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International audience ; This article focuses on the role of the Ethnological Society of Paris, founded in 1839, in the process of institutionalisation of race. It elucidates the influence of the colonial political and economic circles, as well as that of a network of Saint-Simonians in the construction of race as a scientific category, which, on the one hand, takes an important place in the parliamentary debate on the abolition of Slavery and, on the other hand, fuels apologetics of new colonization projects. Racial thinking and its role in European modernity are analysed through the discussions held at the meetings of the Society, but also at the Chamber of Deputies. These discussions articulate first-generation colonial projects, based on slave trade and plantations, and second-generation colonisation, based on the territorial annexation of Africa and Asia linked with new forms of forced labour. The so-called scientific race, from its very beginnings, is a singularly political notion. ; Cet article porte sur le rôle de la Société Ethnologique de Paris, fondée en 1839, dans le processus d'institutionnalisation de la race. Il éclaire l'influence des milieux politiques et économiques coloniaux, ainsi que d'un réseau de saint-simoniens dans la construction de la race comme catégorie scientifique qui, d'une part, prend une place importante dans la discussion parlementaire sur l'abolition de l'esclavage et, d'autre part, alimente l'argumentaire de nouveaux projets de colonisation. La pensée raciale et son rôle dans la modernité européenne sont analysés à travers les discussions menées lors des séances de la Société, mais aussi à la Chambre des députés. Ces discussions articulent projet colonial de première génération, fondé sur la traite et la plantation esclavagiste, et colonisation de deuxième génération, reposant sur l'annexion territoriale de l'Afrique et de l'Asie associée à de nouvelles formes de travail contraint. La race dite scientifique, dès ses débuts, est une notion singulièrement politique.

This article focuses on the role of the Société ethnologique de Paris, founded in 1839, in the process of institutionalising the race. It clarifies the influence of colonial political and economic circles and of a network of St simonians in the construction of the race as a scientific category which, on the one hand, plays an important role in the parliamentary discussion on the abolition of slavery and, on the other hand, feeds into new settlement plans. Racial thinking and its role in European modernity are analysed through discussions in the Society's sessions, but also in the Chamber of Deputies. These discussions articulate first-generation colonial project, based on trafficking and slavery plantation, and second-generation colonisation, based on the territorial annexation of Africa and Asia combined with new forms of forced labour. The so-called scientific race, from its inception, is a uniquely political concept. ; International audience This article focuses on the role of the Ethnological Society of Paris, founded in 1839, in the process of institutionalisation of race. It elucidates the influence of the colonial political and economic circles, as well as that of a network of Saint-Simonians in the construction of race as a scientific category, which, on the one hand, takes an important place in the parliamentary debate on the abolition of Slavery and, on the other hand, fuels apologetics of new colonization projects. Racial thinking and its role in European modernity are analysed through the discussions held at the meetings of the Society, but also at the Chamber of Deputies. These discussions articulate first-generation colonial projects, based on slave trade and plantations, and second-generation colonisation, based on the territorial annexation of Africa and Asia linked with new forms of forced labour. The so-called scientific race, from its very beginnings, is a singularly political notion. ; This article focuses on the role of the Société ethnologique de Paris, founded in 1839, in the process of ...

International audience ; This article focuses on the role of the Ethnological Society of Paris, founded in 1839, in the process of institutionalisation of race. It elucidates the influence of the colonial political and economic circles, as well as that of a network of Saint-Simonians in the construction of race as a scientific category, which, on the one hand, takes an important place in the parliamentary debate on the abolition of Slavery and, on the other hand, fuels apologetics of new colonization projects. Racial thinking and its role in European modernity are analysed through the discussions held at the meetings of the Society, but also at the Chamber of Deputies. These discussions articulate first-generation colonial projects, based on slave trade and plantations, and second-generation colonisation, based on the territorial annexation of Africa and Asia linked with new forms of forced labour. The so-called scientific race, from its very beginnings, is a singularly political notion. ; Cet article porte sur le rôle de la Société Ethnologique de Paris, fondée en 1839, dans le processus d'institutionnalisation de la race. Il éclaire l'influence des milieux politiques et économiques coloniaux, ainsi que d'un réseau de saint-simoniens dans la construction de la race comme catégorie scientifique qui, d'une part, prend une place importante dans la discussion parlementaire sur l'abolition de l'esclavage et, d'autre part, alimente l'argumentaire de nouveaux projets de colonisation. La pensée raciale et son rôle dans la modernité européenne sont analysés à travers les discussions menées lors des séances de la Société, mais aussi à la Chambre des députés. Ces discussions articulent projet colonial de première génération, fondé sur la traite et la plantation esclavagiste, et colonisation de deuxième génération, reposant sur l'annexion territoriale de l'Afrique et de l'Asie associée à de nouvelles formes de travail contraint. La race dite scientifique, dès ses débuts, est une notion singulièrement politique.