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Supply chains involve several stakeholders, with different environmental, social, economic, and ethical attributes, and are exposed to various risks along all stages. One of these risks relates to conditions or events related to sustainability that have the potential to generate harmful reactions from stakeholders in the supply chain. Those risks can materialize through stakeholders' responses, when they hold companies responsible for unfavorable conditions in the supply chain, leading to reputational damage. Understanding the supply chain's sustainability risk factors can help companies improve supply chain resilience. This article aims to empirically identify the most influential risk factors in the Brazilian cosmetics supply chain and, additionally, analyze the interrelationships between these risks. The methodology combines interpretative structural modeling (ISM) and matrix cross-impact multiplication (MICMAC) analysis, and is grounded in the opinions of cosmetics industry experts. Firstly, the critical causes and consequences are identified, called factors. Secondly, the ISM model is built, representing the interrelationships between factors and their hierarchy. Thirdly, the MICMAC analysis is performed, unfolding the strength of the relationship among the influencing factors. Fourthly, measures are designed to act on and mitigate the factors identified in the previous steps. The results show that the Brazilian cosmetic companies analyzed do not take advantage of the opportunity to take leadership in cost reduction, differentiation, and engagement with their partners. "Financial risks" were identified as the most influential among the set of risks, while "Technology and innovation" and "Legislation and responsibility" were identified as root risk factors. This research identified measures that could be implemented to act on and mitigate the root risk factors, thus contributing to the research relating to sustainability risks in supply chains.

<p>El presente artículo contiene los resultados de la investigación realizada sobre los efectos de la electividad en el curso del área de matemáticas, sobre la calidad del aprendizaje en entornos virtuales, con estudiantes de pregrado de la Facultad de Estudios en Ambientes Virtuales de la Universidad EAN. En el estudio se comparó la calidad del aprendizaje en dos grupos expuestos a situaciones experimentales diferentes: en el primero bajo un modelo de electividad (grupo experimental) y en el segundo siguiendo un modelo de rigidez (grupo control). La electividad se abordó con la posibilidad de selección de temas a desarrollar por los estudiantes y los diferentes formatos de presentación de productos para lograr las competencias propuestas. Los resultados indican que el desempeño promedio de los estudiantes, su percepción frente a la metodología planteada y al comportamiento del tutor no son significativamente diferentes. Sin embargo se percibe una diferencia la cual sugiere que la electividad puede incidir en una mayor probabilidad de obtener un rendimiento sobresaliente.</p>

The strengths and weaknesses in technological management for programs in virtual and remote modalities are examined, because the digital skills have become a necessary skill for education in the 21st century. Methodologically, a mixed research and a literature review
are carried out to establish a conceptual reference on digital skills. An instrument was identified for its validation, which was applied to students from two universities. The results allowed establishing a conceptual reference located in six dimensions and evidencing the resulting categories and their incidence with the teaching and learning process.

Bianca de Almeida-Pititto,1 Monike Lourenço Dias,2 Ana Carolina Franco de Moraes,3 Sandra RG Ferreira,3 Denise Reis Franco,4 Freddy Goldberg Eliaschewitz4,5 1Department of Preventive Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Department of Endocrinology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; 3Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 4CPClin Clinical Research Center, 5Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most important epidemic diseases in the world this century, and accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes globally. Brazil is one of the most important examples of the alarming picture of T2DM in emergent societies, being the country with the fourth largest number of people with diabetes. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on diabetes in Brazil, specifically looking at the epidemiology and management of T2DM. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and LILACS to identify articles containing information on diabetes in Brazil. Official documents from the Brazilian government, World Health Organization, and International Diabetes Federation were also reviewed. Keywords: type 2 diabetes, Brazil, epidemiology, management

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most important epidemic diseases in the world this century, and accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes globally. Brazil is one of the most important examples of the alarming picture of T2DM in emergent societies, being the country with the fourth largest number of people with diabetes. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on diabetes in Brazil, specifically looking at the epidemiology and management of T2DM. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and LILACS to identify articles containing information on diabetes in Brazil. Official documents from the Brazilian government, World Health Organization, and International Diabetes Federation were also reviewed.