The contribution analyses the different gender perspectives which occur across the global supply chain. It will explain the relationship of gender equality and its implications observing the different stages of the production cycle in global supply chains. Certain conditions and the employment of women in low-wage production at the lower tier of supply chains make them more vulnerable for different human rights violations, such as gender-based and sexual violence and harassment, discriminations based on sex, exploitation, unequal pay for work of equal value, among others. It will be examined how these are addressed with soft and hard law approaches on the international, European and national level, concluding with the benefits and pitfalls of national legally binding global supply chain acts.
Die Europäische Union hat die Anzahl ihrer Mitglieder seit Gründung vervielfacht, denn auch wenn sie sich zahlreichen Herausforderungen gegenübersieht, so bietet ein Beitritt offensichtlich weiterhin große Anreize. Hier sind zum Beispiel die Teilnahme am Binnenmarkt, die regionalen Förderungen sowie die Arbeitnehmerfreizügigkeit, aber auch die gemeinsame solidarische Bewältigung von Krisen sowie der wieder stärker in den Vordergrund tretende Sicherheitsgedanke zu nennen. Allerdings ist ein Beitrittsantrag erst der erste Schritt auf einem langen Weg zu einer Mitgliedschaft. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit dem aktuellen Rechtsrahmen eines Beitritts sowie der neuen Methodologie, den Beitritten der letzten 25 Jahre und stellt die Entwicklung der Verhandlungen mit den Beitrittskandidaten (bzw. potentiellen Beitrittskandidaten im Fall des Westlichen Balkans) dar.
Male-dominated law and legal knowledge essentially characterized the whole of pre-modern history in that the patriarchy represented the axis of social relations in both the private and public spheres. Indeed, modern and even contemporary law still have embedded elements of patriarchal heritage, even in the secular modern legal systems of Western developed countries, either within the content of legislation or in terms of its implementation and interpretation. This is true to a greater or lesser extent across legal systems, although the secular modern legal systems of the Western developed countries have made great advances in terms of gender equality. The traditional understanding of law has always been self-evidently dominated by men, but modern law and its understanding have also been more or less "malestreamed." Therefore, it has become necessary to overcome the given "maskulinity" of legal thought. In contemporary legal and political orders, gender mainstreaming of law has been of the utmost importance for overcoming deeply and persistently embedded power relations and gender-based, unequal social relations. At the same time and equally importantly, the gender mainstreaming of legal education – to which this book aims to contribute – can help to gradually eliminate this male dominance and accompanying power relations from legal education and higher education as a whole. This open access textbook provides an overview of gender issues in all areas of law, including sociological, historical and methodological issues. Written for students and teachers around the globe, it is intended to provide both a general overview and in-depth knowledge in the individual areas of law. Relevant court decisions and case studies are supplied throughout the book.
Das Saarland bildet mit seinen Nachbarn Lothringen und Luxemburg eine lebendige, europäische Wirtschaftsregion. Die Großregion SaarLorLux zeichnet sich dabei durch die Besonderheit aus, dass nicht nur zwei, sondern gleich drei Mitgliedstaaten aufeinandertreffen. Diese Region ist ein Paradebeispiel für eine gelebte Europäische Union. Tagtäglich strömen Tausende von Grenzgängern von einem Mitgliedstaat in dem sie leben, in einen anderen, in dem sie arbeiten. Der Vertrag über die Europäische Union und der Vertrag über die Arbeitsweise der Europäischen Union fördern diesen grenzüberschreitenden Verkehr und verbieten den Mitgliedstaaten Staatsbürger anderer Mitgliedstaaten aufgrund ihrer Nationalität zu diskriminieren. Gerade im Zusammenhang mit den nationalen Sozialsystemen, führt dies zu einer Vielzahl komplexer rechtlicher Fragestellungen, weshalb der Europäische Gerichtshof regelmäßig mit konkreten Sachverhalten befasst wird. Die Inanspruchnahme von grenzüberschreitenden Gesundheitsdienstleistungen befindet sich im Spannungsfeld von europäischen und nationalen Regelungen. Insbesondere die Diversität der nationalen Krankenversicherungssysteme erschwert einen europäischen Gesundheitsmarkt, der sich allein an den Bedürfnissen der Patienten orientiert. Als Ergebnis kann festgehalten werden, dass die europarechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für die Inanspruchnahme von grenzüberschreitenden Gesundheitsleistungen sowohl in der Gesetzgebung als auch in der Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs ausreichend und umfassend gegeben sind. Etwaige Probleme finden sich ausschließlich bei speziellen Einzelfragen, insbesondere bei der Abrechnung und der Genehmigung im Detail und nicht mehr im Grundsatz. Auch die untersuchten nationalen Regelungen, welche für die Großregion relevant werden könnten, berücksichtigen die grenzüberschreitenden Konstellationen. Hier besteht auf Seiten der deutschen Vorschriften kein Handlungsbedarf zu Nachbesserungen, wobei aber eine Anpassung an die Neuregelungen durch die Patientenrichtlinie ...
