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Kasunod ng nasaksihang pagkalat ng sari-saring aktibidad-pantulong ng mga banyaga, pagkabigo ng lokal na administrasyon sa inaasahang mabilis na pagdating ng taga-sagip mula sa gobyernong pambansa, at batay din sa rebyu ng tala ng panahon sa Leyte at mga kaugnay na batas at patakaran, ipinapakita nitong saliksik na kailangan pang pabilisin ang koordinasyon ng burokrasyang nasyonal at mga pamahalaang lokal para sa pagtugon sa mga hindi inasahang pagtindi ng kalamidad. Inilalarawan din ng karanasan ng Tacloban na mahalaga ang pagkalap antemano ng impormasyong siyentipiko at magkaroon ng iba't ibang mekanismo para tumawag ng tulong, bilang paghanda sa paglala ng bagyo. Nagiging input din ang mga ito sa pagdisenyo at pagpili ng ligtas na tatayuan ng mga proyektong pambangon.Mga susing salita: paghanda sa sakuna, koordinasyon, Tacloban, mga institusyonPursuant to the witnessed proliferation of various aid activities by foreigners, the frustration of the local administration at the expected swift arrival of rescuers from national government, and based on a review of Leyte's weather history as well as related laws and policies, this research shows that there is a need to quicken coordination between the national bureaucracy and local governments in order to respond to unexpected intensification of calamity. Tacloban's experience also illustrates that it is important to collect scientific information beforehand, and to possess different mechanisms for calling in aid, as a means to prepare for the worsening of storms. These also serve as inputs to the design and selection of safe sites for recovery projects.Keywords: disaster preparedness, coordination, Tacloban, institutions

Parehong luklukan ng punong-lungsod ng mga umuunlad na bansa ang mga metropolis ng Nairobi at Maynila, at parehong humaharap sa mga suliranin ng urbanisasyon, malubhang kahirapan, at nasisirang kapaligiran. Ngunit dahil sa magkaibang heograpiya, kasaysayan, at patakaran ng pamahalaan, mayroon silang mga kakaibang katangian ng pag-unlad at paglapit sa urbanisasyon. Layuning ng papel na ito ang paglarawan at paghambing sa mga kabiserang ito at bigyang diin ang kontekstong pangkaunlaran, kahirapan sa lipunan, at uri na pamamahala sa kalikasan sa Metro Nairobi at Metro Manila, mula sa nasaksihan ng manunulat doon. Mga susing salita: Metropolitanisasyon, Nairobi, Manila, Kapaligiran, Gamit-Lupa, Kahirapan As the seats of the national capitals of countries in the developing world, Nairobi and Manila both face the challenges of urbanization, dire poverty, and environmental degradation. However, because of differences in geography, history, and frameworks of government policy, they each display distinct growth characteristics and approaches to urbanization. It is the goal of this paper to make a description and cross-country comparison--seldom done betwefen an African and a Southeast Asian City, with particular emphasis on the developmental context, societal impoverishment, and type of environmental governance in Metro Nairobi and Metro Manila, based on eye-witness experiences and an analysis of the author when he traveled to both of the metropolitan areas that have since expanded out of the original capital cities. Keywords: Metropolitanization, Nairobi, Manila, Environment, Land Use, Poverty Profile

AbstractMetropolitan Manila, a major Southeast‐Asian conurbation, has become increasingly unsightly due to the poorly‐regulated proliferation of billboards and other forms of outdoor advertising that threaten to distract, if not overwhelm, motorists, commuters and pedestrians. Field research however, reveals land use patterns in the seemingly wanton sprawl, as well as little‐known stakeholders whose network drives the advertising industry. With the current lack of coordination between government agencies, the situation threatens to deteriorate, unless insights from political geography and urban planning can be used by policymakers to craft rules based on a holistic understanding of the key physical, economic and sociopolitical forces described in this study.RésuméLa métropole de Manille, conurbation de premier plan du sud‐est asiatique, s'enlaidit sans cesse par la prolifération quasiment non réglementée de panneaux d'affichage ou autres formes de publicité extérieure qui menacent de distraire, voire de submerger, automobilistes, voyageurs pendulaires et piétons. Les études sur le terrain mettent pourtant en évidence des schémas d'occupation des sols dans une expansion d'apparence irresponsable, ainsi que des acteurs peu connus dont le réseau dynamise le secteur publicitaire. Étant donnée l'absence actuelle de coordination entre organes gouvernementaux, la situation risque de s'aggraver, sauf si les décideurs politiques peuvent bénéficier de l'éclairage de la géographie politique et de l'urbanisme pour concevoir des règles fondées sur une compréhension holistique des principales forces physiques, économiques et sociopolitiques qui s'exercent et que décrit cette étude.

Following trade agreements between ASEAN states, the expansion of cross-border roads and bridges between Laos and Thailand has linked local communities and distant markets in increasingly diverse ways. Although the planned impacts of such integration are expected to be beneficial, effects on the ground vary, as witnessed at a sleepy outpost in Xayabury and a more vibrant crossing in Savannakhet. This paper discusses first the physical setting of such border facilities, and then explores their actual local effects on traders' activities, highlighting changes in gender roles and perceptions of entrepreneurial competition participated in by women in the two research sites.