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Korean migrations to and within China -- Ethnicity or nationality? : Korean identities in China -- South Korean and Korean Chinese business relations in China -- Korean business, intra-ethnic conflict, and adaptive strategies -- Relations between Korean Chinese and South Koreans in the service sector -- Community networks and activities

Studies have highlighted the influence of social media comments on users' perceptual consequences, but whether this holds true in the body image context is still largely unknown. This experimental study investigated the effects of social media comments on ideal body perception and how it influences one's own body satisfaction. Results showed that comments guided the viewers' perceptions of what is considered as "ideal" body. Viewers of favorable comments to body posting reported greater idealization of the body imagery (i.e. ideal-enhancing effects), whereas viewers of unfavorable comments showed a lower level of idealization (i.e. ideal-derogating effects). Also, the indirect effects of comments on body satisfaction via idealization were moderated by individual self-discrepancy between personal ideal and own body. This study sheds light on potentially inspiring or protective role of comments against perfect-looking bodies on social media while calling attention to the need for reconsidering the media effects theory for body image.

ObjectiveLacking access to formal institutions, the poor in developing countries often use informal savings groups to financially prepare for unexpected events. They often base these groups on social ties to reduce risks, which occur when group members do not make payments. This study examines whether Kenya's urban poor rely on social ties, such as co‐ethnicity and co‐residency, when forming informal savings groups.MethodsThis study uses list experiments on a sample of informal settlement residents in and around Nairobi.ResultsApproximately 28.7 percent and 17.5 percent of respondents would consider someone outside their ethnic group or informal settlement as a member of an informal savings group, respectively. Most respondents were reluctant to accept members without social ties, with greater reluctance against those outside the settlement.ConclusionsKenya's urban poor rely primarily on co‐residents for financial security, which elevates risk as they experience shocks simultaneously and cannot help one another.

ObjectiveKenya's 1985 education reform implemented curriculum changes to prepare children for the job market and changed the instructional language from English to local ethnic languages during the first three years of primary education. This article examines the reform's impact on (i) level of education completed, (ii) income level, and (iii) preference for national versus ethnic interests.MethodsUsing survey data collected from randomly selected Kenyan citizens in Nairobi, this article uses a regression discontinuity (RD) design comparing the first cohort exposed to the reform to those who were not.ResultsThe education and income levels of those beginning their education under the reform were higher. The reform did not influence preference for national or ethnic interests.ConclusionsThe reform partially increased children's job market preparation but was unsuccessful in addressing unemployment. Teaching children in local languages exhibited no negative effects on ethnic as opposed to national interests.