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This timely book offers a critical account of key governance challenges of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Illustrating China's efforts to expand its idea of a sustainable eco-civilization, thereby 'greening' the BRI, it explores the disputes that have emerged from this process and subsequent complications resulting from geopolitical competition.

Timeliness: using the past to change the present -- Embracing shi: the timely configuration of power as skilful means -- Imperial stratagems - the polycentric mediation of power -- The use and abuse of nationalism: empowering the republic? -- People's party, people's army: the dialectics of revolution -- From comprehensive national power to competitive regionalism -- Unicorns and dragons: the search for Chinese strategic culture -- Conclusion: dance of the giants: avoiding conflict in the 21st century -- Appendix: five philosophies

1 Introduction: China's "Peaceful Rise to Harmonious World" Outlook 1. - 2 "Harmony" and Humane Governance in Classical Chinese Thought 11. - 3 Empire and Frontiers: The Limits of Harmony 37. - 4 How Peaceful is China's Rise? 67. - 5 Confucian Geopolitics and Global Governance 93. - 6 Transforming World Disorder: Scenarios for the Future 123. - 7 Conclusion: Towards a Balanced China 137. - Appendix 1: Chronology of Harmonious Discourse 141. - Appendix 2: Glossary of Chinese Terms 143. - Appendix 3: Summary of Hu Jintao's UN Speeches, 2005 and 2009 145

"The D-8 (Developing Eight) organisation was officially formed in 1997 and has Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan and Turkey as full members. The D-8 economies encompass nearly 62% of the Muslim population or about 1.17 billion people globally. The economic, cultural, social, political and geographical diversity that exists amongst the D-8 member countries differs radically from other Muslim or regional blocks. Furthermore, D-8 member countries are developing economies that do not solely rely on oil, ancient civilizations, or roles as historical powerhouses, but their populations aspire to be better educated, scientifically more advanced, have higher incomes and improved human rights. It is imperative to study the implications of these developments for cultural identity and life quality. This book studies the contemporary socio-economic developments and challenges faced by D-8 countries. It explores questions on the socio-economic and political formation, sustainability, economic participation, and the vitality of the D-8 member countries. It deepens our understanding of recent global economic systems and governance, and suggests areas for future research and publications"--