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"With an audience of students, policymakers, and planning practitioners in mind, this book challenges and reconstructs three traditional premises of urban planning and policymaking - the ideas of creating diversity, fostering opportunity, and growing places - in light of on-going transformation in the structure of households, government, and the economy. This thought-provoking book advocates updating policies to reflect the transformation of our population, economy, and location preferences so that our best plans for sustainability are no longer misaligned with the toolkit available for implementation"--

"As global warming advances, regions around the world are engaging in revolutionary sustainability planning - but with social equity as an afterthought. California is at the cutting edge of this movement, not only because its regulations actively reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also because its pioneering environmental regulation, market innovation, and Left Coast politics show how to blend the "three Es" of sustainability--environment, economy, and equity. Planning Sustainable Cities and Regions is the first book to explain what this grand experiment tells us about the most just path moving forward for cities and regions across the globe. The book offers chapters about neighbourhoods, the economy, and poverty, using stories from practice to help solve puzzles posed by academic research. Based on the most recent demographic and economic trends, it overturns conventional ideas about how to build more livable places and vibrant economies that offer opportunity to all. This thought-provoking book provides a framework to deal with the new inequities created by the movement for more livable - and expensive - cities, so that our best plans for sustainability are promoting more equitable development as well. This book will appeal to students of urban studies, urban planning and sustainability as well as policymakers, planning practitioners, and sustainability advocates around the world"--

The Moral Responsibilities of Companies is a philosophical analysis of the question of whether companies can be held morally responsible for the harms they create, and what implications such a view has on the moral position of employees and shareholders in these companies. Chris Chapple isa Partner in BDO LLP, a worldwide professional services company.

We regularly encounter companies in everyday life that have harmful and beneficial effects. When considering responsibility for these effects, we appear to have two intuitions: a 'holist' intuition that a company is a suitable object of praise or blame, and an 'individualist' intuition that all actions are fundamentally reducible to actions of individuals. From a philosophical perspective, the 'problem of corporate responsibility' is how to allocate moral responsibility in the context of an attachment to these two conflicting intuitions. The Moral Responsibilities of Companies is a timely philosophical analysis of whether companies can be held morally responsible for the harms they create, how we balance the benefits of corporate activity against its social costs, and what implications this has on the moral position of individuals. The book draws on a range of ethical and metaphysical literature to develop an ambitious new account of corporate and individual morality, and applies this to a range of real-life examples.

AbstractThis research considers the current New Zealand conventional wisdom of a Māori contact‐era population of 100,000 circa‐1770 using a variety of population density analogues. The first set of analogues examines estimated population densities of six districts in early‐contact period New Zealand for which reasonable population estimates can be constructed using methods of historical demography. The second set examines estimated population densities of pre‐industrial societies on large, relatively isolated temperate islands outside of New Zealand. The density research indicates that a contact‐era Māori population in excess of 200,000 is a distinct possibility. Based on this density analysis the current conventional wisdom's figure of 100,000 appears to be—considerably—on the low side, and suggesting considerable catastrophic early post‐contact population decline.

The Japanese government has touched on the topic of immigration as a possible way to deal with the nation's falling population several times in recent years. However, other than raising the issue and discussing numbers, there has been scant regard given to specific policy or requisite preparations that such a major change would entail. Before Japan can seriously consider admitting a large number of migrants, there are several important issues that must be dealt with, one of which is language education policy. This article investigates the barriers that exist in Japan's language education policies that hinder immigration becoming a greater reality in the immediate future. It examines the importance of such policies and the prerequisites required (attitudinal, cultural, societal and political) to realize the positive linguistic acceptance of migrants into the nation's mainstream education system and society. Regardless of whether migration increases now or in the future, changes in attitude towards language teaching and acquisition are necessary for the wider public and, done properly, would arguably lead to a change of attitudes of the general population towards accepting migration.

AbstractAlthough networks have long governed economic relations, they assume even more importance in a knowledge‐based economy. Yet, some argue that because of the lack of social networks and human capital, some groups are permanently 'switched off' the networks of the global economy. Evidence presented in this article suggests that instead there is latent potential for access to the network, due to the rise of networked community‐based organizations and the increasing accessibility of technology. Based on surveys and in‐depth interviews with almost 700 workers and training providers, I show how the switched off are entering jobs in information technology through network ties and the acquisition of soft skills, or communication and interaction skills. Although community‐based training providers are best positioned to help disadvantaged jobseekers enter the network society, changes in the US workforce development system are reinforcing network exclusivity, rather than facilitating this upward mobility.