Introduction by Mareike Fröhlich, Thomas Giegerich and Dragica Vujadinovic -- Part I Gender in a General Context: Gender Issues in Comparative Legal History by Una Divac, Maurilio Felici, Pietro Lo Iacono, Nina Kršljanin and Vojislav Stanimirović -- Feminist Political and Legal Theories by Antonio Álvarez del Cuvillo, Fabio Macioce and Sofia Strid -- Gender and Structural Inequalities from a Socio-legal Perspective by Eva Bermúdez Figueroa, Valerija Dabetić , Raquel Pastor Yuste and Zara Saeidzadeh -- Feminist Judgments by Marco Evola, Ivana Krstic and Fuensanta Rabadán Sánchez-Lafuente -- Gender Research and Feminist Methodologies by Zara Saeidzadeh -- Part II Gender in a Public Context: Human Rights Law through the Lens of the Gender Perspective by Marco Evola, Julia Jungfleisch and Tanasije Marinkovic -- The Evolving Recognition of Gender in International and European Law by Rigmor Argren, Marco Evola, Thomas Giegerich and Ivana Krstic -- Gender Equality Aspects on Public Law by Marko Davinic, Eleonor Kristoffersson and Tanasije Marinkovic -- Gender Perspective of Social Security Law by MªAngustias Benito and Carmen Jover Ramírez -- Gender Equitable Taxation by Marco Cedro, Eleonor Kristoffersson, Teresa Ponton Aricha and Lidija Živković -- Public Policies on Gender Equality by Vanesa Hervías Parejo and Branko Radulović -- Gender Competent Criminal Law by María Acale Sánchez, Ivana Marković and Susanne Strand -- Gender Perspective of Victimization, Crime and Penal Policy by Beatriz Cruz, Natalija Lukić and Susanne Strand -- Part III Gender in a Private Context: Gender Equality in the Different Fields of Private Law by Amalia Blandino, Letizia Coppo, Gabriele Carapezza Figlia, Snežana Dabic and Katarina Dolovic -- Gender Competent Family Law by Ivana Barac, Amalia Blandino, Letizia Coppo, Giampaolo Frezza, Uros Novakovic, Fuensanta Rabadán and Zara Saeidzadeh -- Labour Law and Gender by Thais Guerrero Padrón, Ljubinka Kovačević and Mª Isabel Ribes Moreno -- Integrating Gender Equality in Economics and Management by Lydia Bares Lopez, Francesca Costanza, Manuela Ortega Gil and Sofia Strid -- Gender, Business and the Law by Mareike Fröhlich, Tatjana Jevremović Petrović and Jelena Lepetić.
This open access book presents innovative strategies to address cross-cutting topics and foster transversal competences. The modernization of European legal education presents a compelling challenge that calls for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration among academic disciplines and innovative teaching methods. The volume introduces venues towards education innovation and engages with complex and emerging topics such as datafication, climate change, gender, and the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The insights presented not only emphasize the importance of preserving traditional approaches to legal disciplines and passing them on to future generations, but also underscore the need to critically reassess and revolutionize existing structures. As our societies become more diverse and our understanding of legitimacy, justice, and values undergoes transformations, it is imperative to reconsider the role of traditional values while exploring promising alternative approaches.
This open access book presents innovative strategies to address cross-cutting topics and foster transversal competences. The modernization of European legal education presents a compelling challenge that calls for enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration among academic disciplines and innovative teaching methods. The volume introduces venues towards education innovation and engages with complex and emerging topics such as datafication, climate change, gender, and the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. The insights presented not only emphasize the importance of preserving traditional approaches to legal disciplines and passing them on to future generations, but also underscore the need to critically reassess and revolutionize existing structures. As our societies become more diverse and our understanding of legitimacy, justice, and values undergoes transformations, it is imperative to reconsider the role of traditional values while exploring promising alternative approaches.
Introduction by Mareike Fröhlich, Thomas Giegerich and Dragica Vujadinovic -- Part I Gender in a General Context: Gender Issues in Comparative Legal History by Una Divac, Maurilio Felici, Pietro Lo Iacono, Nina Kršljanin and Vojislav Stanimirović -- Feminist Political and Legal Theories by Antonio Álvarez del Cuvillo, Fabio Macioce and Sofia Strid -- Gender and Structural Inequalities from a Socio-legal Perspective by Eva Bermúdez Figueroa, Valerija Dabetić , Raquel Pastor Yuste and Zara Saeidzadeh -- Feminist Judgments by Marco Evola, Ivana Krstic and Fuensanta Rabadán Sánchez-Lafuente -- Gender Research and Feminist Methodologies by Zara Saeidzadeh -- Part II Gender in a Public Context: Human Rights Law through the Lens of the Gender Perspective by Marco Evola, Julia Jungfleisch and Tanasije Marinkovic -- The Evolving Recognition of Gender in International and European Law by Rigmor Argren, Marco Evola, Thomas Giegerich and Ivana Krstic -- Gender Equality Aspects on Public Law by Marko Davinic, Eleonor Kristoffersson and Tanasije Marinkovic -- Gender Perspective of Social Security Law by MªAngustias Benito and Carmen Jover Ramírez -- Gender Equitable Taxation by Marco Cedro, Eleonor Kristoffersson, Teresa Ponton Aricha and Lidija Živković -- Public Policies on Gender Equality by Vanesa Hervías Parejo and Branko Radulović -- Gender Competent Criminal Law by María Acale Sánchez, Ivana Marković and Susanne Strand -- Gender Perspective of Victimization, Crime and Penal Policy by Beatriz Cruz, Natalija Lukić and Susanne Strand -- Part III Gender in a Private Context: Gender Equality in the Different Fields of Private Law by Amalia Blandino, Letizia Coppo, Gabriele Carapezza Figlia, Snežana Dabic and Katarina Dolovic -- Gender Competent Family Law by Ivana Barac, Amalia Blandino, Letizia Coppo, Giampaolo Frezza, Uros Novakovic, Fuensanta Rabadán and Zara Saeidzadeh -- Labour Law and Gender by Thais Guerrero Padrón, Ljubinka Kovačević and Mª Isabel Ribes Moreno -- Integrating Gender Equality in Economics and Management by Lydia Bares Lopez, Francesca Costanza, Manuela Ortega Gil and Sofia Strid -- Gender, Business and the Law by Mareike Fröhlich, Tatjana Jevremović Petrović and Jelena Lepetić.
