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"There has been increasing pressure from several parts of civil society for greater transparency around corporate political action. This volume puts forward a new norm of corporate political responsibility (CPR) to go alongside corporate social responsibility, exploring what it means and what will be required to make that norm a reality"--

The twenty-first-century NGO / John Elkington, Seb Beloe -- Who is part of the environmental movement? / Andrew J. Hoffman, Stephanie Bertels -- Civil society and the environment: understanding the dynamics and impacts of the U.S. environmental movement / Robert J. Brulle, J. Craig Jenkins -- Environmental groups: what political science has to offer / Lawrence S. Rothenberg -- An economic perspective on NGO strategies and objectives / John W. Maxwell -- Confrontation vs. cooperation: alternative NGO styles / Thomas P. Lyon -- World Wildlife Fund / Matthew C. Banks -- Environmental Defense Fund / Gwen Ruta -- Greenpeace / Kert Davies -- Rainforest Action Network / Jennifer Krill -- Corporate responses to NGO campaigns / Martin B. Zimmerman -- Cooperation: learning from BP's experience with NGOs / Steven W. Percy -- An NGO research program: a collective action perspective / Erica Johnson, Aseem Prakash -- Good cops, bad cops, and the new environmental governance / Thomas P. Lyon

"Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play an increasingly prominent role in addressing complex environmental issues such as climate change, persistent bio-accumulative pollutants, and the conservation of biodiversity. At the same time, the landscape in which they operate is changing rapidly. Markets, and direct engagement with industry, rather than traditional government regulation, are often the tools of choice for NGOs seeking to change corporate behavior today. Yet these new strategies are poorly understood'by business, academics, and NGOs themselves. How will NGOs choose which battles to fight, differentiate themselves from one another in order to attract membership and funding, and decide when to form alliances and when to work separately?

This is the first book to provide a hard-headed economic view of the voluntary approaches to environmental issues, especially toxic chemicals, waste disposal and global warming, that have become prominent in recent years. Corporate environmental initiatives are seen as a tool for influencing the behaviour of environmental activists, legislators, and regulators, though they may have ancillary benefits such as attracting 'green' consumers or reducing costs. Equally, government voluntary programs are seen as a way to achieve modest environmental results when political resistance to mandatory policies is high. Rigorous analysis is illustrated with numerous case studies drawn from the US, Europe, and Japan, while technical details are relegated to appendices, and each chapter highlights implications for corporate strategy and public policy. Although rooted in economic theory, this book will appeal to business strategists and policy practitioners, as well as scholars and researchers