Transportation & Technology in Iran, 1800-1940: : Chapar, Carts, Carriages, Automobiles, Bicycles, Motor Cycles, Lodgings, Sewing Machines, Typewriters & Pianos
Intro -- Introduction -- Traditional Modes of Transportation -- THE CHAPAR-KHANEH SYSTEM -- The Kajaveh and Takht-e Ravan -- The Use of Carts -- Modern Modes of Transportation wheeled vehicles -- Carriages -- AUTOMOBILES -- Obstacles to the Use of Cars -- Import Arrangements -- Traffic Rules and Administrative Regulations -- PERSIA -- AUTOMOTIVE PARTS, ACCESSORIES, AND SERVICE EQUIPMENT -- Bicycles -- Motorcycles -- Modern Ways of Lodging Travelers -- Hotels in Iran, 1870-1940 -- Tools of Change -- the Sewing Machine and the Typewriter Conquer Iran -- The Sewing Machine -- Typewriters -- A Short History of the Piano in Iran -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- index -- Fig. 1: Kurdish postillion -- Fig. 2: Belit (ticket) for the hire of a gari (lorry). -- Fig. 3: Chaparing -- Fig. 4: An official travel permit or tazkereh. -- Fig. 5: Chaparchi -- Fig. 6: Chapar-khaneh at Tisi-Hutch (exterior). -- Fig. 7: Chapar-khaneh at Haouz-e Sultan. -- Fig. 8: Chapar-khaneh at Kuhrud. -- Fig. 9: Chapar-khaneh at Tisi-Hutch (interior). -- Fig. 10: Chapar-khaneh at Kushku Baira. -- Fig. 11: 'Limited mail express' -- Fig. 12: Mail stage -- Fig. 13: Opposite and above: Post driver and carrying the mail in Khorasan. -- Fig. 14: Relais on the road to Qazvin. -- Fig. 15: Above and opposite: Travel permits or tazkerehs. -- Fig. 16: Chapar-khaneh at Robat Karim. -- Fig. 17: Persian post-carriage -- Fig. 18: Chapar-khaneh at Kudum. -- Fig. 19: Postwagon in a bad position. -- Fig. 20: Unidentified chapar-khaneh (Qom area). -- Fig. 21: Kajaveh -- Fig. 22: Takht-e ravan, a Persian ink-sketch. -- Fig. 23: Takht-e ravan -- Fig. 24: A two-wheeled cart, arabeh -- Fig. 25: A two-wheeled cart, arabeh -- Fig. 26: Repairing a wagon wheel. -- Fig. 27: A four-wheeled horse-drawn Russian vehicle, tarantas. -- Fig. 28: Horse-drawn street car.