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Intro -- Abstract -- Keywords -- Introduction -- I Baselines under the International Law of the Sea (Sofia Report, 2012) -- A Report -- I Introduction -- II The Normal Baseline: Origin, Significance, and Interests -- A Origin -- B Significance -- C Interests -- III The Normal Baseline: Existing Law -- A Interpreting Article 5 -- 1 General Rule -- 2 Supplementary Means -- B International Judicial Decisions -- C The Normal Baseline in Municipal Law -- 1 National Legislation -- 2 National Judicial Decisions -- D Expert Views on the Normal Baseline -- E Reefs and Low-Tide Elevations -- F General Conclusion -- IV The Existing Law Applied in a Changing World -- A Territorial Gain: Harbour Works, Coastal Protection, Land Reclamation -- 1 Harbour Works -- 2 Coast Protective Works: Artificial Conservation of the Baseline -- 3 Land Reclamation: Artificial Extension of the Baseline -- B Sea Level Rise and Coastal Erosion -- V Conclusions -- VI Annex: Actual Low-Water Line vs. Charted Low-Water Line -- B Resolution No. 1/2012: Baselines under the International Law ofthe Sea -- II Baselines under the International Law of the Sea (Sydney Report,2018) -- A Report -- I Background -- II Straight Baselines -- A Relevant Historical Background to Article 7, LOSC -- B LOSC Text -- C Analysis of Article 7, LOSC -- 1 Text -- 2 State Practice -- 3 Case Law -- 4 Commentary by Publicists -- III Straight Baselines and Bays -- A Relevant Historical Background -- B Article 10: LOSC Text -- C Analysis of Article 10 -- 1 Text -- 3 Case Law -- 4 Commentary by Publicists -- IV Straight Baselines and Low-Tide Elevations -- A Relevant Historical Background -- B Article 13: LOSC Text -- C Analysis of Article 13 -- 1 Text -- 2 State Practice -- 3 Case Law -- 4 Commentary by Publicists -- V Combination of Methods in Drawing Baselines -- A Relevant Historical Background.