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Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity of municipal legislation — Ratification — Publication — Memorandum of Agreement of 13 June 1952 between France and U.S.A. concerning taxation of defence expenditure — Neither ratified nor published — Whether applicable by French courts — The law of France

International law in general — Relation to municipal law — Treaties — Whether automatic reception into municipal law applies only to customary international law or also to treaties — Italian Constitution, Article 10 — Effect of consent of State to implement provisions of international agreement in municipal law — Distinction between ratification and implementation — Whether international agreement may be applicable in municipal legal system prior to enactment of implementing legislation — International agreement in simplified form — Whether compatible with Italian Constitution, Articles 80 and 87 (8) — The law of ItalyTreaties — Conclusion and operation of — Signature — Consent by State to introduce municipal implementing legislation for international agreement — Legal effect in municipal law — The law of ItalyTreaties — Conclusion and operation of — Constitutional limitations — International agreements in simplified form — Whether compatible with requirements for ratification of treaties contained in Italian Constitution, Articles 80 and 87 (8) — The law of ItalyTreaties — Conclusion and operation of — Ratification of treaties — Entry into force — Distinction between ratification and implementation — Whether international agreement may be applicable in municipal legal system prior to enactment of implementing legislation — International agreement in simplified form — Whether compatible with Italian Constitution, Articles 80 and 87 (8) — The law of ItalyTreaties — Conclusion and operation of — Operation and enforcement of — Necessity for municipal legislation — Whether automatic reception into municipal law applies only to customary international law or also to treaties — Italian Constitution, Article 10 — Effect of consent of State to implement provisions of international agreement at level of municipal law — Distinction between ratification and implementation — Whether international agreement may be applicable in municipal legal system prior to enactment of implementing legislation — International agreement in simplified form — Whether compatible with Italian Constitution, Articles 80 and 87 (8) — The law of Italy

Belligerent Occupation — Respect for Private Property — Damage to Private Property by Armed Forces of Occupant — Compensation Provided by Occupant — Payment of Compensation Effected by Authorities of Occupied Country — Conditions Governing Payment Imposed by Municipal Authorities — Whether Municipal Courts Competent to Determine Legality of Conditions.

Treaties — Special kinds of — Peace Treaty with Italy, 1947 — Duty of Italian Government under Treaty to compensate Italian citizens for property seized by Allied Powers — Property restored to Italian citizen by Allied Power after end of war — Transfer of property by Italian Government to Allied Power " on account of reparations " — Whether compensation payable by Italian Government to dispossessed owner under terms of Treaty or whether Italian Government liable in damages for tort under Italian civil law — The law of Italy.War — Effects of treaties of peace — Peace Treaty with Italy, 1947 — Seizure of property in Brazil — Release of property to rightful owner after end of war — Transfer of property by Italian Government to Brazilian Government " on account of reparations " — Whether compensation payable by Italian Government to dispossessed owner under terms of Treaty or whether Italian Government liable in damages for tort under Italian civil law — The law of Italy.War — Effects of outbreak of — On enemy subjects — Property of — Seizure of property of Italian citizen in territory of Allied Power — Release of property by Allied Power after end of war — Transfer of property by Italian Government to Allied Power "on account of reparations" — Claim by rightful owner against Italian Government — Whether compensation payable by Italian Government under terms of Treaty or whether Italian Government liable in damages for tort under Italian civil law — Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947 — The law of Italy.

Treaties — Municipal Law and — Necessity for Municipal Legislation — The Law of Italy.Peace Treaties — Effects of — Miscellaneous — Conciliation Commission Set up under Peace Treaty — Whether Possessing Exclusive Jurisdiction to Adjudicate on Disputes arising out of Treaty — The Law of Italy.Disputes — Conciliation — Conciliation Commission Set Up under Peace Treaty — Whether Possessing Exclusive Jurisdiction to Adjudicate on Disputes arising out of Treaty — The Law of Italy.