Search results

This work provides an overview of human-made hazards impact on the malfunctioning of terrestrial transportation systems. The impacts evaluation is gathered in four major groups, specifically: human, economic, environmental and political/social impacts. For further characterization or forecast of human-made hazards impact in real case scenarios, a traditional risk assessment framework is proposed by assuming four main steps: i) hazard identification; ii) probability of occurrence; iii) asset vulnerability; iv) impacts. The present work was carried within the SAFEWAY project, which aims at improving the resilience of transport infrastructures, developing a holistic toolset with transversal application to anticipate and mitigate the effects of extreme events at all modes of disaster cycle. ; H2020 -Horizon 2020 Framework Programme(UIDB / ...

Research on the acute and chronic effects of victimization by disaster has found that some patterns of response generalize across disasters of different origin and type. However, it is likely that variation in the nature of the victimizing event can affect long-term psychophysiological reactions. This study compared 23 flood victims with 27 people living near a leaking hazardous toxic waste dump and 27 control subjects. Self-report, behavioral, and physiological measures of stress were collected, all of which showed that 9 months after the announcement of the toxic hazard and the destructive flood, subjects living near the waste dump were more anxious, depressed, and alienated, less able to perform challenging tasks, and more aroused than were flood victims or control subjects. Residents of the landfill neighborhood also reported more feelings of helplessness than did any other subjects, and these feelings were significantly correlated with stress. Victimization associated with the toxic landfill appeared more likely to pose threats to victims' sense of control and to cause chronic emotional and psychophysiological problems than did the natural disaster.

This article reports the results of a field study in Israel into psychological reactions on the day prior to the fall of Skylab. It was reasoned that knowledge about the impending event would result in emotional arousal to the extent that individuals would appraise Skylab as potentially harmful. It was found that subjective estimates of the probability of injury were associated significantly with state and trait anxiety measures. Anxiety scores and subjective estimates were highest among females, young persons, and individuals with relatively few years of formal education. It was suggested that (a) unrealistically high estimates of risk (given by a large proportion of the sample) may be due to inability to handle rationally probabilistic types of information, and (b) "fear of science and technology" (which may be stronger among individuals with low levels of education) may mediate individual differences in anxieW and in appraisal of risk.

A natural outgrowth of technological development-manmade hazards-fall into two classification systems: (I) context (occupational, product, general environment), & (2) agent (chemical, mechanical, radiological). Of agents, radiation presents unprecedented dangers in terms of its potential scale & persistence. Control of man-made hazards is based on certain unsupported assuptions or myths (eg, occupational hazards are statistically more severe than risk to the environment, risks & benefits are accrued at a proportional rate). Complicating the process are the political issues which evolve from a need to translate highly specialized information into nonpartisan advice useful to government officials charged with policy-making, together with questions of ethics & public accountability. Western governments have recently demonstrated increased concern & effort toward control. Of the differing approaches adopted in Britain (closed), Sweden (open consenual) & the US, the latter is more responsive to citizen initiative. In light of the risks, however, adequate public & governmental involvement has yet to develop. P. Hoye.

THE BUSINESS OF LIVING IS INESCAPABLY HAZARDOUS, EVEN IN THE advanced industrial societies, for all that life within them has now become less nasty, brutish and short. In fact, the very process of technological innovation which has made possible the unprecedented affluence of these societies has also led to quite new dangers. In consequence, securing a reasonable balance between the advantages and disadvantages of innovation has now become an important government objective, and a vital one in the case of any technical development whose potentially dysfunctional effects would be catastrophic. It is with the political issues bearing upon the maintenance of this balance that this article is mainly concerned. Its scope is restricted for reasons of logic as well as of convenience to the specifically physical man-made hazards of industrial societies, and the unique psychological problems which these societies are often said to present are therefore not considered.

Mad Hazard is a memoir of the career and life of Stephen Turner, chronicling a life in social theory. Showcasing how Turner's later work on expertise, tacit knowledge, cognitive science, leadership, and liberal democracy developed out of his early interests, this volume describes the institutional and personal constraints and pressures, as well as the personal relationships, that facilitated and shaped an academic career. From Turner's childhood in the racially violent South Side of Chicago, the development of his interests in social theory, through to his education in the shadow of the war in Vietnam and a period of social and personal turmoil, this biographical work shows us not only the development of academic thinking, but the evolution of an academic career. The rebellion within sociology against the hegemonic Merton-Parsons conception of sociology and the methodological orthodoxies of the time leads through to a discussion of the philosophy of science and social science, and from there to a reassessment of the inherited view of the classics, to science studies, and to political and international relations theory - the comprehensive nature of Mad Hazard means the reader can truly understand how Turner's academic journey evolved. Revealing an academic career not dependent on prestige and academic power, but also not untouched by hierarchy and academic politics, Mad Hazard is appealing for readers interested in the field of social theory, and beyond that, those interested in the evolution of intellectual life in the present university.

Provides a critical assessment of the knowledge and indicates challenges in fighting the man-made and natural hazards in transient analysis of structures. The latter concerns both the permanently fixed structures, such as those built to protect the people and/or sensitive storage material or the special structures found in transportation systems

So stellt sich Dall-E ein detailliertes Level eines Open-World-Spiels vor.KI-Werkzeuge mischen die Spieleentwicklung auf. Wer sich darüber aber nicht proaktiv informiert, bekommt kaum etwas davon mit. Könnte ein Etikett das ändern?