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BackgroundAmerican adults overwhelmingly agree that the Holocaust should be taught in schools, yet few studies investigate the potential benefits of Holocaust education.ObjectivesWe evaluate the impact of a Holocaust education conference on knowledge of the Holocaust and several civic outcomes, including "upstander" efficacy (willingness to intervene on behalf of others), likelihood of exercising civil disobedience, empathy for the suffering of others, and tolerance of others with different values and lifestyles.Research DesignWe recruit two cohorts of students from three local high schools and randomize access to the Arkansas Holocaust Education Conference, where students have the chance to hear from a Holocaust survivor and to participate in breakout sessions led by Holocaust experts.ResultsWe find evidence that the conference increased participants' upstander efficacy, but fail to reject the null hypothesis that the conference would increase participants' knowledge or other civic attitudes.