Теоретичні аспекти розвитку інклюзивного реабілітаційно-соціального туризму в Україні ; Theoretical Aspects of Development of the Inclusive Rehabilitation and Social Tourism in Ukraine
Досліджений сучасний стан та перспективи впровадження інклюзивного туризму в систему соціальної реабілітації і туристичного обслуговування в Україні. Визначена морфологія термінів і понять, пов`язаних з інклюзією. Розглянута науково-дослідна база з інклюзивного туризму, проведений поверхневий аналіз тематичних наукових праць ведучих українських науковців, які працюють в галузі адаптивного чи інклюзивного туризму. Проведена оцінка сучасного стану соціальної адаптації людей з інвалідністю в Україні та за кордоном. Визначені пріоритети у подоланні проблем, пов`язаних зі створенням «доступного середовища». На прикладі інформаційно-статистичного матеріалу створені картографічні та діаграмні джерела, які відображають реальну ситуацію, яка виникла у зв`язку з військовими ді-ями на сході України: збільшення чисельності людей з інвалідністю різних нозологій та по-ява такої категорії українців як «переселенці». Висвітлюється перспективні пропозиції в плані надання українцям необхідної всебічної допомоги з подолання проблем соціальної адаптації методами туристсько-рекреаційних послуг. ; The present state and prospects of the introduction of inclusive tourism into the system of social rehabilitation and tourist services in Ukraine are explored. Tourism has a positive impact on the development of society and has meaning: political – as a factor of peace and the common-wealth; economic – as a source of income, revenue, increase of the gross national product, stimulus of development of related branches of the economy, creation of workplaces and development of regional economies; cultural and educational – as one of the means of elevating the cultural level of man and society as a whole, spiritual enrichment, preservation of the historical memory of the people, his cultural heritage; socio-demographic – as a factor for the improvement of society for the continuation of active life of a person, etc. At the same time, tourism performs another very important function – social and rehabilitation in relation to people with inclusions. The morphology of terms and concepts related to inclusion were defined. Given the maximum similarity between the terms "inclusive tourism" and "tourism accessible to all", one may express the idea that these terms are synonymous, and the term "adaptive tourism" reflects the target orientation of tourism activities for people with special needs in tourism and services. This approach allows us to consider "adaptive tourism" as an opportunity to use it in the form of tourist trips in the natural environment. The research base on inclusive tourism is considered, the surface analysis of thematic scientific works of leading Ukrainian scientists working in the field of adaptive or inclusive tourism is conducted. Significant changes in the development of tourism geography in Ukraine have been ob-served since the mid-1990s and the beginning of the twentieth century. This is connected, first of all, with the defense of doctoral dissertations of M. Krachylo, O. Baidyk, O. Lyubitseva, and a number of Ph.D. theses, as well as the release of fundamental monographs and regional monographs. An assessment of the current state of social adaptation of people with disabilities in Ukraine and abroad. Defined priorities in overcoming the problems associated with creating an "accessible environment". Today in Ukraine the process of transition from medical to social model of disability continues, where the expression "all different, but all levels" means that the state has changed the attitude towards people with disabilities who seek to integrate into society. On the example of information and statistical material, cartographic and charter sources were created that reflect the real situation that arose in connection with military actions in eastern Ukraine: an increase in the number of people with disabilities of different nosologies and the emergence of such a category of Ukrainians as "settlers". The prospective proposals are presented in terms of providing Ukrainians with the necessary comprehensive assistance in overcoming the problems of social adaptation by methods of tourist and recreational services. In this regard, the development and introduction of new effective types of rehabilitation that are in line with current trends in the development of society will provide an opportunity to ensure the development of a unified state system of medical and social protection to preserve the physical and psychological health of people in Ukraine, including people with disabilities .
