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AbstractThe middle manager is responsible for getting things done through others. The achievement of organizational objectives is facilitated by the administrative supervisory process.

In many countries, administrative supervision has grown dramatically in recent years. Administrative supervision is a form of interaction between policy makers and policy executors, aimed at improving political accountability. In this paper, the role of information and information relationships between policy making bodies, executive institutions and administrative supervisors is explored. We identify three roles of administrative supervisors: a classical (cop) role, a modern (coach) role, and a networking (director) role. Each role has requirements with respect to the information relationship, particularly in the relationship between the supervisory authority and the executive institution. In this paper, we analyze the sometimes contradictory roles of administrative supervisors and the implications for information relationships, and we indicate the consequences for practice.

Canadian local-government institutions have been influenced by those of both Great Britain and the United States, yet they retain a distinctly Canadian character. Few residents of the United States have been acquainted with Canada's internal governmental problems, because there has been relatively little information available. Canada's top political leaders have been pre-occupied with making Canada a nation, one prepared to take its place in world affairs. But what of the governments within the Dominion? The Rowell-Sirois Commission hearings and its reports in 1939 brought to the attention of many people the problems of dominion-provincial relations. More recently, the Goldenberg report in British Columbia brought attention to certain provincial-local relationships. During the 1930's, many persons in the United States became interested in the Canadian provincial boards of municipal affairs because those boards seemed to offer a means for disciplining improvident municipalities and maintaining good fiscal standards. Viewed in their full perspective, however, these boards and the departments of municipal affairs in Canadian provinces illustrate vital developments in central-local relations. Within the past forty-five years, Canadians have moved rapidly in developing the vast natural resources of the country and in building cities, towns, and villages.

The subject of this thesis is the relationship between administrative supervision, criminal investigation and the nemo-tenetur principle. The point of departure is the distinction made in Dutch law and doctrine between administrative supervision and criminal investigation. Such a distinction is often made in the area of the enforcement of socio-economic regulatory legislation where supervision and investigation are perceived as (isolated) phases of the regulatory process. Zie: Summary

Наукову статтю присвячено правовому регулюванню адміністративного нагляду Національної поліції України. Вивчено публікації науковців, які досліджували проблеми здійснення адміністративного нагляду поліції в різних галузях економіки та державного управління. Проаналізовано норми законодавчих актів, які встановлюють наглядові повноваження поліції. Визначено поняття адміністративного нагляду поліції та його ознаки, а також розроблено пропозиції щодо внесення змін до Закону України «Про Національну поліцію». ; The scientific article is focused on the legal regulation of administrative supervision of the National Police of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to define the concept and features of police administrative supervision and develop propositions for amending the existing legislation regulating law enforcement activity. The relevance of the chosen topic is the fact that police officers' powers to monitor the rule of law in the fields of economy and public administration can directly affect the rights and freedoms of individuals and the legitimate interests of legal entities. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the doctrinal definition of the concept of police administrative supervision and its features and the development of propositions for amending the Law of Ukraine "On the National Police". The publications of scholars who studied the problems of police administrative supervision in various sectors of the economy and public administration were studied. The norms of legislative acts that establish the supervisory powers of the police are analyzed. It is concluded that police administrative supervision is systematic monitoring of the compliance with Ukrainian legislation in the fields of economy, public administration, public life, and the application of coercive measures to offenders to stop the offense and bring them to justice. Features of police administrative supervision, such as regularity, legality, formality, publicity, have been identified. Police administrative supervision is protective. Its purpose is to stop and prevent violations of Ukrainian law. Administrative supervision over the compliance with the law is carried out in the areas of public order and public safety, public administration, business, drug trafficking, firearms and ammunition, road safety, and other sectors of the economy and public administration. It is offered to make appropriate amendments to the Art. 2 of the Law of Ukraine "On the National Police". The results of the study can be used in lawmaking, law enforcement practice, and the educational process. ; Научная статья посвящена правовому регулированию административного надзора Национальной полиции Украины. Изучены публикации ученых, которые исследовали проблемы осуществления административного надзора полиции в разных отраслях экономики и государственного управления. Проанализированы нормы законодательных актов, которые устанавливают надзорные полномочия полиции. Определены понятие административного надзора полиции и его признаки, а также разработаны предложения относительно внесения изменений в Закон Украины «О Национальной полиции».

There is no systematic approach regarding the interaction between national and subnational levels of public governance in Lithuania. The statistical data of decentralized public governance system and policy are inadequate, there is the lack of total forecasts and information, the majority of institutional reforms are not evaluated, the reforms of public governance institutions are often undecided and unjustified in the context of changes in public governance, they are driven by political influences and are superficial. The aim of the research is to reveal the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities in the context of changes in public governance. Results ot the research shows, that the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities in the context of changes in public governance can be developed by conceptualizing the multidimensionality and complexity of the context of changes in public governance as well as by identifying administrative supervision of municipalities as an institute. The research revealed that the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities is characterized by its specificity, which depends on the content of the country- specific municipal administrative supervision institute, the model of public governance, and the context of supervision. The research found that the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities is limited by an inappropriate trajectory of changes in public governance, when the need for a change is politicized, the program of change development is vague, and there is the lack of cooperation and open communication in the organizational sphere of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities.

There is no systematic approach regarding the interaction between national and subnational levels of public governance in Lithuania. The statistical data of decentralized public governance system and policy are inadequate, there is the lack of total forecasts and information, the majority of institutional reforms are not evaluated, the reforms of public governance institutions are often undecided and unjustified in the context of changes in public governance, they are driven by political influences and are superficial. The aim of the research is to reveal the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities in the context of changes in public governance. Results ot the research shows, that the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities in the context of changes in public governance can be developed by conceptualizing the multidimensionality and complexity of the context of changes in public governance as well as by identifying administrative supervision of municipalities as an institute. The research revealed that the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities is characterized by its specificity, which depends on the content of the country- specific municipal administrative supervision institute, the model of public governance, and the context of supervision. The research found that the improvement of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities is limited by an inappropriate trajectory of changes in public governance, when the need for a change is politicized, the program of change development is vague, and there is the lack of cooperation and open communication in the organizational sphere of the institute of administrative supervision of municipalities.