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PurposeHere the authors thoroughly explore a field-tested exchange of ideas, a discussion. The authors share a robust discussion script that models a wise-practice pedagogical approach for promoting civic competence [problem-based historical inquiry (PBHI)] and then describe precisely how the discussion is an exemplar of that approach.Design/methodology/approachScores of teachers and teacher educators have participated in this discussion in real-world classroom settings. This was first experienced during a professional development seminar at the University of Prishtina in Kosovo when the first author, working with Kosovar colleagues including the second author, led this seemingly impromptu discussion of major values in conflict over the issue of whether Kosovo's government should make tobacco use illegal. This has since been implemented in several undergraduate and graduate education courses in the United States of America.FindingsThe discussion script contains two types of text: (1) traditional text – default formatting – which constitutes the semi-structured wording a discussion leader would say aloud and (2) supplementary text – italicized formatting – that provides educative suggestions for professional development.Originality/valueFinally, the authors share suggestions for revising this discussion for future iterations and ways teachers and teacher educators can further develop the skills for facilitating discussions.

This volume investigates the emergence and spread of maritime commerce and interconnectivity across the Indian Ocean World-the world's first "global economy"--A longue durée perspective. Spanning from antiquity to the nineteenth century, these essays move beyond the usual focus on geographical sub-regions or thematic aspects to foreground inter- and trans-regional connections. Focusing on the role of religion in the expansion of commerce and exchange across the region, as well as on technology and knowledge transfer, volume II covers shipbuilding and navigation technologies, porcelain production, medicinal knowledge, and mules as a commodity and means of transportation.--

For ten years the Israel Journal of Health Policy Research has provided a platform for exchange of knowledge and insights on health policy. It is a unique attempt by scholars and practitioners in one small country to share their knowledge with the world and, in turn to learn from experience elsewhere. Never has this role been as important as during the COVID pandemic, a message that is very clear when we look at failings elsewhere.

An examination of reviews in learned journals, especially in the Memoires de Trevoux, which was founded by the French Jesuits at the beginning of the eighteenth century, concerning English scholarly publications. Editors of the Memoires enlisted the help of scholars in institutions & representatives in towns to supply information & reviews of recent academic publications, either written by the authors or by experts in the field. They also had contacts in England who regularly supplied information or "extracts" & consulted the Transactions of the Royal Society; French translations of English books, produced in Holland, were also included. Indeed, by way of these journals, French replaced Latin as the international language for scholars. Topics concerned the humanities & sciences. An examination of journal articles indicates that although the academic journals of the time claimed to be impartial, national prejudices & preconceived ideas are evident. However, they encouraged the exchange of knowledge & ideas between countries, & thus laid the foundation of today's international scientific collaboration. Modified AA

Le phénomène de globalisation ainsi que les mutations économiques et politiques des dernières décennies ont vu émerger un nouveau type de diplomatie, porté par les entreprises sur un marché concurrentiel. La diplomatie d'entreprise est aujourd'hui incontournable et s'impose comme une nouvelle voie de relations entre les dirigeants économiques et les pouvoirs publics. Le poids des facteurs économiques et politiques dans l'évolution d'une entreprise est le résultat des négociations internationales. Néanmoins, dans ce cadre, les entreprises ont des responsabilités en ce qui concerne des questions relatives aux droits de l'homme et la situation des pays d'accueil. Dans quelle mesure les grandes entreprises contribuent-elles à l'élaboration de cette nouvelle diplomatie ? ; The phenomenon of globalization, in conjunction with the economic and political transformations of recent decades, has involved the emergence of a new form of diplomacy that is driven by businesses in competitive markets. Business diplomacy has become indispensable, and is now established as a new means for economic leaders and public authorities to interact and develop relations. The importance of political and economic factors in the growth of a corporation is the product of international negotiations. However, in this context, the private sector has responsibilities in relation to issues of human rights and the conditions in host countries. To what extent can big business contribute to the development of this new diplomacy?

In light of Brexit, US policies on research or the Turkish government's crackdown after the 2017 coup, scientists worry about larger political developments that could harm international science. [Image: see text]