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AbstractThe concept of the common good represents those resources that are good for an entire group as a whole, or what preserves what the people or inhabitants of the national community have in common. The "good" are those things that benefit the community as a whole; lead to the protection, sustainment, and improvement of the community. Theorists agree that it is the ultimate end of government; the good of all its citizens and void of special interests. Theories of the common good are discussed in this paper with implications regarding the shortcomings of democratic political institutions and structures. The theoretical framework provided by the political thought of W. E. B. Du Bois and Friedrich Nietzsche are used to critically examine the idea of the common good in contemporary democratic societies. Du Bois sought an objective truth that could dispel once and for all the irrational prejudices and ignorances that stood in the way of a just social order for African Americans. Nietzsche's political theory was primarily concerned with disdain for democracy and the need for Aristocratic forms and social ordering. He was skeptical that with the demise of religion, it would be possible to achieve an effective normative consensus in society at large which is needed to legitimize government authority. Both theorists agree that the exceptional and great individuals are few in society and should govern in favor of the masses. Based on their example, this paper argues that both authors are suggesting an Epistocratic form of government where those with political knowledge are privileged.

This book investigates the role, duties, and obligations of leaders and citizens through examining post-Civil Rights Black leaders and the patterns of behavior within the African American community. The major themes of this book include the significance of service, sacrifice, and commitment to the common good as the core characteristics of effective leadership and models of citizenship.

AbstractAn extended logistic system is a well‐defined configuration of equipment, modules, inventories, and repair and replacement facilities modeling a complex, repairable system with on‐going repair. The design of such systems has been based largely on the static tools of inventory theory and reliability theory, i.e., on steady‐state distributions and on associated means and variances. Such static tools suppress the scale of real lime and ignore system persistence time in up‐states and persistence time in down‐states.A reasonably simple dynamic methodology is presented, focusing on system failure time as a more meaningful objective function for system‐design tradeoff studies. In the presence of good reliability, it is shown that different candidates for system failure time effectively merge to yield an unambiguous, single system failure time. Examples illustrating the importance of dynamic information for system design are given.

The Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry first began data collection on 1 September 1999 and full nationwide implementation commenced in January 2003. The purpose of the Registry is to improve the quality of care for individuals receiving joint replacement surgery. The Registry enables surgeons, academic institutions, governments and industry to request specific data that are not available in published annual reports. There is an established system for identifying prostheses with a higher than anticipated rate of revision (HTARR) which was introduced in 2004. The higher rate of revision for the ASR Hip Resurfacing System was first identified by this process in 2007. There has been a reduction in revision hip and knee replacement over the years that the Registry has been in operation, and the addition of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) and data linkage will enable more extensive analysis of joint replacement surgery in the future. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4 DOI:10.1302/2058-5241.4.180071