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The article discusses the features of the reproduction of the population in the Arctic region in the post-Soviet period and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective analysis of the population dynamics is carried out and the factors of the population change in the post-Soviet period are identified. There is noted a significant impact of the economic development and social well-being level of the territory on the change in demographic indicators that determine the positive vector and scales of both natural and, in some years, mechanical population growth. The factors affecting the spread of COVID-19 in the Arctic subject of the Russian Federation — Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and the level of mortality and morbidity from coronavirus, their impact on the population reproduction over two years of the pandemic has been identified, based on the characteristics of the socio-economic and demographic development, the geographical location of the region and its municipalities. The role of the coronavirus pandemic as the main source of excess mortality in 2020-2021, and the dependence of the morbidity and mortality of the population on the age structure, the characteristics of the spread of coronavirus infection, the impact of the population level and geographic location are examined. There are identified intra-regional differences and local areas having their own specifics, both in socio-economic and demographic terms, and features of the pandemic spread. The hypothesis about the role of older ages of 60+ as the main risk group in determining the rate of spread and the number of deaths due to the coronavirus has been empirically confirmed. Analysis of the statistical data on the dynamics of morbidity and mortality in the period under review made it possible to identify the cyclicity of the waves of the first and second indicators in time from the lowest level to the peak, the duration of which was eight months.

AbstractThis paper deals with the importance of reindeer husbandry for the livelihood of indigenous peoples of the Russian Arctic and its economic, social and ethnic role. The aim of the study is to analyse the state of reindeer herding, identify priority problems that hinder its development and justify a system of measures to help overcome them. A retrospective analysis of the state of reindeer herding has been carried out (1991–2019). The reasons influencing the dynamics of growth of public and private livestock during the post‐Soviet period were identified. The priority issues to be resolved for the further development of reindeer herding have been addressed: enabling entrepreneurs to develop; the use of special measures aimed at a gradual reduction of the number of livestock; the prevention of conflicts between companies in the extractive industry and indigenous ethnic groups.

This article examines a pressing issue of assessing the investment attractiveness of renewable resources in underdeveloped Northern and Arctic territories that have a huge untapped natural resource potential. The subject of the study is the economic interactions that occur during the development of natural resource potential. The goal of this study is to develop the methodological toolkit for assessing the investment attractiveness for businesses and government authorities at various levels. At the pre-investment stage of development projects, we identified typical landscapes for zoning of the territory and assessed them for each type of renewable natural resources. Based on an analysis of existing approaches to natural resource zoning, the authors propose to identify three types of landscapes, including those that are attractive in terms of investment, those that are attractive in terms of investment with certain limitations, and those that are unattractive for investment. The study has confirmed the hypothesis that the selection of the most valuable natural resources expands the opportunities for their economic use. The investment attractiveness is determined by favorable geographical location, development of regional infrastructure, natural potential viewed as a priority object. The authors have provided the rationale for the need to valuate the natural resource potential of landscape areas within the boundaries of an assessed territory for the purposes of their ranking based on establishing the investment attractiveness. The limitations may be imposed by the low level of infrastructure development prerequisites, insufficient sustainability of landscapes to anthropogenic influences, export of raw materials for processing outside the territory, etc. The authors have substantiated the list of conditions that require the introduction of correction coefficients to the value indicators of natural resource potential in landscape areas. The main findings of the study are presented in the form of landscape zoning of the territory and methodological toolkit for assessing the investment attractiveness tested in Berezovsky Municipal District of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug—Yugra.