand how women come to terms with their experiences of violence and the end of their violent relationships. Results suggest thatKubler‐Ross' model helps explain the emotional reactions and decision‐making ofIPVsurvivors in regard to staying, leaving and returning to their partners. While a model developed to explain grief due to death may not entirely explain the reactions ofIPVsurvivors going through the process of leaving abusive partners, and does not account for psychological reactions to trauma, social workers and mental‐health professionals can use this grief model as a framework to better tailor services to survivors ofIPV.

Abstract
The Lethality Assessment Program (LAP) assists police responding to intimate partner violence incidents by connecting victims identified as high risk with advocates while police are at the scene. The Lethality Screen is the risk assessment used with the LAP. This manuscript focuses on evaluating and refining changes to the Lethality Screen that prioritize strangulation as a risk item that automatically places a survivor in the high-danger category. Secondary data from the Oklahoma Lethality Assessment (OK-LA) Study (n=234) were utilized for analysis. Researchers and community partners collaborated to explore various options for revising the Lethality Screen given the goal of the community partner to prioritize strangulation on the risk assessment. The final adaptation of the Lethality Screen was examined for its ability to predict near fatal violence, severe violence, violence and abuse by an intimate partner at 7 months follow-up. The revised Lethality Screen has high sensitivity (84-93%), low specificity (14-16%), and broad ranges of negative predictive value (47-94%) and positive predictive value (12-63%). Revisions to the Lethality Screen are discussed in conjunction with additional adaptations that were made to the LAP, resulting in the LAP 2.0.

AbstractOne-third of women are victimized by intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime; when women are killed, they are often murdered by a previously abusive intimate partner. Risk-informed collaborative interventions, such as domestic violence high risk teams (DVHRTs), use IPV risk assessment to identify and intervene in high-risk IPV cases. This study reports on the development and testing of the Danger Assessment for Law Enforcement (DA-LE), an IPV risk assessment intended for use with DVHRTs. Data were collected through structured telephone interviews from service-seeking survivors of IPV at two time points approximately seven to eight months apart. One sample (n = 570) was used to develop the DA-LE and another (n = 389) was used to test the predictive validity of the instrument using the receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC). The DA-LE predicted near fatal IPV on follow-up with similar or better accuracy than most validated IPV risk assessment instruments (AUC = 0.6864–0.7516). There were no significant differences in predictive validity based on survivor/offender race or ethnicity. The DA-LE has the potential to identify high-risk police-involved IPV cases. Risk-informed collaborative interventions may enhance outcomes for survivors of IPV by holding offenders accountable, increasing help seeking, and reducing future assaults.

Abstract
There is a movement toward permanent housing as an alternative to emergency shelter for survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). Through a case study, this article illuminates the challenges survivors encountered at multiple levels after being offered one of 25 permanent housing choice vouchers (HCVs) as part of the Survivors Achieving Stable Housing project. Obtaining an HCV is a complicated and lengthy process; survivors transitioning from emergency shelter may face time limits on shelter stays while awaiting this permanent housing option. This article identifies challenges, such as difficulties with landlords, moving costs, and a lack of affordable housing, similar to issues reported in previous research. However, specific to IPV survivors, intersecting U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013 (S. 47) policies led to challenges in implementing and interpreting rules and guidance for IPV survivors. Survivor safety from an abusive partner and across other aspects of their lives is of particular concern to survivors as they consider housing options. Given the overlap of homelessness and IPV, social workers in both systems must be knowledgeable about the intersecting issues survivors face as well as the policies affecting them so they can advocate effectively for their clients.

Latinas may be unlikely to report violent crime, particularly when undocumented. This research examines the impact of fear of deportation and trust in the procedural fairness of the justice system on willingness to report violent crime victimization among a sample of Latinas ( N = 1,049) in the United States. Fear of deportation was a significant predictor of Latinas' perceptions of the procedural fairness of the criminal justice system. However, trust in the police is more important than fear of deportation in Latinas' willingness to report violent crime victimization. Social workers can provide rights-based education and encourage relationship building between police and Latino communities.